Analysis ndakatulo "Njira" (Nekrasov). Mutu wa ndakatuloyi "Njira"

Ntchito yake, odziwika bwino ndakatulo Nikolai Nekrasov mobwerezabwereza anatembenukira kwa mavuto ndi kuvutika kwa anthu wamba Russian.

Kuyambira ndili mwana, kuona nkhanza za serfs ndi atate wake - munthu autocratic ndi wopondereza. Nthawi zambiri wapabanja iye ndi mkazi wake, mayi wolemba ndakatulo wa. Zimenezi pamoyo wake adayikidwa mu kukumbukira ndi moyo wa Nikolai ndi kukhala gwero sizidzatha chifukwa ambiri ntchito zake.

Mu 1845, achinyamata Nekrasov analemba buku laling'ono la ndakatulo "The Road." Zinali kuwonekera koyamba kugulu lake zolembalemba, ndipo pomwepo chizindikiro mutu kuti zidzatero mpaka chapakati ntchito yake.

"... Inu ndinu ndakatulo - ndakatulo ndi zoona!"

Ndi mawu amenewa wachangu wopita kwa Nekrasov wotsutsa Vissarion Belinsky, pamene ine ndinamva "The Road." "Kodi chisoni ndi ya ndulu ..." - kotero iye anati vesi novice ndakatulo mu umodzi kukambirana ndi Panaev. Pomwepo ankasirira "wolemekezeka" ntchito ndi A. Herzen.

ndi udachita Nikolai Nekrasov, amene poyamba zosonkhanitsira "Amakapezadi zikumveka" wakhala pafupifupi padera, kwambiri anayamikira ndi chiyani?

Kapangidwe ndi mtundu wanyimbo

Ndakatulo chikupitiriza amatikumbutsa nkhani ya moyo wosakondwa wa munthu wamba banja wamng'ono. Paja kutumikira amadandaula kuti dalaivala mwini kunyong'onyeka. Iye akufunsa odzisangulutsa nokha kuchotsa nyimbo kapena zopeka. "The zosangalatsa kwambiri Ine sindiri ..." - mawu awa akuyamba kukayikira dalaivala N.A.Nekrasov. Momwe iye pang'onopang'ono akufotokoza nkhani zheny- "woipa amene amabweretsa", zimaŵetedwa kwa nthawi yaitali ankakhala m'nyumba Manor. Kenako anatumiza kumudzi, kumene iye tsopano pa mphembenu pa manda. Sad nkhani ifika amatikhudza mbuye. "Chabwino ... wokongola ... omwazika kulimbikira kunyong'onyeka ..." - mawu awa limatha ndi mankhwala.

Choncho mmalo mwa miyambo nyimbo yamschitsky ndi kulira mabelu zikumveka kukanikiza pakati monologue kuzunzidwa mtima. Ndipo ngwazi wake achitiridwa nkhanza serfdom, alipo kwa zaka Russia.

Nkhani yaikulu ndakatuloyi "Njira"

Nekrasov nthawi nkhawa za mavuto a anthu opsinjidwa. Makamaka nkhawa ankachitira tsoka owawa a wamba akazi, adzatha kuchita zambiri mu moyo wake. Mu ndakatulo yoyamba, yemwe anakhala "Popita", akuuza za unenviable gawo serf mtsikana wina yemwe ubwana ndi unyamata anakhala nyumba Manor. Icho chinali chodabwitsa ankaikira nthawi. Ndipo, nthawi zambiri zimenezo ndi ana apathengo a mwanaciro munda. moyo wawo osasamala ndi chete nthawi inatha tsoka, popeza anthu anakhalabe muyaya serfs. Wokhudzidwa wamba (mwa kubadwa), anakwatulidwa zidole m'manja mwa Mulungu ndipo anafika kumapeto m'malo zachilendo chikhalidwe kumathandiza kumvetsa kusanthula ndakatulo "The Road."

pa maphunziro a heroine ndi Nekrasov

Peyala kunali dona cikulu zaka zambiri. Pamodzi ndi iye, iye anali ataphunzitsidwa mu kuwerenga ndi sayansi, kusoka ndi kusewera zoimbira - ie zonse zofunika kudziwa ndi kukhala okhoza zabwino dona.

mwamuna wake amamunena iye ngati motere: "view chinali chosangalatsa," ndi makhalidwe abwino, choncho wina Akanatha kuganiza kuti iye anali dona wamng'ono "yachilengedwe." Ngakhale mphunzitsi kwa iye courted limodzi (osati dziko chabe!), Koma pali chinachake chalakwika, "safuna zana-mtumiki njonda ya."

Atsikana zinthu zinasintha mosayembekezereka: dona wamng'ono nakwatirana, ndi mwininyumba anamwalira atangopereka, kusiya peyala amasiye. Analowa cholowa cha mwana, akuwerengedwanso kafukufuku onse. Iye m'malo serfdom mangawa. Peyala ndi amene anali anzanga, anapita kumudzi. Kotero akupitiriza Nekrasov ndakatulo "Njira" ndi nkhani ya tsogolo la heroine lapansi.

Mudzi ndi ukwati

"Kubuma msungwana," - anati moyo watsopano wa mkazi wake dalaivala. Zovuta, osati anazolowera ntchito wamba. katundu aliyense ntchito nkhani - "chifundo Indus zina." Koma sindikuwatsutsa dalaivala mapeyala, iye ankakhulupirira kuti "imawonongeka njonda ake."

Ndipo ukwatiwo msungwana analibe chisangalalo. Iwo anakwatira chifuniro cha mbuye - nthawi yafika. Kotero palibe kanthu okondwa moyo wake watsopano. Pamene ena "mmwamba ndi pansi" ndipo ndekha, misozi yonse Lila. Pang'onopang'ono kufa moyo wa munthu, anazolowera kukhala osiyana kwathunthu, malamulo ena abwino - maganizo amenewa wachisoni kumabweretsa owerenga Khadili ndakatulo "The Road."

Nekrasov si kufotokoza mavuto anakumana tsiku ndi tsiku. Iye anafotokoza mbali ina ya moyo wakumudzi, si ofanana landlords lapansi.

Mdima ndi umbuli wa anthu

Nkhawa coachman china mu khalidwe la mkazi wake. Kawirikawiri izo zikuwoneka pa "patret" imati bukhu. Mwana wa chiphunzitso kulemba, amene sanatengedwe kuchokera Amaya - kopita wina akumuyembekezera. Ndipo tsiku lililonse, monga barchonka, umatsuka ndi rubs. Mabala, Kodi samenya. "Phwasulani ndi mwana wake wamng'ono" - mfundo imeneyi chililaka dalaivala.

Author komanso nkhawa zinthu zina. Osaphunzira, kutali chikhalidwe chilichonse ndi mwamuna sayansi sangathe kumvetsa peyala, limene analeredwa wolemekezeka ndi buku (la mu chithunzi akhoza akuonetsedwa Mwachitsanzo, munthu wina wolemba) kudzutsidwa moyo kuzindikira. Iwo akufuna kujambula chidwi cha m'nthawi Nekrasov. Vesi "Popita" ikusonyeza mmene yatsekera kwenikweni m'mphawi yosavuta. Ndipo kotero, sanali kupeza peyala adherent mu malo - ndi aliyense akumvetsa. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, mbuye wake, mwina palibe cholakwika ndi sindikufuna moyo wa mnyamata wolumala mtsikana. Tsopano iye tikulefuka tsiku ndi tsiku, wakhala "wochepa thupi ngati mafupa okhaokha ndi wotumbululuka," ngakhale amapita ngati mphamvu. Ndi zoonekeratu kuti iye ali safuna kukhala. "Wench A akanati ikuthamangira!".

Tsoka la coachman ndi

Si zophweka kuti nkhani iyi ndi mwamuna wake. Anakwatira popanda chilolezo. Peyala sakumvetsa, koma mosiyana ndi ena ambiri, mkazi wanga Ndikukhumba kamodzinso uja, ngakhale kulemekezedwa. Pafupifupi chiyani samenya - chabe kuledzera. Ndipo iye akhadikhira umasiye ndi kusungulumwa, amene kunyamula mwamuna ndi mwana m'manja osati m'tsogolo. Ndipo Chofunika, mlandu wake mu nkhani iyi pali - ndi chimodzimodzi monga onse serfs.

Choncho, kusanthula ndakatulo "Njira" (Nekrasov analemba nkhani imeneyi: "Kaya moyo ndi ngozi!") Poyera za makhalidwe abwino ndi chikhalidwe mavuto a serfdom. Pambuyo njonda akufunira imawonongeka moyo si munthu m'modzi.

njira akuti

Ndakatulo "Njira" kwalembedwa trehstopnym anapaest. kukula izi, pamodzi ndi ziboda ankaimbidwa akukumbutsa chitachitika wowerengeka kulankhula kumabweretsa nkhani ya coachman kuti nyimboyo, ngati akulira momvetsa chisoni, akuthawira kozama. Zosatheka ndi zokongola monologue kupanga dongosolo wapadera mawu, mitundu awiri, mtanda ndi mphete nyimbo, mawu colloquial ndi mawu: Nyambo Ali, mukudziwa-de, patret ndi ena.

kutanthauza ndakatulo

Pakuti mfundo zingapo mwachidule kusanthula ndakatulo "The Road." Nekrasov, ngakhale kale Turgenev ndi "Mfundo za Hunter" anasolola chidwi cha m'nthawi yake kuti vuto la anthu. The monologue coachman bwino silhouetted zosiyana chithunzi cha moyo wa nzika ndi serfs amadalira iwo. Chinthu yoopsa kwambiri apa ndi eni ake kuuza anthu wamba ankapatsidwa monga chinthu china chirichonse m'nyumba. Zinali undisguised kudzudzula ukapolo analipo mu dziko poyera Zionetsero malamulo okhazikika.

Zambiri koma zoona chithunzi chilichonse malire atsopano ukuonekera ntchito "On the Road" Nekrasov. Phunziro ananena mu ndakatuloyi - ndi serfdom chikumbumtima, palibe malamulo - mwadzidzidzi kusandulika ikuphukira ndakatulo mu nthumwi zabwino "sukulu zachilengedwe," chomwe posakhalitsa udzakhazikitsidwa mabuku Russian ndi kutsutsa.