Amene ali boatswain? udindo boatswain

Sitima iliyonse pali malo amene ali ndi udindo osati chifukwa chopitiriza kukhala bwino kwa ngalawayo, komanso kuti "kukhala ndi diso" kwa timu. Zochita izi zatsiku ndi ziwiri zofunika zonse anagona pa mapewa a Boatswain. Koma ndi ndani boatswain pa chombo? Tiyeni tione mbali ya ntchito mwatsatanetsatane.

Amene ali boatswain

Mpaka 1798 zombo Boatswain sanali, Sergeant ntchito zawo anachita. Umboni anawasema ndi malamulo apanyanja, chojambulidwa cha chaka cha 1886, kale mwatsatanetsatane amene boatswain. Mwalamulo, ndi mkulu sanali analamula kapitawo, Mwamseri - nduna, amene ndi udindo mkhalidwe wa galimoto, onani matanga ndi maboti, anangula zingwe. Ambiri, izo amachita chilichonse kuti chotengeracho "anathamangira" bwino ndipo popanda mavuto.

Osati aliyense amadziwa anthu amene boatswain. tanthauzo kutanthauziridwa motere: Munthu amene ali woyenera ku gulu lonse. Iye ali wamkulu mwa chiwerengero m'munsi mwa oyendetsa. Iye amatsogolera ntchito onse opangidwa ndi timu m'chombocho, nkupereka langizolo, amazilamulira, amathandiza timu pokwaniritsa udindo wanga, novice ndi junior zikuchokera kuphunzitsa luso m'madzi.

Ulamuliro wa boatswain ndi nthawizonse zakhala ndi dongosolo pa bolodi. Khalidwe, mikangano, kusagwirizana, ndewu ndi ndewu imene zinachitika pa nthawi imeneyo pa zombo komanso m'manja mwa boatswain lapansi. Iwo kuwaletsa kapena kuzimitsa ngati kale kuvutika. Gulu bwino zinthu kuposa zinali coherent, ndi apamwamba a imawunikidwa ntchito boatswain.

Boatswain zosiyana koma mosinthana

M'bwato aliyense ayenera kukhala mu dongosolo. Boatswain ndi tanthauzo oyendetsa chinenero zoseketsa "chinjoka" - udindo yapamwamba ndi wolemekezedwa. Boatswain ngati ngalawayo anali ochepa, ndiye munthu angakhoze kokha kuyankha kwa gulu, winayo - pa chikhalidwe cha zingwe ndi yamphamvu, ndipo wachitatu anali kuyang'anira boma la zida ndi matanga.

Ngati ngalawa ili lalikulu, Boatswain ogaŵikana choyamba, chachiwiri, chachitatu ndi zina zotero. D. Ndi yabwino kwambiri. Pali mkulu boatswain. Izi zikutanthauza kuti asaaonerera osati gulu komanso Boatswain ena onse. Komanso, ali ndi udindo kwa kuphedwa kwa madongosolo ndi amatithandiza amalinyero anawalamulira "kuchokera pamwamba". Nayenso boatswains akuonerera, m'malo wina ndi mzake. ntchito yawo chikuchitika pa ndandanda yeniyeni.

Boatswain - kodi mawu izi zikutanthauza chiyani? Malinga ndi anthuwo, choncho maina munthu amene amadziwa zonse ndipo ali nthawi kulamulira ena. Ngakhale udindo yekha kuwunika udindo wa thanga kapena nangula, boatswain limodzi nthawi zonse amadziwa ntchito ina ngati n'koyenera. Iye akhoza kuchita izo osachepera qualitatively.

Monga kufunika boatswain papita zaka

Ambiri amakhulupirira kuti ali ndi maganizo ndiponso zotsutsana ntchito. Agwiritsidwa kwa izo boatswain. Kutchula koyamba kwa anthu pa chombo anaonekera mu 1667. Ndiye chikalata linalembedwa, lomwe limanena za "zochitika ndi dongosolo la chombo." Pamenepo ndinaitana waudindo Butman, kapena boteman. Kenako, monga ife tinanena pamwamba, ofesi anadzatchedwa ndi sergeants. Mu English ndi Dutch zombo analinso ndi udindo wofanana. Mabaibulo chinthu chimodzi. Choncho, amene ndi boatswain? Izi bwato anthu (jombo - zombo kapena m'mwadiya, mamuna -, mwamuna).

Mu 1720, mu apanyanja hayala boatswain anatchulidwanso. Iwo akunena kuti wamaliza zingwe ndi zingwe, anangula ndi hoists, mooring ndi Chalk towing. Mwamuna ameneyu anali kudziwa dzina la aliyense m'sitima yemwe anali m'chombo. zikalata anasonyeza kuti boatswain anali pochitika pa nzeru zawo kwa ophunzira, koma zingapo. Ndiye anatumikira mu yapamadzi kwa nthawi yaitali, kotero pambuyo mgwirizano pagombe, imfa kapena kuvulala ayenera ndatambasula m'malo oyenera.

panopa,

Anathetsa Mulingo wa boatswain mu 1918. Komabe, pa nthawi ino pa ngalawa pali ntchito. Amalinyero kunena kuti boatswain - anthu ngalawa ndi wolemekezeka kwambiri, koma nthawi zambiri ntchito wotanganidwa kwambiri. Pa mapewa ake apuma onse. Iye ali naye, wina kwa gulu lonse ndi wotsogolera zake.

Tikumbukenso kuti udindo m'munsi zambiri kupereka amalinyero kupita ku ntchito boatswain, ndi malipiro a anthu awa timu nthawi zonse zapamwamba kwambiri kuposa zimenezo ya woyenda panyanja wamba. The okha zoipa - kutchuthi kawirikawiri kuchitika pa Boatswain. Makamaka ngati pa chombo chokha, ndipo palibe m'malo. Ngakhale maola kwambiri ndi yaitali ntchito (miyezi 6 mpaka 12), kutchuka kwa ntchito imeneyi si kugwa, koma ikupita patsogolo.

chitoliro boatswain a

Boatswain wa chitoliro - chida njira imene ikuchitika osati kulankhula ndi timu, komanso amailamulira. Chubu limatulutsa wapadera malikhweru kamvekedwe amene "kusintha" otsala malamulo boatswain oyendetsa. Pa ena zombo masiku akale, ngakhale choletsedwa azidzachiimbira mluzu, kuti kuchotsa kapena kusokonezedwa kupereka boatswain chitoliro dongosolo.

Panopa, ziwiya lalikulu boatswain chitoliro panonso. Izo ntchito okha miyambo. Koma zombo zazing'ono malonda, chida ichi akadali ndithu otchuka. Ndi icho, boatswain kulamula ndi kupanga malamulo. mamembala Junior timu saloledwa ntchito chitoliro chimene kachiwiri chinatsimikizira udindo Boatswain zombo.

M'sitima Wakuba

ziwiya Pirate sanali amasiyana zombo wamba. Iwo kulibe utsogoleri wolowezana chomwecho ndi mabungwe mabungwe a asilikali. Boatswain analinso analipo pa sitima ndi achifwamba. Ntchito pa izo zinali pafupifupi mofanana pa zombo boatswain wamba. Komabe bo'sun Wakuba udindo kulephera kapena mdani chiwonongeko cha mbendera pa chotengera analandidwa.

Komanso, zonse timu mikangano komanso kuthetsedwa popanda nkhani ya boatswain lapansi. Ndipo ngati mmodzi wa gulu la achifwamba zinachititsa kuti nkhani zofunika, wachita kapena manyazi chinachake mkulu, katundu chilango amadziwikanso akuyang'anira boatswain lapansi. Iye anayankha kuti aphedwe, kupanga izo, monga ulamuliro pandekha. wakupha Boatswain pa chombo Wakuba si zachilendo, koma chitsanzo bwino kwa nthawi zimenezo.