Akamagwiritsa Ambiri fano ndi mitundu ya akamagwiritsa

Aliyense wa ife, mwanjira ina kapena imzake, anakumana ndi zithunzi. Tiyeni tiyang'ane pa funso la luntha la liwu izi ndi zambiri. Pambuyo akamagwiritsa onse fano monga osati zithunzi (images, photos, makanema ojambula, zojambula, etc.), komanso kanema. Payokha akukhala pa nkhani file kutembenuka, komanso kusungiramo mtundu winawake wa nkhani.

ndi akamagwiritsa chithunzi chiyani?

zambiri amasungidwa wapamwamba, limene lakonzedwa kuti deta zowonera (kusonyeza pa chipangizo kubwezeretsa monga polojekiti, TV, chosindikizira, mafoni zipangizo, etc.).

Koma mudziwe kwambiri wapamwamba, kwakukulukulu limafotokoza njira kulingalira, njira kuumba wa fano malo amodzi kapena zazikulu, kukula kwake (osati kusokonezedwa ndi kukula kwa wapamwamba), chiwerengero ndi kuya mitundu ndi mithunzi, ndi zina zotero.

Lingaliro la vekitala ndi raster zithunzi

Choyamba, tiyeni tikambirane zimene akamagwiritsa fano ntchito mwapadera mu kumvetsa mfundo za zithunzi. Ziyenera kukhala kusiyana pakati vekitala ndi bitmap zithunzi. Izi mitundu iwiri ndi maziko.

Vekitala zithunzi limalola zowonera wa chinthu zochokera kufotokoza masamu wa ya zinthu akaphatikiza amene amapanga fano, ndipo amatchedwa primitives. Awa ndi osavuta mfundo bwino kwa onse akadali pa sukulu. Izi mfundo mizere, zokhotakhota, mabwalo, polygons, etc.

The ntchito njira imeneyi amatha kulongosola chitsanzo masamu ya nambala amangosankha lalikulu la zinthu payekha popanda kwambiri kukula kukula kwa wapamwamba komaliza. Komanso, pali scalability kutchulidwa kwambiri kuti amalola kusintha kukula kwa aliyense amafotokozera munthu kapena lonse popanda imfa ya khalidwe la fano. Chotero aligorivimu ofotokoza abwino makamaka kwa zithunzi analenga pamanja Mwachitsanzo, ena zithunzi mkonzi. Zithunzi njira sichiri.

Raster zithunzi ikukhudza ntchito gululi wapadera wopangidwa mwa zinthu amakona anayi (pixels) a mitundu yosiyanasiyana, wotchedwa pixels. Apa, fano khalidwe anatsimikiza ndi kukula mauna (pixels zambiri m'litali ndi m'lifupi, kapena ntchito yawo kwathunthu, ndi bwino image), chiwerengero cha mitundu, ndi kuzama kwawo, Akutsatira mtundu gamut (mtundu danga) ndi chikalata (nambala ya pixels pa malo wagawo). Motero, njira imeneyi ndingathe kupirira zinthu cha kapangidwe iliyonse ndi kuwapempha chomwecho kusintha yosalala ku mtundu wina ndi mzake, kuti si alipo Zithunzi vekitala. Koma yosavuta chithunzi zambiri ndi lalikulu kwambiri kukula file ndi kuthekera kwa makulitsidwe yeniyeni yafupika pafupifupi ziro.

Mitundu yofala zithunzi likutipatsa

Tsopano yang'anani pa nokha file akamagwiritsa cha zithunzi ntchito makompyuta zambiri.

BMP - losavuta zosinthika, zochokera RGB mtundu chiwembu (wofiira, wobiriwira, buluu) ndi kukhala mwachilungamo ofooka psinjika aligorivimu popanda imfa quality. Ubwino sali, ngakhale owona lalikulu kwambiri.

Jpg (JPEG) - mtundu ambiri ntchito zambiri kwa sitolo zithunzi. Psinjika n'kofunika, koma khalidwe imfa ndi lalikulu kwambiri. Pambuyo chidule amphamvu kubwezeretsa deta choyambirira sangakhale, koma ngati inu kuchepetsa izo, kusiyana si noticeable, koma kukula file adzakhala laling'ono kwambiri.

PNG - mmodzi wa akamagwiritsa chidwi kwambiri, sipangakhalenso wothinikizidwa popanda kutaya chilichonse cha khalidwe. Wazojambula siligwirizana mtundu uwu (mofanana m'mbuyomo awiri), koma ntchito otchedwa Alpha njira iliyonse mapikiselo, mukhoza mwachindunji mlingo wa chilungamo, zomwe zimachititsa izo pang'ono ofanana ndi mtundu kutsatira zithunzi.

Gif - mtundu zothandiza makanema ojambula ndi ma aligorivimu amphamvu psinjika popanda imfa ya khalidwe. mwayi waukulu kuti inu mukhoza kulenga mndandanda wa zithunzi zomwe zili ndi mawu cyclical kapena kusintha kwa wina ndi mzake. Ngakhale ofooka akuya mtundu, makamaka ntchito "moyo" wallpaper smileys chamoyo ndi zidole.

TIFF - mtundu kuti nthawi zambiri ntchito ndi opanga akatswiri ukonde chifukwa chakuti kuti ali mkulu mtundu kuya (192 Akamva). Psinjika imagwiridwa popanda imfa, koma ntchito ndi mtundu opanda maphunziro apadera zovuta. Asakatuli zithunzi za mtundu uwu pafupifupi sizigwirizana.

ICO - mtundu chilengedwe chizindikiro chifukwa timatha kugwiritsa ntchito ochepa zojambula miyeso. Kumbali ya dongosolo, izo penapake amatikumbutsa BMP Komabe, mothandizidwa ndi gif ndi PNG mtundu wa options chilungamo.

EPS - mtundu mu mitundu iwiri: vekitala ndi raster zithunzi. Zimagwiritsa ntchito yofalitsa kapena chilengedwe cha zilembo ngati zina zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo chithunzi linanena bungwe PostScript.

PICT - Macintosh ndi mtundu ambiri. amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwanjira zosiyanasiyana kwagona kuti limodzi file fano akhoza muli vekitala ndi bitmap zithunzi, kulira, ndi kuzama iliyonse mtundu, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito njira pang'onopang'ono kwa RLE-psinjika.

PCX - mtundu kusunga zithunzi raster ndi kuya mtundu wa Akamva 24. Psinjika ndi kudya kwambiri, koma si oyenera kusintha kwa zithunzi zambiri, monga zithunzi.

Yaiwisi - chilengedwe mtundu ntchito zithunzi kudza mwachindunji kwa makamera yadigito. Za iye tikhoza kunena kuti izi ndi zopambana chithunzi mtundu. Iwo atha kutumikira ngati nkhani yaiwisi mu processing wa zithunzi komanso mawu. Komanso, thandizani pambuyo-deta amatipatsa kuthekera kwakukulu kwa ntchito processing ndi ma aligorivimu psinjika lossless kapena lossy mlingo uliwonse. Mtundu achindunji kwambiri ndipo amafuna ena kudziwa pamene wogwira naye ntchito.

Akamagwiritsa wa apadera zithunzi file mkonzi

Kuwonjezera pa mitundu muyezo akhoza kuwasiyanitsa payokha zithunzi akamagwiritsa ntchito akonzi apadera.

PDF - mtundu kuti akhoza muli malemba ndi fano deta. Zokha bungweli Adobe. mtundu Izi zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana psinjika aliyense amafotokozera ali file chandamale. Lero, ndi chilengedwe makamaka kwa zolembedwa luso mu mawonekedwe a pakompyuta.

CDR - vekitala mtundu likutipatsa mkonzi Corel kudzatunga. Pokonza ndi zotheka mu phukusili mapulogalamu. akonzi ena sagwirizana, koma mosavuta zimagulitsidwa ku akamagwiritsa ena.

AI - mtundu wa pulogalamu Adobe Illustrator, mothandizidwa ndi akonzi ena ambiri. Mbali yaikulu - fano apamwamba bata ndi ngakhale zonse ndi luso PostScript. Thiabendazole angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati mtundu wapakatikati kwa kutengerapo kwa wina ndi mzake.

PSD - yabwino chithunzi mtundu mapulogalamu phukusi Adobe Photoshop kwa kusintha zovuta zithunzi wapakatikati. Amalola zigawo ntchito ndi kusakaniza modes, koma ali kusamvana apamwamba poyerekeza akamagwiritsa ena. Monga mtundu komaliza chifukwa chopulumutsa owona ntchito mwapadera mu pulogalamuyi.

Chachikulu mtundu

Ngati ife kulankhula za processing wa zithunzi zazikulu mtundu, mukufuna kutenga nkhani mwatsatanetsatane mkulu, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito yaiwisi, TIFF kapena PSD.

Komabe, ambiri akatswiri chithunzi ndi mavidiyo makamera, ndi magulu a 20-25 M, mfundo zawo. Ambiri a iwo ndinazolowera mitundu yofala akamagwiritsa. Zonse zimadalira zikhazikiko za kamera yokha. N'chimodzimodzinso ndi mafoni zipangizo.

The mitundu ikuluikulu ya kanema ndipo makanema ojambula pamanja

Tsopano mwachidule mu video, chifukwa, nawonso mu lingaliro kutanthauziridwa monga chithunzi, kapena m'malo ya zithunzi alternating (mafelemu). Apa, kutithandiza kuona ndi chiwerengero cha mafelemu pa mphindi (FPS) ndi kukula chithunzichi pixels.

Poyamba, pa chiyambi cha digito kanema, anali odziwika avi mtundu, amene ntchito, ndi kutali, chifukwa ndi mtundu wa mankhwala a mudziwe kukonzedwa kapena wothinikizidwa njira zosiyana kwathunthu (codecs). Kusewera kumafuna decoder wapadera.

Patapita panali ngati akamagwiritsa odziwika bwino, monga Wmv, MPG, MKV, MP4, VOB, TS, ndi ena ambiri, yotsirizira tinganene kuti ngakhale ngati zithunzi mkulu-kusamvana wa akamagwiritsa TV, amene amalola kusewera owona ndi mfundo HD quality, Full HD (2k) kapena Chotambala HD (4k).

Koma makanema ojambula, tsopano wotchuka kwambiri ndi luso kung'anima. Poyambirira, inali chitukuko cha Macromedia, Inc. koma ndiye inagulidwa ndi Adobe ndipo kwambiri akweza. Mtundu owona awa - SWF. Ndi ntchito makamaka polenga makanema ojambula pamanja yaing'ono, makanema ojambula pamanja computer, mbendera kapena masewera wodzichepetsa.

kachitidwe Mobile

Ngati ife kulankhula za kachitidwe mafoni (mafoni ndi miyala yochokera Android, iOS, BlackBerry, etc.), ndi akamagwiritsa apadera chithunzi n'zochepa kwambiri. Kwenikweni, muyezo akamagwiritsa fano ndi makompyuta, ndi kanema. Komabe, palibe ya codecs ndi decoders mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mavidiyo sangathe idzaseweredwe. Choncho m'pofunika kuthetsa vuto la kusintha kwa zopangira mu mtundu wosiyana.

Mwachitsanzo, matelefoni ochiritsira kulandira kokha 3GP mtundu. Android kapena iOS amalangiza ntchito MP4. Koma ngati lonse sadziwa options.

Kusintha magawo zofunika zithunzi

Mwina onse bwino kuti kusintha ziyenera kuchitika ndi zochitika zapadera.

zikuluzikulu kwa resizing, kusinkhasinkha, atembenuza, skew, ndi ena angathe kuchitidwa ngakhale ambiri wosazindikira Utoto mkonzi M'gululi aliyense "OSes» Windows.

Koma ngati amafuna masitepe ovuta kuwamvetsa, mwachitsanzo, kusintha mtundu, machulukitsidwe, Mosiyana, kusintha, zigawo, unagawanika fano m'zigawo zosiyana, ndi zina zotero, inu kugwiritsa ntchito phukusi akatswiri monga pamwambapa monga Corel pogwiritsa kapena Adobe Photoshop.

Video kusintha ali zofunikira zake Mwachitsanzo, Vegas ovomereza. Kuwonjezera mbali muyezo angatsatire zotsatira wapadera, ndipo kachitidwe kayeseleledwe zimene zingathe kusintha kwa chisanadze anamanga chitsanzo masamu a fano lenileni la mtundu pokhala anajambula nkhondo Morpheus ndi Neo mu gawo loyamba la "The masanjidwewo."

mtundu Kutembenuka

Transformation (kutembenuka) wopangidwa mwa zida otchedwa converters. Imodzi mwa oimira olemekezeka - Xilisoft Video Converter, amene angathe kutembenuza ndi zithunzi, ndi makanema.

Pakuti zithunzi mukhoza kusankha Mwachitsanzo, ACDSee Ashampoo Photo Commander, Free Image Sinthani Ndipo musinthe kukula kapena chinachake. Lero, mapologalamu oterewa tingawapeze kwambiri.

Chinthu chokha chimene inu muyenera kulabadira ndi mtundu komaliza ndi imfa zotheka wa khalidwe (fano psinjika mtundu). Mukapeza chithunzi kapena kanema pa foni yanu kapena piritsi, izo sizidzakhala noticeable, koma pa gulu TV adzakhala kusiyana noticeable kwambiri.

Kodi mtundu wanji kusunga deta?

Photo pa kompyuta akhoza kusungidwa mu chilengedwe jpg-mtundu. Mukamaganizira iwo pa polojekiti kukhala momveka wapadera chofunika. Chinthu china, pamene mukufuna kusindikiza zithunzi. Apa ndi bwino ntchito choyambirira mtundu makamera.

Pomasulira mtundu wina ndi mzake kubwezeretsa "gwero malamulo" ndi zina sangathe, kotero kupereka owona ku situdiyo, maonekedwe awo koyamba sayenera kusinthidwa. Kupatulapo ngati muli anthu odziwa zofunika ndi kupanga kusintha nokha ntchito pulogalamu akatswiri.

Yemweyo amapita kanema. Izi zidalira pa mmene zingaonedwe pa chipangizo chilichonse.

Pomaliza

Image akamagwiritsa Pali zambiri ndiponso zosiyanasiyana, zingakhale zithunzi, ndi makanema. Nkhaniyi takambirana akamagwiritsa otchuka. Mafunso processing awo ndipo kusinthika, kusankha mapulogalamu, mtundu ntchito kusunga deta, etc., aliyense wosuta wasankha yokha.