ADSL - ndichiyani? Mfundo opareshoni, liwiro pazipita, ubwino ndi kuipa kwa luso ADSL

ADSL - luso ndi mwayi asymmetric Intaneti. Ndi amapanga asymmetric ndi dongosolo akhoza ntchito ndi pa liwiro la mankhwala, kufika mpaka 8 Mbit / s. ADSL-luso, amene masamu mlingo kufala kwa 1 Mbit / s, ukugwira ntchito pa mtunda pafupifupi 5 Km. Lero tiona mtundu wa mtundu mogwirizana ndi momwe ntchito.

Nkhani ya

Pamaso kuyankha funso: - ife muchiwone pang'ono deta mbiri "ADSL chimene icho chiri,?". Kwa nthawi yoyamba chilengedwe cha kugwirizana mkulu-liwiro akulankhula mu mochedwa '80s, pamene Internet ngakhale mu maonekedwe ake makono yekha Munthu akamakonda. Ntchito yake yaikulu mu 1989 anali bwino ndi wamakono wa luso deta kufala pa mkuwa mawaya telefoni. Analogi ndi digito kutembenuka analengedwa makamaka kwa kufala mofulumira zambiri pakati pa ntchito zosiyanasiyana zokambirana, masewera a owona video, komanso kupereka nthawi kupeza kutali kwa LAN ndi machitidwe ena maukonde.

Modern ADSL-luso: mfundo ntchito

Action maukonde zachokera digito wolembetsa mzere kuti njira telephony amapereka Intaneti. Koma foni mizere ntchito mbendera analogi mauthenga mawu. ADSL-kugwirizana lakonzedwa kuti mbendera analogi ndi anatembenukira kwa digito ndi kulitumiza ilo mwachindunji kompyuta. Pa nthawi yomweyo, mosiyana ndi kale lotha oyimba-mmwamba modems zipangizo ADSL ofotokoza sindikuganiza kuti ndigwire mzere telefoni ndi kulola kugwiritsa ntchito zizindikiro digito ndi analogi imodzi.

Akamanena za luso (asymmetric) ndi kuti wolembetsa amatenga ndalama yaikulu deta - magalimoto ukubwera, ndi palokha limapereka osachepera mudziwe - apamsewu pambuyo pake. Ngati ukubwera anatanthauza onse a okhutira: kanema komanso atolankhani owona, ofunsira, mapulogalamu, zithunzi zinthu. Atsikira amatumiza zofunika yekha luso nkhani - malamulo osiyanasiyana ndi mafunso, maimelo, ndi zinthu zina zazing'ono. The asymmetry ndi mlingo kuchokera maukonde kuti wolembetsa ndi kangapo apamwamba liwiro kwa wosuta.

Ubwino zofunika kwambiri wogwidwa ndi ADSL-luso ndi bajeti ake ndi dzuwa. chakuti dongosolo amagwiritsa yemweyo mawaya mkuwa telefoni. chiwerengero cha awiriawiri zopotoka mwa iwo, kumene, kwambiri kuposa chiwerengero cha zinthu zofanana mu modems chingwe. Koma nthawi yomweyo safuna kuti wamakono aliyense zida kusintha ndi kukhazikitsanso zovuta. ADSL chikugwirizana kudya ndi amakono mitundu ya modems ndi mwachilengedwe ntchito ndi sintha.

zida Kodi ntchito pankhani imeneyi?

Kuti luso ntchito, ntchito mitundu wapadera wa modems, amene amasiyana dongosolo lawo, kamangidwe, mtundu wa kugwirizana:

• PCI-modems (zipangizo kompyuta mkati).
• modems kunja ndi mtundu kugwirizana USB.
• Zipangizo ndi mtundu Efaneti mawonekedwe.
• Rauta, routers ndi Efaneti dera.
• Mitundu apadera modems (makampani chitetezo, mabungwe foni mizere).
• Rauta ndi mfundo mkati mwa mwayi Wi-Fi.

Zina zida: ziboda ndi microfilters

Tisaiwale kuti kugwirizana umenewu chida ngati ADSL-modemu, ziboda ndi microfilters chofunika. Zipangizo amasankhidwa molingana ndi mamangidwe a chingwe telefoni. Zimenezi pamene chingwe kubwereketsa wapangidwa (kapena angathe kuchitidwa) kupasuka njira modemu ndi telefoni ziboda ntchito. Mulimonsemo, mukufuna kugula microfilter, amene anaika iliyonse foni kuti alipo mu chipinda.

Ntchito yaikulu ya ziboda ndi kugawanitsa pafupipafupi - liwu (0,3-3,4 kHz) ndi ntchito mwachindunji ndi modemu (25 kHz-1.5 MHz). Ndipo mwa njira imeneyi anapereka ntchito munthawi yomweyo modemu ndi telefoni amene saletsa ndi mzake ndi saletsa. Ziboda ndi yaying'ono ndipo amayambitsa mavuto zosafunika. Kakang'ono bokosi ali okonzeka ndi malo atatu ndipo ali ndi kulemera otsika.

ADSL - ndichiyani? Ndondomeko polumikiza mkulu-liwiro Internet

1. Kusankha athandizi. Kugwiritsa ntchito njira imeneyi pa mphindi iliyonse WOPEREKA amapereka. losiyanasiyana ndi mitengo zingasiyane malingana ndi dera, komanso maluso luso kampani imene Kuphunzira zimakhala zochepa.
2. Purchase zida. Panopa, si koyenera kugula modemu, rauta, rauta, ziboda ndi microfilter. Posankha pangano polumikiza WOPEREKA limapereka kutenga zida zina zofunika kwa lendi, kuphatikizapo ADSL-modemu. Pambuyo pake, pamene kuthetsedwa kwa bukuli amagwanso zida. Mayiwo amalipira okha kugwirizana Internet. Modern Internet ADSL - ndichiyani? Izi mwamsanga, wotsika ndi apamwamba njira kulumikiza.
3. kutsegula akaunti. Pakuti aliyense chifukwa amatipatsa kasitomala nkhokwe, kutsegula zimene angachite kuti masiku 12. Komabe, nthawi zambiri ankangokhala zopezera nkhani za ndondomeko sikutanthauza maola ochepa. Pre-cheke WOPEREKA nambala ya foni kuti n'zotheka kugwirizana ADSL. Ngati njira sikokwanira kupeza malo, ndiye muzikhala ndi mkulu-liwiro Internet sizigwira ntchito.
4. Kukhazikitsa zida. Pa nthawi imeneyi, kugwirizana zipangizo kwa foni mzere ziboda ndi msonkhano yaying'ono, unsembe wa modemu madalaivala pa kompyuta, komanso naonetsere zoikamo maukonde wa modemu osatsegula intaneti.

zitumbuwa

Amene ali ndi ubwino ADSL-luso? Nawa ena mwa iwo:

• Mkulu liwiro kufala deta. ADSL amalola mosavuta kusamutsa owona za kukula kulikonse popanda kudikira nthawi yaitali. njira zonse zilibwino, ndi liwiro kuwonjezeka, kwambiri yowonjezera wolembetsa zinachitikira.
• Opanda zingwe kugwirizana. Ntchito ADSL-dongosolo, sipafunika kuwonjezera chingwe kuti foni, ndipo kwambiri zida. Kuchuluka zodalirika, khalidwe ndi magwiridwe a maukonde.
• No kulowelera pa mzere foni. ADSL-rauta ukugwira ntchito mode kumbali-yekha ndipo alibe kumabweretsa mavuto aliwonse foni. Kulira ndi mafunde malo pafupifupi akhoza kukhala mfulu kwathunthu.
• Wopitiriza Intaneti ADSL. Ndi chiyani icho? Izi zikutanthauza kuti pamene maukonde sudzapereka zolephera. luso sikutanthauza ndi reconnection. wosuta A accesses Intaneti zonse ndipo kungakhale Intaneti tsiku lonse ndi usiku.
• Kudalirika ndi kukhazikika. Pakali pano, ADSL ndi mtundu yodalirika ya Intaneti.
• Profitability. Mtengo wa kugwirizana ADSL ndi kukhazikitsa modemu ndi rauta ndi kochepa ndipo alibe kugunda bajeti.

zolakwa

1. Palibe chitetezo crosstalk. Ngati njira imodzi adzakhala olumikizidwa kwa makasitomala zingapo kudalira liwilo Sikuti. More olembetsa mu ADSL wina, m'munsi khalidwe la kufalitsa deta.
2. Kuipa ADSL-luso ngakhale ali, koma iwo ali ochepa. N'kuthekanso monga liwiro osachepera wolembetsa lapansi. The asymmetry wa ADSL ali ndi zoonekeratu zoipa - kuchokera wolembetsa kutengerapo file adzakhala yaitali ndi wovuta. Koma luso cholinga makamaka mwayi mwamsanga Internet kwa kukasambira. Komanso, mfundo kuchoka wosuta, amatenga malo pang'ono ndipo amafuna zinthu zambiri.

Voterani ndi zinthu zokhudza izo

ADSL ndi mkulu-liwiro Internet luso, koma mfundo chilengedwe ndi kachitidwe kulibe. Pakuti aliyense wolembetsa munthu ndi mlingo munthu limadalira ya zinthu. Kuphatikizapo ena mwa iwo zingakhudze kudalirika ndi khalidwe la zida. Choncho, kugwira ntchito yoika modems ndi routers odziŵa bwino.

Chifukwa chachikulu otsika liwiro ADSL-pawiri ndi khalidwe la wolembetsa mzere. Tikuyankhula zokhudza kukhala n'kudzandigunda kulithetsa, chikhalidwe chawo, m'mimba mwake ndi kutalika kwa waya. Attenuation ndi chotsatira chenicheni cha kutalika kwa wolembetsa mzere kuchuluka, ndipo akhoza kuchepa kusokonezedwa chifukwa cha kukula kwa m'mimba mwake waya. Standard ADSL-njira kutalika si upambana 5 Km - mulingo woyenera osiyanasiyana kwa HIV deta mkulu-liwiro.

makhalidwe liwiro

Poyerekeza ndi kugwirizana ena Internet, ADSL kwambiri Umapeza mu njira zamakono liwiro. Analogi modemu amapereka pazipita 56 kbit / s pamene ADSL mu masiku oyambirira a chikuoneka atalola kale popereka mauthenga pa liwiro mpaka 144 Kbit / s. ADSL-luso, liwiro pazipita amene Amayesetsanso ndi makhalidwe a modemu ndi angafikire 2048 Mbit / s, kuti konza kufala mfundo. mizere Intaneti kwambiri kumapangitsanso wosuta zinachitikira, kuchibweretsa icho malire, ngakhale muli kompyuta angapo chikugwirizana, mafoni, miyala ndi zipangizo zina.

ziyembekezo luso

Mwayi ndi chuma ADSL luso ali kutali ndi kutopa. Ngakhale mfundo ADSL2 ndi ADSL2 +, anayambitsa kumbuyo mu 2000 m'ma, akali chomveka ndi mwayi. Izo zoona, luso kokha kumene kungakupulumutseni lonse Intaneti mosalekeza ndi mapulogalamu mavuto, kotero mpikisano njira zina zambiri kulumikiza Intaneti.

Osachepera zida luso ndi lowonjezera ndi mitundu ya makono ya modems. Opanga chaka kubala zipangizo zatsopano lakonzedwa kuti ntchito yothandizira popanda kufunika yokonza ndi utumiki. Komanso, ADSL liwiro nthawi zonse kuwonjezeka ndipo si zochepa megabits. Polumikiza amakhala zogwirizana kwathu ndi ofesi ya kampani lonse ndi ambiri makasitomala kompyuta.

Pomaliza

Kotero, ife tinapeza kuti ADSL-luso, zimene cheni ake ndi mfundo ntchito. Monga mukuonera, ichi ndi chimodzi mwa njira zamakono anthu kuti pafupifupi samalephera pa ntchito (ngakhale chikugwirizana ndi makumi angapo owerenga maukonde). Pankhaniyi, sizikusoweka reconnection zonse ndi malire liwiro.