Yonena Mwachidule: Saltykov-Shchedrin INE

A pang'ono mbiri ya mabuku Russian pali wolemba amene molimbika ndi mwamphamvu kumukonda Saltykov-Shchedrin. m'nthawi yake anamutcha iye "wongonena" ndi ntchito zake - "Kutengeka chachilendo" kuti ndiribe kanthu kochita ndi chowonadi. Pakali pano, lero zilandiridwenso kudziwika satirist ndi cartoonist akhala mwatsopano ndi zogwirizana. Za kuti, mmene zinalili zovuta njira wolemba pa Olympus zolembalemba, likufotokoza za mbiri ya Saltykov-Shchedrin, mwachidule tikambirana chiyani m'nkhani ino.

achinyamata

Mihail Evgrafovich Saltykov - Russian wolemba, Munthu wa fuko lomveka, amene anabadwa mu 1826 m'mudzi waung'ono wa Spas-ngodya (chigawo Tver). mphunzitsi wake woyamba anali linga yosavuta, Paulo, kenako iwo anayamba wansembe ndi wophunzira wa Theological Academy. Mu zaka khumi, mnyamata imatumizidwa ku Moscow, bungwe lina la mfulu, ndipo patapita zaka ziwiri - mu Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum. N'kumene mbiri yake luso akuyamba.

Saltykov-Shchedrin mu Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum

Apa, mchikakamizo cha zilandiridwenso woyimba wamng'ono Mikhail Evgrafovich anayamba kulemba ndakatulo. Mu kalata yake pa mathero a Lyceum ulembedwa, pamodzi ndi sukulu ngati zosayenela, monga kusuta fodya ndi mwano, kulemba ntchito disapproving okhutira. Pakali pano, chiwerengero cha ndakatulo yake kale amasindikizidwa "Contemporary" magazini. Komabe, ndi Michael yekha saona talente a ndakatulo iyi, koma anakhala ndi chidwi mabuku kwambiri. Kuchokera nthawi imeneyi, ndi ananamizira olemba mbiri. Saltykov-Shchedrin amadziwika.

kutchuka

Kumapeto kwa Lyceum, wolemba m'tsogolo anasankha kutumikira mu ofesi asilikali. Iye chidwi mabuku French ndipo anayamba kulemba bibliographical, amene lofalitsidwa mu "Mfundo za Lathu". zaka 4 pambuyo pa mapeto a Lyceum, mu 1848, iye analemba buku "A Lonse kumva." ntchito ikusonyeza kuti maganizo wolemba kwa serfdom ndi tikamapita ku chizolowezi. Izi tiganizira za tsogolo la Russia akhoza kupita padera ngati anali chinachitikira ndi French kuukira boma. Mu chaka chomwecho wolemba kupita ku Vyatka, komwe kudzatenga zaka 7 za moyo wake zigawo.

Saltykov-Shchedrin mu Vyatka

Pa wolemba utumiki Vyatka ena kudziŵika kwambiri. Iye anatumikira zachipembedzo wapolisi ku mabungwe a boma. Nthawiyi, moyo zigawo mu nthawi ino watsegula kwa Saltykov kudziwana mbali zonse mdima kuli anthu wamba. Pamene anali ku Vyatka Michael Evgrafovich analemba "Provincial Essays" ndi "A History Mwachidule la Russia". Apa iye Wopeza mkazi, ndipo mu 1855 iye analola kusiya Vyatka.

ntchito mabuku zaka zomalizira za moyo wake

Mu 1856, Saltykov anatumizidwa ku chigawo Tver, ndipo mu 1860 aikidwa pa udindo wa wachiwiri-bwanamkubwa wa Tver. Akupitiriza yonena wake zolembalemba. Saltykov-Shchedrin pa nthawi ino analemba kwambiri, lofalitsidwa mu magazini otchuka. Ndipo mu 1863, akapuma, anasamukira ku St. Petersburg ndipo anakhala mmodzi wa akonzi a "Contemporary". Mu zaka wake womaliza kulemba nkhani yochepa ndi nthano, kuyesera mwa nthabwala ndi Zotengera kuuza owerenga mzimu wa ufulu ndi ufulu. Mu 1889, Mikhail Saltykov-Shchedrin, amene yonena ndi zogwirizana kwambiri ndi tsoka la anthu akufa atadwala nthawi yaitali.