Thovu kwa kutchinjiriza. Makhalidwe, kukula, mtengo

Gasi odzazidwa pulasitiki, kuimira zinthu kunja kwa maselo thovu, a kalasi ya foams. Malinga ndi sayansi ya ulimi ndi ntchito polima, kwa kalasi monga mitundu yambiri ya zipangizo kuti ali ndi madera osiyana a ntchito. Onsewo ali ndi katundu zokutira zitsulo ndiponso si poizoni. Wotchuka kutsogolo thovu kwa kutchinjiriza PSB-S-25 likukwaniritsa zofunikira ukhondo ndi zifukwa konsekonse chifukwa cha mtundu uliwonse wa pulasitala.

mwachidule

Ndi kukula ndalama mphamvu vuto mwamsanga ndi kuteteza walling malo ndi mwangozi amasulidwe kutentha kunja. The kachulukidwe otsika nkhani thovu amapereka mkulu matenthedwe kutchinjiriza ntchito. Choncho wapakamwa kutchinjiriza thovu ndi njira zotsogola kwa mphamvu zopulumutsa. Ngakhale kuti si malo okha a nkhaniyi.

Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito:

• Zotengera filler zipinda, kuwapanga unsinkable;
• mu kupanga zamphepo moyo, buoys ndi zoyandama;
• monga chuma kwa kupanga utoto zachipatala, amene ntchito kanyamulidwe ziwalo mwiniwake;
• monga kuteteza katundu osalimba;
• monga insulator matenthedwe mu refrigerators ndi zipangizo zina zapakhomo.

mitundu ya kutchinjiriza matenthedwe

Pali kuwirikiza kawiri, malangizo alionse si anatsimikizira kuti kutentha imfa kudzera makoma mpaka 40% kupyoza denga - 25%. Choncho, kudzapeza kuteteza katundu kutentha imfa kudzera kutchinjiriza ndi zotheka makoma.

Sankhani chipinda ku ingress wa Madzi ndi mpweya ozizira utuluke m'njira ziwiri: kunja ndi mkati. Akukhulupirira kuti kuteteza khoma kuzizira pokhalabe m'dera mkati mwa nyumba mungathe, pamene kutchinjiriza kunja. Ndipo mwayi wina wa wapakamwa wa nyumba kuteteza - n'chakuti pakati pa kutchinjiriza mkati ndi kuthandiza khoma aumbike zone condensation. Izi ndi malo abwino kwa kukula kwa nkhungu ndi cinoni. Ndipo izo kutetezedwa ku ndilinga akuzisunga kutentha yaitali si utakhazikika.

Ngakhale pali milandu, mwachitsanzo mu nkhani ya kukongola nyumba yokongola kapena pamalo kutsinde pamene chithovu kutchinjiriza kunja ndi mwaukadaulo zosatheka. Ndiye ntchito kudziletsa chitetezo makoma. Kuwonjezera chithovu, omanga ntchito zipangizo zina.

mitundu ya zipangizo

Popular kutchinjiriza: mchere ubweya, kukodzedwa polystyrene ndi polyurethane thovu. Maminolo ubweya yakwera yekha pa chimango ndi zitsulo, kenako ayenera sheathing gypsum matabwa, zambali kapena zinthu zina kuwamaliza. Polyurethane thovu ali ndi mwayi zosatha onena za njira yaotomatiki, ndi kutsitsi. Pamene zinthu chimadzaza mng'alu mu chimango, chimene chinapanga ❖ kuyanika monolithic. Komabe, kuteteza makoma m'njira ndalama zoposa chithovu ntchito kutchinjiriza.

Polystyrene thovu analengedwa mu njira ziwiri, limene pali bespressovanny ndi compacts. Chizindikiritso cha PS-1 zikutanthauza kuti thovu matailosi atolankhani kupanga, ndi PSB-S - mfundo ndi luso kudziletsa wozimitsa. Ndiko kupanga ake ntchito polystyrene ndi kuchepetsedwa flammability.

makhalidwe Mkhalidwe

Wapakamwa kutchinjiriza thovu akuyamba ndi kusankha nkhani. Makhalidwe zazikulu zimene ayenera kudziwa, akugula chotenthetsera - ndi kukula kwa mbale, kachulukidwe ndi makulidwe. Malinga GOST 15588-86 mwadzina miyeso slabs kungakhale:

• makulidwe 10 mm increments: 20-500 mamilimita;
• m'litali increments wa 50 mm 900-5000 mamilimita;
• m'lifupi mwa increments wa 50 mm 500-1300 mm.

Koma amalola pangano isanafike kubala matabwa zamitundu sanali muyezo. Matabwa a thovu opangidwa ndi zotsatirazi zizindikiro kachulukidwe: 15, 25, 35 ndi 50 makilogalamu / mamita ^3. Ikuluikulu index ichi, mphamvu zakuthupi ndi pansi umatha kuyamwa chinyontho. Mapepala ndi osalimba 35 makilogalamu / M3 50 mm wandiweyani N'chimodzimodzinso katundu wawo physicochemical zakuthupi ndi osalimba wa makilogalamu 25 / ^M3 ndi makulidwe a 100 mm. Komabe, mtengo wa thovu ndi apamwamba, ndi apamwamba osalimba a kutchinjiriza.

Kuti musankhe makulidwe enieni kutchinjiriza n'kofunika kuganizira zinthu zingapo ndipo kupanga mawerengedwe yosavuta.

Kusankha makulidwe zolondola zakuthupi

The makulidwe a kutchinjiriza amadalira kutentha kutengerapo kukana zolimbana kunja makoma, amene ali mosalekeza mabacteria osiyana nyengo, ndi makulidwe a malinga a chuma nyumbayi.

Mwachitsanzo, osachepera kololeka matenthedwe kukana mpanda wa St. Petersburg ndi 3,08 mamita ² * K / V. Pali njerwa nyumba, amene mipanda anamanga chimodzi ndi theka ceramic njerwa dzenje. Kutentha kukana zimenezo panoyi 1,06 mamita ² × R / W. Muyenera kudziwa mmene wandiweyani kutenga thovu kwa kutchinjiriza.

Kuti tikwaniritse mtengo 3,08 kuti tipeze kusiyana pakati pa kukana matenthedwe ndi malamulo alipo: 3,08-1,06 = 2,02 mamita ² × R / W. Ndiko kuti, mtengo adzakhala wodziwika, amene ayenera thovu. Kutchinjiriza DPM 25 wapamwamba ali madutsidwe matenthedwe (malinga ndi GOST) 0.039 W / (m · K).

Yachokera pa chilinganizo chimene kulimbikira matenthedwe ndi makulidwe makamaka a wosanjikiza pa za madutsidwe matenthedwe cha chuma, tili :. 2.02 * 0.039 = 0.078 mamita Pankhaniyi, chithovu ayenera kupeza DPM 25 80 mamilimita wandiweyani. Ndi mawerengedwe Sikuti kuganizira kukana matenthedwe wa pulasitala wosanjikiza, amene ali mkati ndi kunja kwa nyumbayo. Choncho, kwenikweni zofunikira thovu makulidwe adzakhala zosakwana 80 mm.

Kodi wina angathe insulated ndi thovu?

Chifukwa cha koyefishienti otsika mayamwidwe madzi zakuthupi kawirikawiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'madera chinyezi. Mapepala thovu kugona dongosolo maziko, ntchito yomanga nyumba bezpodvalnyh.

Ndi bwino kuyala zisa chotenthetsera mu gawo yopingasa ndi ofukula pofuna kupewa yozizira koopsa kwa maziko a nyumba. Pamene phokoso kutchinjiriza thovu angakhoze kuikidwa mu chidude khoma pakati pa zipinda. Pakuti kutchinjiriza matenthedwe wa simenti, makonde, loggias ndi ntchito styrofoam. Kuwonjezera kuteteza nyumba tisataye kutentha, chuma ntchito mu kachitidwe refrigeration.

Mtengo wa thovu pulasitiki

gawo limeneli limafotokoza mtengo wa kutchinjiriza kalasi ya thovu pa November 2015 mitengo.

Kukodzedwa polystyrene chopangidwa ndi extrusion, wotchedwa PENOPLEKS. matabwa Awa cholimba kuposa thovu, ndipo mtengo ndi apamwamba kwambiri. Mtengo wa mbale wina (1200h600h50 mm) ndi 183 rubles, zochokera 1 mita ³ ndi 5080 rubles.

Pa Intaneti kugulitsa heaters ngati dzina wamba mankhwala monga thovu 50 mm. Izi ochiritsira pepala chuma ndi miyeso 1000h2000 mm. Mtengo wa mbale wina - 180 rubles. Tsopano poyerekeza Penoplex limasonyeza kuti ochiritsira kyubu thovu 50 mm wandiweyani, mtengo 1800 rubles, ichi ndi 3200 rubles mtengo extruded polystyrene.

Kotero, kyubu wa thovu kuposa masiku, malingana ndi osalimba, m'pofunika:

• PSB-C15 - 2160 rubles;
• PSB-C25 - 2850 rubles;
• PSB-C35 - 4479 rubles;
• PSB-C50 - 6699 rubles.

Nthano za thovu kwa kutchinjiriza wa zoipa

Woyamba chikugwirizana ndi Kutulukira "malinga kupuma" anayambitsa mawu. Pali maganizo amene chithovu kutchinjiriza katundu amachepetsa malowedwe a nthunzi ya madzi, potero chatsika microclimate anapanga ndi mkulu chinyezi m'nyumba. nyumbayi si mawu akuti "kupuma khoma", ndi mitsinje ya nthunzi ya madzi, amene kwenikweni zimafala pakati pa msewu ndi nyumba khoma waung'ono kwambiri. Mapangidwe nkhungu ndi cinoni mu chipinda pambuyo thovu kutchinjiriza a mpanda - chifukwa cha mpweya osauka.

Mfundo yachiwiri - ndi zachilengedwe wochezeka zakuthupi. Kukodzedwa polystyrene amatanthauza zipangizo popanda mankhwala zoipa. Amakhala 98% mpweya, ndi 2% polystyrene. Iye alibe mpweya wa poizoni ndipo angagwiritsidwe pansi 100% magwiritsidwe. Opaleshoni kutentha: -200 ... + 80 madigiri. Koma EPS poyera kuti acetone, benzene, kotero posankha mitundu kwa kumaliza kwa wapakamwa ayenera kuganizira mfundo imeneyi.