26 April 1986 pa Chernobyl nyukiliya magetsi kuphulika, amene anapita mu mbiri monga mmodzi wa ngozi zoopsa za mtundu wake. Chifukwa cha chilengedwe ali maulendo 10 nyukiliya kuposa atagwa bomba la atomiki pa Hiroshima.
Kuphulika zinachititsa kutulutsidwa mu mpweya nyukiliya gasi amene Zafalikira Central ndi Kumwera kwa Ulaya. Mu anthu sate wani anafa pa ngozi, ndiponso kuchuluka kwa anthu amene anakhudzidwa cheza kukhudzana ndi ovuta kuchuluka. About 350,000 okhala zinakakamizika kuthaŵa m'nyumba zawo zoni kupatulana - mudera 30 kilometre padziko chomera. M'matauni koipa anakhudzidwa anali Pripyat, zimene zatsalira m'chipululu lero. zithunzi zinthu zosonyeza momwe mzinda ankawoneka ngati mu 2016.
Chifukwa ngoziyi inkachitika
Kuphulika zinachitika pa zifukwa ziwiri. Vuto lalikulu linali chakuti pomanga wa amagetsi anali zolakwika. American wasayansi Nobel Hans Bethe amanenela ndi "anamanga-Kusakhazikika."
Pa nthawi ya ngozi imene anali anayi mphamvu riyakitala mphamvu mphamvu MW 1,000. The chachisanu adali ntchito.
Limodzi mwa mavuto ambiri - ndi Kapangidwe ka riyakitala containment. Linamangidwa kwathunthu konkire ndipo amayenera analimbitsa ndi zitsulo.
Chifukwa mwamsanga kuphulika anali analephera magetsi kuyesera.
Akatswiri ankafuna kuti awone ngati angapeze magetsi ku magudumu a chopangira mphamvu, mathanki ali wazimitsa, koma chopangira mphamvu akadali ikugwira ntchito mwa inertia.
Pofuna kuchita zimenezo, akatswiri anafunika zimitsani ulamuliro basi wa chitetezo magetsi, komanso kwambiri wa ndodo kulamulira siteshoni, amene kuyamwa neutrons ndi kuchepetsa anachita.
vuto ndi akatswiri a achepetsa mphamvu mlingo wa riyakitala ndi mothamanga.
cholakwa amapha zinachititsa kuti mndandanda wa zochita zina zoipa ndipo potsiriza pake yaikulu mankhwala kuphulika.
m'dera kapadera
Kutentha zitsulo zotayana mu mlengalenga, kuchititsa moto pamene tidakocheza. Chifukwa cheza chakupha ya Chernobyl m'dera anatchedwa malo oletsedwa kudzacheza.
Pripyat mudzi, wapafupi nyukiliya magetsi, linadzazidwa makamaka ogwira ntchito mphamvu ndi mabanja awo.
Tsiku pambuyo kuphulika pa April 27, anthu anapatsidwa nthawi pang'ono kusonkhanitsa zinthu zonse.
Kodi Tingaone mu mzinda lero
Kuti akalowe mu mzinda lero, alendo ayenera kudutsa cheke chitetezo ndi kupeza chilolezo ndiponso chiongoko.
Mkati nyumba iwe ukhoza kuwona ana masks mpweya makulidwe.
Odula manja a Soviet Union anakhalabe pamwamba pa munthu anasiya nyumba nyumba Pripyat.
Anthu amakhala oopsa kwa moyo m'gawo la Chernobyl, koma cheza cha sikusokoneza nyama, zomwe tsopano ikupita pafupi itawonongedwa malo.
Nyukiliya madzi, dothi ndi mpweya adakali bwanji anthu amene amayandikira kwa zone kupatulana.
The Greenpeace masamu kuti okwana ku matenda mwachindunji chifukwa cha ngozi pa Chernobyl mphamvu za nyukiliya zomera mwina anamwalira pakati pa 100 ndi 400 zikwi anthu.