Pavlovsk - St Petersburg - momwe ndingayendere m'sitima

Ili pafupi ndi mzinda-ngwazi wa St. Petersburg Pavlovsk - mbali ya mbiri ya ku likulu la kumpoto. oimira ambiri Russian lachifumu mafumu ankakhala izo. Tsarskoye Selo, Pavlovsk, Saint-Petersburg - Photos mizindayi lodziwika bwino ndi kuperekedwa pa tsamba. Mbiri yawo kunayamba m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chiwiri. Ndipo tsopano m'dera wakunja kwatawuni likulu kumpoto izo ndi mapulani yachifumu ndi paki zovuta, Museum-Reserve "Pavlovsk". St. Petersburg amagwirizana ndi m'nyumbayi ntchito olowa m'dziko la cholowa chikhalidwe cha Russia. Likulu zovuta ndi Pavlovsk Palace, akale yotentha okhala Mfumu Paulo I.

Pavlovsk, mbiri ya mzinda

City Pavlovsk Saint Petersburg mapasinjala chabe makilomita angapo Tsarskoye Selo, malo ozungulira lathyathyathya, ndi mapiri ang'onoang'ono kugudubuzika. Pakati pa mapiri kugona nyanja, m'dera la nkhalango osafikiridwa kukula. Slavyanka Mtsinje, amene amalowa Neva, anali kutsutsana zina mokomera bookmarks mzinda, mu masiku amenewo madzi mtsinje zinali zoyera ndi abwino kwa zosowa za anthu. Choncho malo anasankhidwa kumanga mzinda wa Pavlovsk. St. Petersburg - mu umunthu wa wolamulira wamkulu - ntchitoyi, ndipo kumangako kunayambika.

Pavlovskaya Sloboda inamangidwa ndi misewu yolunjika ndi asezare lyudom ogwira, atumiki, amisiri ndi anthu wamba - anthu onse, pafupifupi 300 anthu mbali zonse za Slavyanka. Palinso wamangapo mwala mpingo wa St. Mary, sukulu ufulu ana ndi lalikulu khola pabwalo.

zowoneka

Paulo linga, wotchuka mpanda, ndi mpanda wolimba kwambiri dilapidated kuyambira nkhondo ndi asilikali a Sweden, ndikubwezeretsedwanso ndi Paulo Ine kwa usilikali wa asilikari ankhondo, amene pa malo ndi moyo. Panalinso asilikali m'chipindacho. Ine ndinali mu Pavlovsk ndi kunyumba kwa olumala m'madzi Corps la Russia ndi mipando 30, amene amadziwa malinga ndi lamulo lachifumu.

Iye ankagwira ntchito kuchipatala chikondi kwa anthu wamba 26 mabedi - pa akazi ndi amuna, ndi ufulu mankhwala. Ndipo potsiriza, chipatala cha asilikali ntchito ndi mipando 40, amene nthawi zonse anapita Paulo I.

Izi unali mzinda wa m'chigawo Pavlovsk, Saint-Petersburg mu mochedwa 18 m'ma TH, mu ulamuliro wa Prince Paulo Petrovich.

mapulani

Palace ndi Park gulu loyimba "Pavlovsk" inamangidwa kumayambiriro kwa zaka 18 ndi 19, ndipo tsopano ndi imodzi mwa m'mapaki yaikulu malo mu Europe. Pavlovsk yachifumu ndi pafupi paki zovuta zinamangidwa m'zaka 50 pomanga nawo mapulani a mibadwo itatu: Carlo Rossi, ndi Russian wamanga chiyambi Italy, Dzhakomo Kvarengi, wazomangamanga Italy, wotsatira wa kalembedwe Palladian a zomangamanga, Vincenzo Brenna, Italy wa zojambulajambula chokongoletsera kamangidwe, Scottish wamanga Charles Cameron ndi Andrew Voronikhin, Russian wamanga, wotsatira wa classicism, m'modzi wa omwe adayambitsa wa Russian Ufumu.

kapangidwe

Conservation Park Pavlovsk anali anatambasula mu chigwa cha Slavyanka mtsinje, pa magombe ace onse m'dera la mahekitala 600. Pavlovsk malo ndi mbali zisanu:

• Chapakati District.
• "Great Star".
• Mozungulira "Old Sylvia."
• "New Sylvia", chigawo oyandikana.
• "Mwambo Field".
• "New birch."

magawo a zomangamanga

Gawo loyamba la ntchito yomanga nyumba ya paki inayamba mu 1782 pansi pa mothandizidwa ndi wamanga Charles Cameron m'malo mwa zipinda matabwa Paullust. Poyamba, nyumba ndi ochiritsira wolemekezeka minda ndi nyumba za cholinga zachuma ndi paki zazing'ono. Komabe, Paulo Ine, umene zoona, anamanga zovuta yachifumu, wazomangamanga sanagwirizane ndi Cameron za mmene paki ndipo nyumba yachifumu idzawonongedwa, mfumu tsogolo ankafuna miyeso chinanso. Ndipo Cameron, pambuyo milandu yambiri ndipo ngakhale kukangana ndi wolowa ku Mpandowachifumu kusintha njira zake ndi kukuza m'dera la zomangamanga. Chakumapeto kwa chaka cha 1782 wapirira nyumba yaikulu ya nyumba yachifumu anali atamaliza tambirimbiri mbali.

Baibulo chomaliza cha m'nyumba ya mfumu

Chikadzangotha coronation wa Paulo Ine kwa ulamuliro (mu 1796) kumene anapanga mfumu inalamula angasokoneze kwambiri yotentha awo yachifumu, kudzapeza malo ake ndi kuikamo madera ozungulira malinga atsopano mafashoni European. Kuyang'anira ntchito ya kusinthidwa anapatsidwa wamanga Vincenzo Brenna. Pa zaka zinayi Pavlovsky yachifumu kwathunthu adzamangidwenso.

The nyumba yatsopano linaikidwa pa chancery wachifumu, ndi dongosolo lake loyamba la Mfumu Ufumuyo m'mudzi wapafupi wa Pavlovsk - Fedorovsky Posad, Tyarlevo, Red Village ndi Lipica ndi dziko ndi anthu wamba. mzinda analandira lamulo lachifumu la boma mzinda, lotsogoledwa ndi woyang'anira wamkulu. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, nyumba anayamba phwando olemera ndi mipira. Komabe, mfumu chiyani sakwanitsa kukhala pa dzinja ake okhala, March 12, 1801 anaphedwa ndi achiwembu.

Pavlovsk Paulo I

Atafa Mfumu Paulo Ine , mkazi wake Maria Feodorovna anakhala mu Pavlovsk. Pa zaka 27 za ulamuliro wake wa mzinda paki, makamaka Palace botanical munda, anakafika pachimake kale lonse. Pamene Mfumukazi anafa 1828, Pavlovsk unatha nyumba yachifumu. mzinda chasanduka mu fiefdom wa m'bale wam'ng'onoyo Nicholas Ine, Duke Mikhail Pavlovich, amene Radel kwa kutukuka kwa Pavlovsk Tinkagawa ziwembu za dziko kuzungulira mzindawo omanga kumpanda, zambiri zosonyeza kuti kusintha kwa misewu. Pamene Mikhail Petrovich anaonekera chikondi ndi ana amasiye ufulu sukulu.

njanji

City Pavlovsk ndi Tsarskoye Selo mu 1836 anagwirizana woyamba Russian sitima kutalika makilomita ochepa chabe, koma mtengo wake unali wosaiwalika. Choyamba "chidutswa cha chitsulo" anali kavalo okokedwa ndi atangomezedwa anayamba kupita sitima. Maulendo anali zosangalatsa ndi ufulu. Pakuti sitima anamanga Pavlovsk Station chomwe pambuyo inasanduka bwaloli nyimbo ndipo wakhala malo zoimbaimba dziko kalasi. Ankaphunzira maestro Iogann Shtraus. Njanji kumanga, ndipo m'dzinja 1837 sitima wabweretsa okwera ku St. Petersburg.

St. Petersburg - Pavlovsk, kapena Pavlovsk - St. Petersburg ... bwanji kumeneko? funsoli mwamsanga anataya kufunika kwake mkubwela kwa sitima ya. City okhala ndi tsars Russian pang'onopang'ono inasanduka mumzinda yapamwamba kwa anthu m'chilimwe cha St. Petersburg. Mu nthawi yochepa khama la Duke Mikhail Pavlovich anaonekera mu mzinda: zisudzo, nyengo Observatory, luso zomera ndi laibulale.

Mu 1902, iye anamangidwa mzere wina sitima, pa Vindava Rybinsk malangizo, umene unachitika pa Tsarskoye Selo mu njanji kuti Tyarlevo ndi ku Tyarlevo kuti St. Petersburg. Posachedwapa pafupifupi onse Petersburg anzeru anayamba kupita ndi kuona Pavlovsk ndi mtengo zing'onozing'ono pa magombe a Slavyanka. Mu 1874, boma la mzinda Chatuluka 323 zilolezo zoti amangire nyumba tchuthi.

Pavlovsk Palace: Kuwerengera ntchito yomanga

Yomanga inayamba pa May 25, 1782, pamene mwala maziko chinaikidwa pa yachifumu.

• Chaka 1783 - anamaliza kumanga nyumba zazikulu.
• Chaka 1785 - nsanja anamanga zomera nyumba ndi ntchito ofesi.
• Chaka 1787 - anamaliza chokongoletsera zonse zipinda lamkati la nyumba yachifumu.
• Chaka 1796 - ndi coronation wa Paulo Ine, ntchito yokonza nyumba ya Mfumu phwando.
• Chaka 1800 - nyumba yachifumu kwathunthu adzamangidwenso.
• Chaka 1801 - kupha Sitefano Paulo Ine chifukwa cha chiwembu ndale.
• Chaka 1803 - moto umene unawononga mbali ya yachifumu.
• Chaka 1805 - kumapeto kwa ntchito yobwezeretsa pambuyo moto.
• Chaka 1808 - chilengedwe wamanga Voronikhin mwaluso wa ulemerero mkati amatchedwa "ofesi-nyali", theka-rotunda mzikiti, chokongoletsedwa ndi caryatids ndi ziboliboli Demut-Malinovsky.
• Chaka 1824 - anamaliza kumanga wa Pavlovsk Palace Library.
• Chaka 1872 - pakati pa bwalo la kukhomo ndi chipilala-achikumbutso "Paulo Ine".
• Zaka 1942 - 1944 - paki ndi nyumba zovuta Pavlovsk St. Petersburg m'dera anali kwambiri kuonongeka ndi kuukira German mpweya, ndi nyumba yachifumu chinaikidwa pa moto ndi Anazi m'kati mwa mthunzi awo.
• 1957 - ikuchitika pambuyo nkhondo kubwezeretsa mbali ya zovuta, ndipo anatsegula maholo osiyana la nyumba kwa anthu.
• 1978 - maphunziro kubwezeretsedwa kwathunthu yachifumu, ndi mapulani zovuta "Pavlovsk" anali kupereka kwa Order "baji Ulemu".
• Chaka 1983 - nyumba yachifumu ndi paki zovuta "Pavlovsk" analandira udindo wa m'nyumbayi-otetezedwa.

Panopa anakhazikitsa uthenga Pavlovsk - St Petersburg sitima Tsikulo lidzafika pa Vitebsk Station. N'zosiyana n'zothekanso kusiya sitima. Kuchokera apo, pa forecourt, mukhoza kupita kulikonse basi kapena takisi. Koma Pavlovsk - St Petersburg sitima - kwambiri angakwanitse ndi odalirika mode zoyendera. Ndi chabe oyima pang'ono, pafupifupi mofulumira.

Pavlovsk - St Petersburg: bwanji kuti

Ku St. Petersburg kuti Pavlovsk kapena, Tikawonetsetsa ku Pavlovsk ku St. Petersburg akhoza anafika pa theka la ola pa zoyendera iliyonse - sitima ku Vitebsk Station kapena basi chiwerengero 479 kuchoka pasiteshoni okwerera sitima "Star".

Ndandanda wa sitima (Saint-Petersburg - Pavlovsk)

• Pa masiku ntchito: 06-05, 07-17, 07-55, 09-40.
• Daily: 12-15, 13-20, 17-40, 19-00, 00-30.
• Kumapeto kwa mlungu: 10-15, 10-55.

zotsatirazi okwerera:

• St. Petersburg.
• Borova
• Chiyembekezo Omveka.
• Kupchino.
• Shushary,
• Sitima Museum.
• A. N. Makilomita 21.
• Tsarskoye Selo.
• Pavlovsk.

Ndandanda wa sitima (Pavlovsk - St Petersburg)

• Pa masiku ntchito: 07-20, 07-41, 08-20, 14-40, 17-00.
• Daily: 12-00, 16-19, 18-30.
• Kumapeto kwa mlungu: 05-27, 15-45.

zotsatirazi okwerera:

• Pavlovsk.
• Tsarskoye Selo.
• A. N. Makilomita 21.
• Sitima Museum.
• Shushary.
• Kupchino.
• Chiyembekezo Omveka.
• Borova.
• St. Petersburg.

Russia, Saint-Petersburg, Pavlovsk

maina awa atatu ndi ophatikizidwa pamodzi zaka mazana awiri ndi makumi asanu zapitazo, mbiri yawo pamodzi. Panopa Pavlovsk ndi dziko kalasi owonetsera zakale-malo, ndi ngwazi-mzinda wa St. Petersburg - ndi lodziwika bwino Russian mzinda. Ndipo Russia palokha - ndi dziko lalikulu!