Panjinga nipple: zoyimira ndi chipangizo. Kodi kumanga njinga nipple

Mawu akuti "reinventing gudumu" ndi chinenero cha Chirasha apamtima zoipa ndipo ndi zosafunika malonda ntchito, complicating moyo. A njinga zamakono - chipangizo zina zamakono mankhwala, kamangidwe zimapezekanso kwambiri za zinthu zimene kupanga ulemu wa munthu m'maganizo ndi zomangamanga talente. Panjinga nipple - chipangizo chimene chinayamba ndi gawo la mbiri magalimoto. Galimoto yoyamba ndi njinga unali ndi mawilo mphira.

Basi loyamba

Mmodzi vetenale John Boyd Dunlop analandira, Scotland ndi kubadwa, amene ankakhala mu Ireland, anati mu 1887, pamene mwana wake atakwera wake tricycle mawilo zitsulo pa miyala yopangira lapansi. Iye anabwera ndi lingaliro kuchepetsa mwankhanza kugwedezeka, zomwe iye anamverera, kusinthasintha kwa mawilo zotanuka chubu, amawapopa ndi mpweya. Chimake choyamba gudumu ndi tayala anali matabwa, glued ndi m'matumbo chimbale (ngati Bovine, kapena porcine - anakhudzidwa ntchito yake). Kenako bwino kwambiri anali mwiniwake wa chubu mphira.

Anakokomeza tayala, iye anatulukira adaputala ndi woonda mphira chubu, omwe akuwasunga mpweya tayala, masewero kapena kuthetsa yokha valavu. Kumangidwa kwa kulumikiza zosakhalitsa ndi mpope ambiri akhala ntchito kwa kupanga matayala njinga, amene ananyamula fakitale yaing'ono, bungwe ndi aluso vetenale m'bale wake. Dunlop analandira panjinga nipple, pamodzi ndi lingaliro la matayala labala, lakhala likugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi automakers, kupanga dzina lake otchuka pakati ziziyenda.

Origin akuti

Mawu "pini" anapangidwa kuchokera English nipple (nipple) ndipo umaimira wapadera wa chitoliro, zambiri zili ndi valavu, kwa kugwirizana kwa ngalande, kapena - mu nkhani ya njinga kapena galimoto mawilo - ndi mphira chikhodzodzo kapena tayala. Mu English, izi mamangidwe Mbali chimatchedwa valavu - valavu. Panjinga nipple - kumakhalanso mtedza wapadera kuti secures masipoko ndipo gudumu felemu.

Nipple, dzina lake Dunlop analandira, limatchedwa English kapena Woods valavu, pambuyo zatsopano ake, amene anapanga patsogolo awo - ichi ndi mamangidwe omwe anagwiritsidwa ntchito pa njinga kwa nthawi yaitali kwambiri, makamaka pa njinga tsiku ndi tsiku cholinga ndi otsika mtengo gulu. Lero, ndi valavu tayala ndi m'chipani. More zitsanzo zaposachedwapa akhala okonzeka ndi valavu galimoto dzina la zatsopano ake - August Schrader. Kenako, panali wapadera nipple njinga anagona ndi msewu magalimoto kwambiri opepuka poyerekeza ndi msewu, wotchedwa valavu Perst (Presta vavu).

nipple Dunlop analandira

The polowera kutsegula mu felemu lija, mu malo kumene glued mu chakale vavu chipinda ali m'mimba mwake 8 mm. Ndi mamangidwe ndi zitsulo chubu ndi ulusi kunja ndi awiri pang'ono kakang'ono kuposa una mu felemu lija limene ali anaikapo ndi woonda zitsulo koyenera - valavu ndi mipata awiri. Top - ndi polowera kudzera amene mpweya akulowa ku mpope. Iwo amatetezekanso dothi ndi kapu wapadera pa ulusi. una wina mu nipple, ndi kubwereketsa ndi kutayidwa laterally ndi kutseka ndi gawo la woonda mphira chubu - leni nipple, omwe atenge mbali ya vavu yokha. Choyenera lokhazikika kwa polowera chubu cha mphete mtedza.

Kuti zingakweze tayala, pamafunika adaputala kwa njinga ndi pini linanena bungwe la 3 mamilimita awiri kapena boma retroshlang amene tili m'mavuto kumtunda spool lapansi. Woyenerera ndi zamakono mpope ndi adaputala kwa pini Presta.

vavu Schrader

Kutulukira Ichi ndi American Augustus Schroder (pali zimene mungachite kuti perusal: Schrader kapena Schrader) anali okhala mu 1893 mu United States. Choncho, vavu izi mwinamwake kudziwika monga American, koma nthawi zambiri amatchedwa mota - ngati chipangizo okonzeka ndi ambiri mawilo a magalimoto amakono ndiponso njinga zamoto.

Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito ambiri refrigeration ndi nyengo machitidwe kumene refrigerant refilling chofunika machitidwe ena monga mfundo mosonyeza kuthamanga owonjezera mpweya kapena njira zina.

Schröder pini kapangidwe tichipeza chubu ku umene tili m'mavuto kudula wagawo - ndi pachimake, umene ndi valavu poppet, kutseka mpweya umene m'chipinda chomwe anali mchikakamizo cha masika. Posintha kutalika yotundumukira kunja kwa mpanda chikhomo cha Wopanda akhoza kulamulira mpweya m'chipinda. The spool ndi tili m'mavuto chida wapadera, amene kawirikawiri ntchito kapu zoteteza - chitsulo kapu ndi chisindikizo pulasitiki mkati. Mawu atsopano mu dongosolo chotero - anamanga-masensa kuthamanga polojekiti.

vavu Presta

chipangizo ichi pneumatic limatchedwa ndi French. Matayala ndi valavu Presta kunadetsa ntchito mawilo ndi felemu yopapatiza ntchito pa zitsanzo anagona, msewu kapena wosakanizidwa a njinga zamoto. The awiri a tizibowo gudumu m'mphepete mwa mtundu - 6 mm, omwe amapewa ndi kufooka yovuta kwambiri. Choncho, si koyenera kuti lizigwirizana masewera velokolos kamera ndi valavu galimoto. Ndi mwaukadaulo zotheka, koma amafuna mabowo ikuluikulu 8 mm.

Zida kupalasa njinga Presta mtundu pini isiyana US Schrader vavu locknut kukhalapo, pakalibe ndi lanu Wopanda masika lanu valavu. Kuti magazi mpweya, muyenera unscrew chophimba kumatenda ndi ingodinani pamwamba pa valavu - sayenera kupotokola pakati pa thupi, ngati nipple ndi magalimoto. Zungulira amapezeka valavu ndi mpweya kuchokera tayala. Izi facilitates kudzaza chipinda mpweya ngakhale pamene ntchito dzanja mpope ndi buku laling'ono ntchito.

Ntchito dzanja mpope

Kodi kumanga njinga nipple ntchito dzanja mpope? Chinthu chachikulu - kusankha ncholinga cha kugwirizana. Ambiri mwa mapampu dzanja kapena phazi lero zili ndi mitu anaikira mitundu iwiri chachikulu - American ndi French, Schreder kapena Presta. Nthawi zambiri muyenera kukhota bwino mutu udindo anakhumba, lotseguka, ngati mukufuna logwirana adzakoka chokhethemulira, Wopanda adaputala kumtunda nipple ndi kuchepetsa adzakoka chokhethemulira, kukonza mpope pa gudumu.

Nkofunika kutaya zoteteza vavu kapu oteteza thupi ntchito ya cholumikizira ndi dothi ndi fumbi. Makamaka atengeke kuipitsidwa vavu Presta, amene mosavuta kuonongeka chifukwa m'mimba mwake dzenje ang'onoang'ono kwa ndime ya mpweya ndi pakalibe akasupe.

Kutsitsa ndi kompresa ndi

Ndingatani ntchito palibe mpope dzanja zoyendera awiri mawiro, ndi kompresa chiyani? Kodi kumanga njinga nipple galimoto mpope? Mu nkhani ya vavu schrader lophweka: zigawo zikuluzikulu zonse za kamangidwe ndi adaputala azamagetsi ndi yovomerezeka ndi oyenera galimoto iliyonse, mosasamala kanthu za chiwerengero cha mawilo. Kwa mitundu ina ya nipple adaputala chofunika kukula.

M'mayiko chitukuko cha kukwera njinga kofunika kwambiri - mu Germany, Holland, Scandinavia - anapereka mfundo wamba anakokomeza velokoles okonzeka ndi compressors mphamvu poyerekeza galimoto. Chinthu chachikulu ndi ichi - kuganizira kuchuluka ka velokamer ndipo analimbikitsa mpweya, kuti overdo izi ndipo kuwononga gudumu.

Kudalirika ndi chitonthozo

Zachilengedwe wochezeka zoyendera awiri mawiro, utipatse mphamvu khalidwe kuyenda pa njinga zimapangitsa njinga ndi wotchuka kwambiri osati kumidzi komanso pakati pa anthu a mizinda. Kugwiritsa ntchito zitsanzo yamakono ya zipangizo zatsopano ndi umisiri bwino kutembenukira kupalasa njinga mu zosangalatsa weniweni.

Musati kuchepetsa chitonthozo ndi mitundu yonse ya njinga ntchito lero nsonga zamabele. Nthawi iliyonse, yokonza matayala kusuntha sikutanthauza nthawi yaitali ndipo anayesetsa.