Organic ulimi: kufotokoza, njira ndi zokolola

Malinga ndi Institute atsopano Zakudya, 30-50% ya matenda onse a ku Russia kugwirizana ndi mankhwala osauka-quality, kuphatikizapo mtima matenda, khansa ndi ena. Ndipo zikuonekeratu ndithu kufunika kwa kusintha wa zaulimi kupanga organic. Mu ulimi Russia prerequisites onse ngati kusintha kumeneko. Palinso kuthekera kwakukulu mu gawo la katundu wa chuma. ulimi Organic wakhala tsopano azimuth padziko lonse, ntchito bwinobwino m'mayiko oposa 160. Ndi nthawi sewerolo Russian kulowa msika ndi katundu wawo.

Pamene tinali m'gulu ndondomeko

Kodi ulimi organic mu Russia taphunzira mu zaka 90 Mu zaka zapitazo. Chochuluka katundu ku Europe bowa ndi mtedza chofunika chitsimikizo mayiko a zaulimi cholinga pansi mfundo European mabungwe apadera monga Demeter, IMO.

Panopa, kupanga kwambiri ulimi wa dziko ndi mankhwala pafupifupi organic katundu wawo. Koma malingana ndi kuwerengera, minda 8 okha ndi zikalata zoyenerera kwa dziko lawo, ndipo izi mahekitala 3192 ndipo 0,001% ya malo okwana zaulimi.

De facto msika zopangidwa organic mu Russia ndi waukulu, ndipo de A jure opanda kanthu.

Ndipo izi ndi zofunika chifukwa mankhwala adzalandira satifiketi "organic" natsimikiza udindo wa aliyense siteji ya ulimi osati chomaliza mankhwala. Izi amafuna mayiko ayenera kutsatira ndi katundu wa malonda.

Mawu akuti "zinthu zachilengedwe" mu zolemba Russian malamulo limapezeka mu 2008, mu chiweruzo cha mkulu boma dokotala ukhondo Gennady Onishchenko pa ukhondo-AIDS mfundo zopangidwa organic. Kwenikweni linali Baibulo Russian miyezo European "Organic".

Kodi izi zikutanthauza

Tizilombo kapena zachilengedwe - mawu, ulimi organic - ndi mtundu wa kasamalidwe, ntchito yokumba (kupanga) fetereza ndi chakudya zina zimene sanamvere. Kupanga sakuikidwamo zamoyo zosinthidwa chibadwa.

Kupanga dzuwa ndi bwino ndi feteleza zomera ndi mchere ndi feteleza organic, tizilombo ulamuliro udzu, kasinthasintha mbewu ndi ntchito zotsatira za zochita zina Eco-wochezeka.

njira ulimi Organic

njira The umalimbana kwenikweni kuchirikiza katundu chonde nthaka ulimi, akuti:

• kukhala kuli nthaka biota (zamoyo);
• ntchito kokha feteleza organic (manyowa obiriwira, manyowa, kompositi, zatsalira zhnivnye);
• monga ntchito fupa mchere kuvala ndi magazi chakudya, mchere;
• ntchito adani tizilombo zachilengedwe kapena tizilombo toyambitsa matenda enieni;
• udzu kulamulira imagwiridwa ndi kasinthasintha, ndipo amaganizira moyo mkombero wa tizilombo seeding kuya.

Mu ulimi nyama, ulimi organic amakhala ndi njira zotsatirazi wothandiza kumukana:

• okhazikika stabling;
• chakudya zina kupanga ndi wothandizila m'thupi.

Prophylactic (njira) Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ndi mosamalitsa mulibemo. Ndi kuvomerezedwa odyetserako pa msipu lotseguka. Welcome uweme ethological (amaganizira mbali khalidwe la nyama) ulimi. Organic feteleza nyama husbandry m'gulu la chikapitirizabe kupanga lonse.

Land chiyembekezo Russian

Moscow Institute of Organic Agriculture amapereka deta pa mahekala 40 miliyoni a nthaka yachonde sanayambe walandirapo fetereza. Izi sakhala ndi dziko ntchito zaulimi ndipo nthawi zambiri amatha kupeza zikalata. ndalamazo m'dziko untilled kuposa malo dziko pansi ulimi organic mu dziko.

Izo zanenedweratu kuti ndi 2025 alimi a dziko la ulimi organic pambuyo Russia ndi 20% wa msika organic lonse. Izi amatanthauza msika malamulo, chifukwa msika oletsedwa mankhwala organic wodzazidwa ndi mankhwala a alimi Russian. Institute of Organic Agriculture potchula ziwerengero zimenezi, limatitsimikizira kuti chitukuko cha madera a kumidzi, kuwongolera thanzi la fuko ndi dziko unayamba dera atsopano a makhalidwe oipa a dziko ndi chiyembekezo chenicheni. Koma ngati khalidwe la kukhazikitsa ulimi uwu yothandiza boma kuthandiza alimi, ndipo koposa zonse, kukhazikitsidwa kwa ndondomeko zolimbana ndi AIDS ano.

Mavuto malamulo Russian

Tinkachita pa April 20 chaka chino mu Moscow Eleventh Onse-Russian Forum "Health a mtundu - maziko a chitukuko cha Russia" unachitikira tebulo chonse greening ulimi. Nthumwi za Dipatimenti ya Science ndi Policy Technology Maphunziro a Unduna wa Agriculture za chuma Russian Federation VA Nesmeyanov kufunika zokhudza malamulo greening la nchito za ulimi. Iye anauza anthu omwe analipo kuti mu chaka cha chaka chino, kotero lamulo kuyembekezera pa ulimi organic Adzaperekedwa ku State Duma. Kusinthidwa kamangidwe kake, kutenga ndemanga nkhani ndi mfundo zigawo ndi wokonzeka kwathunthu.

Chifukwa chake tiyenera

Malinga DPO FGBOU FTSSK APK, kufunika greening ulimi kutsindika kanjedza zotsatirazi:

• mankhwala chakudya otsika kwambiri chifukwa kuchokera pa matenda Russian nzika 30 mpaka 50;
• kuchuluka kwa ana olumala ndi anthu olumala zikuchulukirachulukira chaka chilichonse;
• imfa matenda si opatsirana chifukwa cha kubwera kwa njira biologization Ulimi kwambiri yafupika, zomwe zikutsimikizira kuti zimene zinachitikira m'mayiko ena.

Imeneyi ndi mbali yaing'ono ya mavuto, zimene zingakuthandizeni kupirira ulimi organic.

Features wa chigawo zachilengedwe

Vuto yosungira biocenoses pa nkhani ya mavuto zachilengedwe padziko lonse sangathe koma nkhawa anthu a dziko lonse ndi ku Russia komanso. Gawo limodzi la kuipitsidwa topezeka dziko chimachititsa gawo la ulimi. Tima ulimi mafakitale Kukubweretsera masautso chuma Russia a Akuti mu rubles biliyoni atatu pachaka. Mawu oyamba a ulimi organic, osati sikukuvulaza, komanso kusintha m'chilengedwe zowonongeka. kupanga Organic kungachepetse mowa mphamvu theka, mpweya mpweya woipa mu ¾ voliyumu awo mu chikhalidwe kuswana kubzala.

Kuwonjezeka pakuleka, njira zamoyo zachilengedwe ndi kusintha kwa katundu chonde nthaka kukhala ndi mlingo apansi kuipitsidwa kumwa madzi beseni pa dziko, ndipo pamapeto pake, kuteteza biosphere mu mphamvu ya padziko lonse.

Mbali zaziwerengero

Vuto la kutha kwa midzi ndi kumidzi anthu kuchepa Russia akhala akhalipo. Chiwerengero kalembera mu 2010 anavumbula 19 400 mfundo, ndiye, de jure, koma okhala palibe. kupanga Organic, mothandizidwa ndi boma, angathe kuchepetsa outflow wa anthu mudzi ndi kupereka zokoma kupita ku ulendo wakumudzi. Mu mabanja akumidzi, zambiri ana azaka zoposa moyo m'midzi. Kulowera uku mu njira kusamuka mu dziko kuti azipereka ndi ubwino ndi yaikulu zinthu zaziwerengero mu Russia.

Organic ulimi - ndi ndalama yaitali kuti kukhala zofunikira kwa mudzi, kumalimbikitsa "wobiriwira" zokopa alendo ndi kuonetsetsa chitukuko khola la madera.

chikhalidwe ubwino

Kutukula umoyo wa anthu, ndipo chotero, kuchepa katundu bajeti dziko kale otchulidwa. Institute of Zakudya akupereka deta pa zomvetsa bajeti pachaka matenda kugwirizana ndi mankhwala mu rubles biliyoni okwana 13,000. Malinga ndi Unduna wa Maphunziro ndi Science, kuwonjezera chiwerengero cha ana sukulu chisamaliro chapadera ndi olumala chaka. M'nthawi ya 2015-2016 zaka zawo chiwerengero chawonjezeka ndi oposa 800 zikwi. Anthu. - anthu 6.347.292 kuti 7.160.008.

Organic mankhwala, chifukwa cha kupanga organic mulibe zatsalira feteleza kupanga, kukula mahomoni, omwe ndi ofunika kwambiri kwa anthu ndi chifuwa (zomwe ndi 30% ya anthu), ana, amayi oyembekezera ndi lactating, anthu ndi matenda osiyanasiyana a dongosolo m'mimba ndi ena ambiri.

The Russian makampani avant-garde

Atsogoleri mu msika organic, United States lero (45%), Germany (14%) ndi France (8%).

The innovators Russian kuchita ulimi organic ndi gulu la makampani mtundu "Agranta" ndi bungwe "Organic".

The likhale chabe "AgriVolga" ndi "Agranty" imakhala amakampani 15 nyama ndi mkaka ndi gawo anayamba wa kuswana.

Mu May 2013, pa njira imene osewera zikuluzikulu organic Union National gawo ulimi wa unakhazikitsidwa, kubweretsa pamodzi mbali zonse za nzeru za khalidwe organic. Union bungwe ndipo akuchititsa misonkhano ndi mapulogalamu kuphunzitsa alimi, kumabweretsa yolimbikira maphunziro ndi kulimbikitsa.

Madera a ntchito

Oimira ongolankhula sayansi ndi alimi kutsatilidwa ziyenera kugwirira ntchito pamodzi asayambe thanzi mtunduwo ndi ulimi organic mu Russia ayenera kukhala ndi kuonjezera zokolola. M'nkhaniyi, izo zikhoza kuganiziridwa njira zoyenera zotsatirazi:

• kulenga malangizo umboni ofotokoza alimi pa magawo ndi greening angakwanitsire;
• kukonza ndi kugwiritsa phukusi la amayesetsa kuthandiza kafukufuku interdisciplinary pa amadza chokhala ndi mankhwala, mankhwala kukula mahomoni, zina chakudya thanzi;
• imathandizira pa chitukuko ndi kugonjera State Duma a ku Nyumba ya Federal Akuluakulu a ku Russian asilikali malamulo feduro "Pa yopanga ndi zolowa katundu organic (yopanga kupanga organic)";
• chilengedwe cha malangizo umboni ofotokoza ndi zachipatala kudziŵitsa anthu za ubwino mankhwala amenewa;
• kukhala ya miyeso yotithandiza kulanda luso ulimi ulimi organic ndi ntchito kwachilengedwenso chomera kukula;
• kulengeza ntchito mankhwala organic mu dongosolo la nyumba maphunziro a mphamvu.

Organic ulimi - ndi makampani kuti ayenera kukhalabe ndi kukhala wabwino kwa ana athu, tsogolo mibadwo ya ku Russia ndi dziko lonse!