Ndi kulankhulana andale

kulankhulana ndi chiyani? Mtundu uwu wa mogwirizana chikhalidwe, mgwirizano pakati pa anthu ndi magulu a anthu pogwiritsa ntchito njira wapakamwa ndipo popanda mawu n'komwe. Komabe, pamene izo zifika ku madera ena yeniyeni kuli ndi zimene zimachitika pakati pa anthu, mu tanthauzo limeneli, pali ena zakonzeka. Mwachitsanzo, iwo amaona kuti mfundo za ndale kulankhulana ndi mbali yake yaikulu. Pakali pano, mbali iyi yamoyo anthu kwenikweni kusiyana mofulumira, zikuoneka ndi makhalidwe atsopano ndi muyezo kuwunika.

kulankhulana Political kumapangitsa mogwirizana kwa zinthu ndale, kupanga njira yotero wandale waphindu. Ndiyamika unyolo uwu wa zochitika wamangidwa mu unyolo zomveka.

Koma ndizosowa, ndilo lili pakati pa chiphunzitso cha ichi mtundu kulankhulana, izo zinachokera pa chiphunzitso cha sukulu ziwiri zimene: kusanthula structural ndi zinchito ndi njira cybernetic. kulankhulana andale mfundo za sayansi view wakhala wosasamala pa Dziko Lonse Yoyamba, pamene kwa nthawi yoyamba ankafufuza mabodzawo. Mawu akuti womwewo ndi ntchito ongolankhula pa mutu umenewu anaonekera mu 1940s mochedwa. Pa nthawiyi, pali zambiri zifukwa mbiri wabwino kuti chofunika kusankha akuti ndi mfundo mwachikondi mwambo osiyana sayansi. Mwa iwo akutchedwa pambuyo nkhondo funde la democratization, chitukuko cha chiphunzitso cybernetic, ndi yogwira chitukuko cha machitidwe kulankhulana ndi umisiri.

Ambiri, ngakhale kuti kulankhulana andale lero ali matanthauzo ambiri amakhala ngati kuuzana nkhani pakati pa ophunzira mu wandale, yomwe ikuchitika pa ankachita okwanila mwamwayi.

Onani kuti aliyense dongosolo amakhala ndi tinjira umodzi kulankhulana Chofanana mphamvu zake ndi milingo chitukuko. Monga ofufuza za onani, kulankhulana chitukuko m'dera izi zikuchitika mu njira yomweyi zamoyo zinachita amene chibadidwe malowa.

Amadziwika kuti kulankhulana ndale zimakhudza mtundu wa chikhalidwe. Komabe, amenewa angatchedwe mgwirizano, chifukwa choyamba ndi njira kuulutsa wachiwiri. chakuti kulankhulana atenge malamulo ndi mfundo zimene amavomerezedwa m'dziko makamaka.

Tikumbukenso kuti mbali yofunika kwambiri ndi ubale zamalankhulidwe wa kanjedza zandale, zomwe ndi zochokera ndondomeko ya nzeru zambiri pa yolimbirana mphamvu. Pa nthawi iyi pali kulanda zitatu zikuluzikulu za uthenga:

1. Chingatilimbikitse (mwachitsanzo, pempho kapena lamulo).
2. Kunyamula okha nkhani katundu (mudziwe kwenikweni kapena kungoganiza).
3. Enieni (mudziwe chokhudzana ndi kukhazikitsidwa kucheza kapena kuthandiza pakati andale).

Pankhani njira kulankhulana ndale, udindo wawo nthawi anachita mabungwe kapena mabungwe amene alipo ndipo ntchito mu chimango cha boma likuyendetsera ndale. Chifukwa cha iwo, pali nzeru zambiri. Pakali pano, mmodzi wa iwo mulinso njira kulankhulana ndi zinthu, komanso magulu ndi anthu amene akuthandiza kuwombola zambiri.

kulankhulana Political ali njira zitatu zikuluzikulu kugwiritsa:

1. TV (options mabuku ndi kompyuta).
2. Communication gulu ngati mu udindo wa olamulira m'khalapakati Mezhuyev ndi kulamulidwa ndi zipani kapena magulu chidwi.
3. Communication kupyolera mu njira mwamwayi kuti ndi njira yokha kugwirizana munthu.