Mitundu ya ndalama. Mitundu ya nkhani. Mitundu kachitidwe mlandu

Mlandu - mmodzi wa asilikali chinsinsi kuonetsetsa kugwira ntchito kumalo a ntchito. kasamalidwe kampaniyo, kumanga njira chitukuko ndalama, chilankhulidwe cha kulankhulana ndi ndalama kwakukulukulu chimasonyeza bwinobwino akatswiri kampani adzakhala ankachita zinthu zogwirizana ndi ndalama.

Kodi yowerengera

Yowerengera, mogwirizana ndi tanthauzo wamba - ndi dongosolo limene zosonkhanitsira, fixation ndi kaphatikizidwe zokhudza chuma zosiyanasiyana komanso chuma chuma cha gulu, komanso kuyenda mkati mwa kampani mu mbali ya mgwirizano yapakati-ntchito.

Kusiyanitsa mitundu zotsatirazi mlandu.

1. Management

Mtundu wa mlandu ndi njira imene mukuchita zambiri kulongosola kuti konza kasamalidwe malamulo a kampani. Nthawi zina, kuti kugwiritsa ntchito njira yoyenera akutumikira mapangidwe dongosolo kwapakati pa-mudziwe. Mwachidule pamene kasamalidwe mlandu zachitika kusanthula mtengo, mawerengedwe a mitengo ya zinthu.

Information zopezera zochita za zimayendera mawunikidwe, kugwiritsa ntchito mwamphamvu kuti konza njira yathu, kusintha ntchito ndi ndodo, kuchepetsa ndalama.

2. Financial

Ndi njira ya deta mlandu zokhudza ndalama ndi ndalama za kampani ngongole, pamaso pa ndalama zina ndi zina D..

3. Tax

Akatswiri ena monga mitundu ya mlandu komanso, ngakhale amagwirizana makamaka ndi mogwirizana ndi dongosolo kunja - FTS. Ndi mndandanda wa mfundo imene kenako ntchito ndi cholinga kuwerengetsa m'munsi msonkho. Cholinga cha kukhazikitsa mtundu wa mlandu - kuonetsetsa kulondola kwa zimene zimachitika pakati pa kampani ndi waukulu zachuma ndi supervisory ulamuliro - Federal Tax Service ndi mabungwe ena.

Aliyense siyana otchulidwa akhoza kusonyeza mitundu ya kachitidwe mlandu ziwalo. Iwo akhoza ntchito mu chimango cha njira anthuwo, koma pa nthawi yomweyo ntchito pa chikhalidwe cha cholinga wamba. Komanso, mu chimango cha ntchitoyi, m'madera ndalama msonkho zambiri zokonzedwa ndi yodziwika bwino ntchito ku mlandu. Ntchito m'madera ziwalo amangoona ntchito ndi akatswiri yopapatiza oyenerera.

Mlandu - ndi mawerengedwe a zachuma?

Akukhulupirira kuti chinthu chotero monga "mau okhudza kuwerengera ndalama" ndi "banja kulembetsa", tingaone. Iyi ndi njira yabwino kwambiri, ndipo kolakwika. Kodi zimadalira?

Popeza kuti mfundo Malawi milandu wapadera wa zachuma. Kuti uli wotsiriza - izi ndi gulu lonse. Mlandu - nkhani zosiyanasiyana, pamodzi ndi zachuma kapena ntchito, mwachitsanzo, zowerengera. Pa nthawi yomweyo zosiyanasiyana zachuma ndi mlandu n'zogwirizana ndi zambiri ndi malire ochiritsira kwambiri.

Motero, kumasulira ubale wa mawu? Inu angatani kuti chiwembu zotsatirazi: okhudza kuwerengera ndalama - nthawizonse yofunika zachuma. Ndipo chifukwa maganizo a mlandu zachuma ndi tingaone mu njira iyi. Pa yomweyo hozuchet - si nthawi zonse bwino, zingakhale ntchito kapena zowerengera.

Mamita mu akawunti

Poganizira kuti, kodi mitundu ikuluikulu ya mlandu, tikhoza kuphunzira mbali akayezetsa zida ntchito ndi nkhaniyi mu njira yachibadwa ya malonda. Mwa muyezo choncho zokhudzana ndi mtundu wa zachilengedwe. Amagwiritsa ntchito zotsatirazi zida kuyeza:

- pa wagawo misa (mu tonnes, makilogalamu magalamu, etc ...);

- chiwerengero (zidutswa, masuti, etc ...).

mtundu wina wa i - ntchito. Iwo ntchito ngati kuli kofunika kuwerengera ndalama anakhala ndi a pakampaniyo pa nthawi kupanga. meters Ofunika pano - masiku, maola, nthawi zina Mphindi. Tanthauzo yeniyeni ya muyezo ntchito - ndi luso kuwerengera zokolola ntchito. Ndipo chifukwa cha zimenezi, konza chinthu choyenera cha ndalama.

Mwinamwake, muyezo waukulu, kumene kumasonyeza chingwe mbali mu akawunti - zachuma. Izo ntchito pamene kampani akuchita kusonyeza njira zachuma ndi mawunikidwe generalization mu mayunitsi ndalama. Financial muyezo - chida chimene chimathandiza kasamalidwe kampani kuwerengera phindu okwana chuma. Mita chachikulu apa - ndalama m'dzikoli, m'maganizo rubles Russian ndi khobiri izi.

akawunti ntchito

Dziwani Mitundu ya mlandu, komanso gauges kiyi, tingaganizire zimene Nchito ife yodziwika chodabwitsa pansi kufufuza. Akatswiri apeza mndandanda wa iwo.

Choyamba, ndi mbali wotchedwa amazilamulira. Ndi chida kuyan'anila kukhalapo ndi kayendedwe ka mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zipangizo, zinthu za ntchito, ndalama, kulondola ndi kufunika kwa anzake a malonda ndi mabungwe a boma. Main mitundu ya amazilamulira kuti akutsatiridwa mu chimango cha ntchito imeneyi - kuyambirira, zikusinthira (panopa), komanso wotsatira.

Kachiwiri, ichi ntchito zambiri. Kumafuna kutsegula wa kufalitsa ndi yake ya mfundo zogwirizana kuwalitsa ntchito ya ogwira ntchito mwa kasamalidwe ndi amalipidwa antchito ake (komanso mogwirizana mtanda kampani ya nkhani). The chofunika kuti mudziwe zinapezedwa mlandu wa - kudalirika verifiability, Kudziwa, zoyenerera.

Chachitatu, akatswiri apeza ntchito ndi zoteteza. Kwenikweni zake zochokera ntchito kugwirizana ndi kufunika kuteteza bwino chuma chuma. Muyezo waukulu wa khalidwe kuchita nchito imeneyi - kuli njira ya ogwira ntchito kukhala ndi zambiri kufufuza kulamulira.

Chachinayi, kuwerengera ali ndi ntchito yokonza maganizo pakati pa kampani ndi zisudzo zosiyanasiyana nawo ntchito yake - ndalama, makasitomala, ndi zina komanso ndi akuluakulu zolimbana.

Chachisanu, kuwerengera nazonso yodziwika ndi ntchito ndi mawunikidwe. cholinga chake chachikulu - kudziwa mipata, kufooka, mipata pa kayendetsedwe ka kampani ndi khalidwe la mfundo zachuma ndi chitukuko wotsatira wa njira zogwirizana kukhathamiritsa.

nkhani

ndi muyezo kwa Gawo lawo linali chiyani? ndi mitundu ya nkhani zimene? Tiyeni tiyambe ndi muyezo gulu. Akatswiri awo apeza angapo.

1. zili zachuma

Kukhala nkhani ku mtundu makamaka anatsimikiza zochokera limatchula za chimene icho chiri n'komwe.

2. kapangidwe

Tikatengera imeneyi, mitundu ya nkhani anawagawa:

- kufufuza;

- katundu;

- mlandu ndi kuthetsa;

- chabe;

- yogwira.

3. Granularity

Chikhochi ndi chimodzi cha akugwirizana ndi zofunikira gulu la. Kutengera pa nkhani alili ake ogaŵikana mitundu itatu - kupanga, mawunikidwe, komanso otchedwa boma nkhani. Taganizirani makhalidwe a lililonse.

Kupanga nkhani monga mokwanira mwachidule chuma ndi ngongole zimene chipembedzo mu gauges ndalama. Zitsanzo zake - 50 ( "Cash"), 01 ( "Basic wothandizila") kapena Mwachitsanzo, 80 ( "likulu").

Nkhani Analytical tinapangidwa kuzifotokoza ku mwatsatanetsatane kupanga kwambiri. Amaonetsa salinso zowombetsa mkota, ndi zambiri kwambiri mwatsatanetsatane pa mitundu yeniyeni ya chuma ndi ngongole. Anayeza nthawi yomweyo iwo akhoza kukhala osati mawu chuma, komanso, mwachitsanzo, ndi mu ntchito.

Poyankha, boma nkhani ali ngati "hybrid" mitundu iwiri yoyambirira. ntchito zawo zothandiza nkokoma milandu amenewa m'pofunika Mwachitsanzo, gulu mawunikidwe nkhani mkati kupanga enieni. Nkhani ya boma nkhani-kawirikawiri ikuchitika mu gauges ndalama, nthawi zina - mu zachilengedwe, ntchito - pafupifupi konse.

Akatswiri olekanitsidwa ndi mitundu ina ya nkhani Mukaganizira ena. Mwachitsanzo, ngati zikugwira ntchito, accrued, zolimbana, zachuma ndi kugawa.

Ataphunzira mitundu mlandu, ntchito zake, Tiyeni tikambirane mbali ina ya nkhaniyo. Othandiza ntchito nkhani nthawi zambiri ikuchitika mwa njira lotchedwa "kulowa awiri". Amasonyeza mfundo imene malonda zalembedwa pa nthawi yomweyo kawiri - mu nkhani ndi ngongole madebiti chimodzi ena. Mozama kucheza ndi mzake ndi osiyana mitundu ya nkhani ledgers (mbali - pang'ono).

Zowona zenizeni zokhudza kulowa awiri

Tiyeni kuphunzira njira "kawiri-kulowa" mwatsatanetsatane. Pakuti chimene zoona, chikufunika mlandu? Malinga ambiri akatswiri njira mapangidwe mlandu, wotuluka kwambiri malonda yodziwika ndi ambivalence ndi zinthu monga reciprocity. Kuti, ngati ndalama ndi debited pa nkhani imodzi, mwina chikuonetseratu awo munthawi yomweyo kwa ena. Choncho, iwowo ndalama nthawi zonse lolamulidwa.

Limagwirira a "kawiri-kulowa" akuyendera mwa zida zikuluzikulu ziwiri - makalata ndi Kulumikizana. Kodi zimenezi zimachitika?

Makalata - zimachitika izi njira pa nkhani ziwiri, imene ndikupeleka ndalama olembedwa. Nawonso Kulumikizana - ndi zoona, nkhani yeniyeni ya njira imeneyi, chilango olondola a wotuluka, mbiri zokhudza madebiti ndi ngongole. Pali mitundu iwiri - kumodzi ndi zovuta.

Njira kuimira "kulowa awiri" Zimatengera mtundu wa mitundu mlandu ntchito. Pali zingapo. Pali chikumbutso, kapena mtundu kusagwirizana - mu chimango cha unathandiza zinalembedwa kawiri akaundula osiyana. Pali ndondomeko, kapena amaphatikiza mawonekedwe. Iwo akaundula zosungidwazo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti opaleshoni chili pa nthawi yomweyo kuti debited ndipo amatamanda.

akaundula

Timanena kuti nkhani n'zogwirizana kuti akaundula mlandu. Kodi atsopano? ndi mitundu ya ledgers chiyani? Tikambirana mfundo iyi mwatsatanetsatane.

ndi akaundula Kodi a mlandu? Malinga ndi tanthauzo otchuka, ndi zipangizo ntchito ndi cholinga inalamula ndi mndandanda wa mfundo zili zikalata zofunika kusonyeza mu nkhani ndi malipoti. Kungakhale malonda chinsinsi.

Akatswiri kuitana zotsatirazi i gulu la akaundula mlandu.

1. Pa maziko a kamangidwe

Izo zikhoza kukhala mabuku, makadi matebulo, zojambulira.

2. Kuchokera pa kopita

Chikutanthauza akaundula mwina kuchuluka kapena mwadongosolo. Pali komanso amaphatikizidwa ndi kupezeka.

3. Kutengera pa zomwe zili

Ngati nkhani za mtundu wa akaundula ziwalo, pa maziko a muyezo ichi, lagawidwa kupanga ndi analytic.

4. otuluka nkhungu

Akatswiri kudziwa anayi - osakwatira amaganiza, wopangidwa mwa mawonekedwe a gome, komanso kwake mtundu movutikira.

ndalama

Ataphunzira mitundu mlandu, ntchito zake, nkhani, akaundula, tikhoza tanthauzo ndi zimene njira ndi kuliika ndalama. mitundu ya ndalama mlandu chiyani? ndi muyezo kwa Gawo lawo linali chiyani?

Kwenikweni, pansi ndalama ya Organization pamaziko a matanthauzo ofanana, amatanthauza kuchepetsa ubwino ndi zachuma chifukwa cha kuchepetsa likulu ku kampani pepala bwino ndi zina achire ndalama. Akatswiri kudziwa zotsatirazi mitundu ikuluikulu ndalama mlandu:

- phindu zokhudzana;

- Iwo likukhalira njira zopezera ndalama;

- malamulo.

Ponena woyamba: izi zikuphatikizapo makamaka ndalama zokhudzana ndi kupanga ndi kugulitsa ndalama. Gulu lachiwiri mwina sanaphatikize mtengo kugwirizana ndi malipiro a premiums ntchito zachifundo. ndalama amakakamizidwa monga msonkho, malipiro kwa Fund ndi penshioni, Social Insurance Fund, HIF, mapeto a Mapangano inshuwalansi. Akatswiri ena amanena kuti ndalama za mtundu wachitatu ndi iwo amene amagwirizana ndi zotsatira za ziletso pa za chuma.

zasungidwa

Kulankhula ndalama, sitingathe amanyalanyaza mbali ya ndalama. ndi muyezo waukulu gulu awo?

Choyamba, kuti ndalama zimenezi. M'malamulo Russian ankaona kuti chuma, kuchititsa kuwonjezeka mu ubwino ndi zachuma a ogwira ntchito ndi kukula kwa ntchito capitalization. Waukulu mitundu ya ndalama mu kuyankha motere:

- zochitika wamba;

- yoimira nambala mfundo.

pali muyezo Russian malamulo amene anthu kapena malisiti zina gulu moyenera ndalama si anawonjezera. Pakati pa anthu:

- zopereka za eni (ma sheya hoda);

- kuchuluka kwa misonkho malipiro;

- chindapusa kuti athandize mnzake ndi;

- anapeza ya malipiro pasadakhale, malipiro pasadakhale, gawo;

- chiphaso cha kulipira ngongole yomwe inakhazikitsidwa.

Ndalama ndi ndalama za kampani anawerengedwa mwa dongosolo loyenera pa nkhani za bungwe.

zikalata

Kunena zambiri zimene muli mitundu ya mlandu zochokera mitundu ya nkhani, gulu la ndalama ndi ndalama, ndi imodzi tikambirane mbali ya kasamalidwe chikalata. akuphatikizapo ndani? ndi wotani mitundu zolembedwa mu mlandu? i izi atengedwa mu mchitidwe Russian.

1. Kaonekedwe ka zikalata

Ndi muyeso uwu alipo gwero kulekana ukubwera, kucheza, ndi kwapakati. Choyamba - ichi ndi zikalata wotumidwa kwa kampani ndi makampani ena. The chachiwiri - chikalata, amene nawonso, amakhala ndi zosiyana. magwero mtundu zoweta sichingapezeke kunja kampaniyo.

2. Kusankha

Kuchokera pa muyezo ichi, zikalata mwina zolimbana, mabwana zimapanga magwero mlandu zolinga.

Choyamba - ichi ndi magwero zimene zimasonyeza dongosolo, malangizo zosiyanasiyana ndi malamulo kasamalidwe, zokhudza kukhazikitsa ntchito yofunikayi. Ankapha zikalata tinapangidwa kugwila umboni wa wotuluka lapansi. Zitsanzo zake - zochita kuvomereza, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya malamulo. Palinso mtundu kuphatikiza pepala. Iwo akhoza kukhala zizindikiro za zolemba onse zolimbana ndi wamkulu. Malinga ndi cholinga cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya magwero iwo akhoza kukhala mbali yomwe kuwalola amatchula gulu Malawi.

3. pafupipafupi kalembera

Malinga ndi muyezo ichi, zikalata mmodzi kutali, komanso chokhala. Choyamba, monga ulamuliro, kupanga enieni malonda ndikupeleka ndipo si kenako wodzilemekeza. Ngakhale amatchedwa yotsirizira sequentially wambirimbiri zambiri poyerekezera ndi nthawi yapadera. Iwo akhoza mwachidule zizindikiro kunyezimiritsa patsogolo wotuluka ofananako mwinanso malonda.

4. kukafola Time

muyezo ili m'gulu zikalata mtundu pulayimale ndi Consolidated. Woyamba wotuluka mbiri ntchito pa nthawi iliyonse. zikalata Chidule tinapangidwa kuphatikiza ntchito, grouping pa Pamaziko a maumboni ali magwero choyambirira.

Ambiri mwa zikalata, amene alipo kumbuyo kwa muyezo akhoza wachinsinsi nthawi yomweyo aliyense wa muyezo omwe afunsidwa.