"Mfuti" (mfuti): specifications ndi zosintha zamakono

Mu maganizo, pali mayeso amatchedwa "associative lomenyera" - izi ndi pamene munthuyo anena mawu kapena kusonyeza chithunzi, ndipo titchedwe mawu amene amagwirizana ndi chifaniziro wake wa chinthu. Mwachitsanzo, "kalulu" - "Wolf", "mvula" - "adzaphatikiza". Ndipo kodi gulu akupezeka anthu ndi mawu akuti "mfuti"? Ngati funso linafunsidwa kwa anthu US, yankho chingakhale, "Smith ndi Wesson", ndi anthu a Soviet Union akhoza kumva yankho limodzi lokha - Atamuloza. Mfuti - Nthano ya mibadwo ingapo. Mbali mafilimu zonse za Choyamba ndi Chachiwiri World nkhondo, za achifwamba ndi mabungwe yazamalamulo - zonse ntchito mfuti. Anyamata onse, ophunzira aone mfuti lodziwika bwino, sanazengereze kunena kuti ndi mfuti, ndi mphukira akadali kupemphedwa.

Zonse zinayamba ndi zofunika makhalidwe ntchito mfuti

Mwambiriyakale, kumapeto kwa m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi la asilikali Russian sanalole gunsmiths m'dera lalifupi manja chinabisidwa zonyamula. Pa nthawi anagwiritsira ntchito mfuti "Smith ndi Wesson" imene zikukhalira bwino mu Chirasha Turkey nkhondo, koma kulemera kwake ndi ntchito zamphamvu kumanzere kwambiri wolakalakika. Kwa dziko kuti zonse mu nkhondo, kuteteza malire ake kwa adani wa makamu mdani, izo anali kudziona cocking chida moto pa mtunda waufupi. Russian asilikali amene ankachitika ndi wachifundo chachikulu cha nthawi kuti zonse mlengi zida Europe. Inali ntchito yovuta, koma ndendende chifukwa cha mfuti ili (mfuti) anali chachikulu kwambiri kupanga dziko ndi amamuonera nthano mwa connoisseurs zida. Apo panali pakati pawo:

1. Mfuti ali kuti ndi mamita 35 kuti asiye kavalo, kaya ndi mtunda wofanana kumenyera theka dazeni inchi matabwa.
2. mathamangidwe kuipanikiza ayenera kukhala mamita woposa 300 pa mphindi.
3. mfuti misa ayenera musalumphe makilogalamu.
4. The likungosonyeza ayenera kukhala mizere itatu - 7,62 mamilimita mfundo yatsopano.
5. Drum mphamvu ayenera muli kuposa muyezo panthawi zipolopolo asanu.
6. Opanda utsi onga ntchito, ndipo monga chuma kuchitidwa mkuwa wamanja.

Kuti alimi atapereka chiwerengero chachikulu cha zofunika, koma makamaka kufotokoza ntchito makhalidwe a zida alipo, amene yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi Russian asilikali ankhondo.

Wokanika ndi savvy gunsmiths Belgium moyo imeneyi chilengedwe chonse kwa zaka

Belgium gunsmiths Leon ndi Emile Nagano pamene kale mfuti. Komabe, likungosonyeza awo mfuti anali 5,45 mm, ndi zipolopolo asanu chinali ng'oma ndi. Abale ace aenda ku mochenjera - aŵiri dazeni revolvers, anawapatsa kwa Russian Tsar, azitumiki onse ndi akuluakulu a asilikali. Chenicheni kusankha gunsmith inatha, ndipo anayamba. Ngakhale Patapita zaka zingapo kuti mupereke revolvers gunsmiths European sanathe kumenya dongosolo mfuti, "mfuti".

Kukwaniritsa zofunikira za makasitomala, ndi okonza anali kulenga ng'oma watsopano zipolopolo asanu ndi kuonjezera likungosonyeza a chipolopolo, pogwiritsa atatu njira makungwa ndi mfuti. Anakwaniritsa zinthu zonse mgwirizano, abale Nagan kwa zaka zitatu ankapereka twente-zikwi revolvers Russian asilikali ndi anaonetsetsa kupanga mfuti mu Tula Zida Bzalani.

gunsmiths Belgium komanso anapereka awiri Mabaibulo a chilengedwe chake. Pang'ono kusintha chipangizo mfuti iwo azipanga izo kotero kuti mfuti akhoza tsopano kukhala ndi limagwirira kudziletsa cocking, komanso Buku Yambitsaninso choyambitsa. Kusinthaku bwanji mtengo wa mfuti ndi. Choncho, msilikali wamba amayenera cocking chala pa nkhondo, ndi alonda analandira kudziletsa cocking chida.

World omveka kwa zaka zingapo

Ataphunzira kujambula Maluso Naganov mfuti, gunsmith iliyonse kubereka popanda khama. Pambuyo mfuti chipangizo "mfuti" kosavuta mpikisano aliyense ofanana. Patapita zaka zingapo, m'madera US, America South ndi Europe anayamba kuoneka ndi dzina chimodzimodzi ndi kuchepetsedwa likungosonyeza zipolopolo mfuti. Komabe, limagwirira lonse ndi ofanana kwambiri kwa Tula mfuti - mfuti. Photos anatengedwa ndi atolankhani mu zaka, akutsimikizira zimenezi:

1. Self-cocking choyambitsa limagwirira, amene anachotsa nyundo ndi kukoka choyambitsa.
2. Monolithic, osati lopinda chimango mfuti.
3. Shompolnye chubu mu mfuti malo retracted mkati ng'oma olamulira.
4. Tili m'mavuto mu chimango pa ikamatera dzenje mbiya.
5. The lonse yowotcha limagwirira yakwera mu chimango ndi atseka chivundikiro zochotseka.
6. Ntchito opanda utsi ufa.

Komano, chifukwa cha kukwera kutchuka kwa mfuti mu dziko ndi moyenera, kuŵeta, palinso unali waukulu chikopa mthumba kwa mfuti ndi. mbiri yakale amasonyeza kuti nthawi lachifumu mthumba sanali. Komabe, ngati ife kulankhula za mfuti kupanga mu Serbia, anaonekera kwa iye ndi mthumba, ndicho chimodzimodzi chimene Red Army ntchito.

Chida ankakonda mbava ndi Red

Ngati tiyang'ana pa mbiri, kaya ndi buku, filimu kapena kanema zopelekedwa mu malo oyamba, mukhoza Atchule kupanda assortment lalikulu zida kuchokera belligerents. Machine mfuti "limakhulupirira", Mosin mfuti, ndi otchuka kwambiri chida - mfuti. Mfuti alipo pa asilikali mbali zonse za kusagwirizanako. asilikali aliyense anatsimikizira zida zing'onozing'ono za nkhondo, m'pamenenso kupeza zida zofunika zida zake nkhondo. Pofuna muyenera zida, amapereka kwa iwo ndipo resiliency ake. Ndipo pamene inu kuganizira kuti kuyeretsa ndi kuziphwasula mfuti "mfuti" udakhala mu nthawi yaifupi kwambiri, izi zingapereke chifukwa iye ankakonda ophunzira onse mkangano.

Mpaka chiyambi cha nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse, yokulirapo ndi drawback kokha zovuta za mfuti kukanikiza choyambitsa kwa mankhwala mpirawo. Zimasonyeza chomasuka kuwombera ndi manja awiri pa nthawi yomweyo ali wabodza pa nthawi. Onani njira zofanana akhoza kukhala mu filimu "Sizikuyenda obwezera".

The chida yabwino SMERSH

Chiyambireni cha Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World kwa chida mavuto Cuba ku gunsmiths 1962 Soviet nambala yaikulu mfuti ndipo revolvers amenewa anayamba, iwo anayesa patsogolo pa mabwalo a asilikali. Kutenga misfire pa mayeso yowotcha pa osiyanasiyana, ndiye komabe osadziwika Tula Tokarev 7.62mm nthawi yaitali munakhala mu Laboratories fakitale manja. Komabe, popeza anachita ndi kutha kwa zaka mazana makumi awiri, ndi TT mfuti 7,62 mamilimita wakhala amakonda chida zigawenga, chifukwa mtengo wake otsika, resiliency kwambiri ndi kwambiri zowononga mphamvu.

Atsogoleri a deralo, ndi GRU alonda nzeru, akazitape ndi NKVD inali awo mfuti kwambiri mu dziko. Mfuti "mfuti" kakusintha zosintha zambiri. Pa ndime ndi ochiritsira mfuti mu nyumbayi angapezeke Atamuloza ndi silencer ndi lawi arrestor kwa antchito Smersh ndi GRU. Kufikira tsopano, okhometsa zida Umafuna mfuti-carbine, zomwe zinali zoti akazipereke asilikali malire ndipo analola kulimbana pa mndandanda wautali.

Favorite chida cha nkhondo mu nthawi ya mtendere

Kumapeto kwa Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World zida zonse ntchito ndi asilikali omenyana ndi anagwidwa ndi mdani, limene lili pa omwetsera asilikali a mayiko ambiri Soviet. Dziko ndi kumanga ndi kukhala mwauzimu ndiponso masewera. Ndi chifukwa cha chitukuko cha masewera mu USSR lingaliro la mfuti "mfuti". Reviews a wakale nkhondo monga Munthu wina anauza kuti chandamale kuwombera mfuti woposa mfuti a. Poganizira kuti mmasate kale anali pansi chitukuko mfuti likungosonyeza 5.6 mm (zochepa mphamvu zowononga), ndipo linatulutsidwa owerengeka. Likungosonyeza 5.6 mamilimita kwa armourers Russian sanali watsopano, monga akupezeka mfuti "Smith ndi Wesson", Russian asilikali kunja kwa kunja.

Kuti mukupanga chilichonse chatsopano sitinali kokha anasintha mbiya ndi ng'oma. Choncho panali chifukwa masewera kuwombera zibonga revolvers "mfuti", ndi likungosonyeza wa 5.6 mm. Iwo anali olumikizidwa ndi trehlineyki, atatembenuzidwa ndi likungosonyeza wa 5.6 mm, walandira fakitale chodetsa TOZ, otchedwa ndi anthu "melkashki". Mkulu molondola, otsika kwambiri angadzachite, kukonza zovuta ndi lalikulu akuonadi osiyanasiyana - makhalidwe kuti kupanga mfuti (mfuti) ndi ang'ono-inabala mfuti angathe kupezeka mu makalabu masewera ndi zida za asilikali mkati.

Kusintha bokosi cheke pa mfuti pa Launch

Sizikudziwika amene anali kudziŵa kuti m'malo mbendera pa chiyambi cha funde la othamanga pa mpirawo kwa mfuti, koma ngati mfuti kuyambira pa mpikisano zonse ntchito mfuti. Development wa 30 ntchentche pansi pa likungosonyeza wa 5.6 mm imathandiza pano. The katiriji kwathunthu unasintha Zhevelo, amene anali ndi mphamvu zokwanira kusewera mpirawo mokweza. System ntchito Zhevelo atatembenuzidwa kwa kuwombera ndimakwiya, kotero kunalinso mbendera mfuti "mfuti". izo idzapita ku msika pamaso kugwa Soviet Union kwathunthu kukhulupirira anthu kuti nthawi revolvers m'mbuyomu. Koma mfuti mosavuta kupikisana malo mu deta payekha.

Ngati inu muyang'ana, kwa zaka linafalitsidwa chiwerengero chachikulu cha zosintha wa mfuti, zomwe, ndi makhalidwe osiyana ntchito, akhala ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Komabe, choyambitsa limagwirira chibadidwe mu mfuti m'zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi mochedwa, sichinasinthe nkomwe.

zida zoopsa monga sitepe mu unyinji wa mfuti

Zazikulu chida, osati amapeza nthano, komanso wapeza mafani amene akufuna kugula ndekha kukhala zida wotchuka mwalamulo. Izo ziri chimodzimodzi zomwe analenga zoopsa mfuti "mfuti". Likungosonyeza zipolopolo mphira anali kuchepetsedwa ndi muyezo 5,45 mm, monga ndi 7,62 mamilimita mphira chipolopolo ndi zabwino aiming akadali analola kuti asiye kavalo. Komanso, kuchepetsa mphamvu wotseka wa Atamuloza mbiya anali kwambiri adzafupikitsidwa, ndi ku Atamuloza mfuti analowa kagawo kakang'ono mfuti smoothbore. ndi kusinthidwa amenewa la zida lodziwika bwino sanali mafani koma chifukwa chosowa analogues anali kukhala wokhutira ndi zimene tili nazo.

Popularity zoopsa mfuti mu ntchito akadali kwambiri. Komanso, zoopsa mfuti, monga wapachiyambi, komabe akuwombera zipolopolo likuvutika mpweya ufa, ndi kwa mafani wa ankhondo chida mfuti mu Baibulo ili ndi wamtengo wapatali kuposa mfuti kuti akuwombera mpweya wothinikizidwa. Panthawi yake anaonekera pa nthawi yomweyo pneumatic mfuti "mfuti" akupangabe ogula konse kwa mphindi angaiwale za zida lodziwika bwino.

Kuwombera - kotero kuwombera

Wotchuka Izhmash Concern, amene amadziwika zikomo padziko lonse yopanga Kalashnikov kumenya mfuti, kuyambira 1942 chinkhoswe mu kupanga ndi wamakono wa mfuti "mfuti". Ndipotu pa World nkhondo II Tula Zida fakitale anali anasamutsidwa kuti Izhevsk. Ndipo pa kugwa kwa Soviet Union, chifukwa katundu zida kudziko lina, kampani kuchuluka mphamvu.

Kungoyambira kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma makumi awiri kwa nthawi lero unakhala wotchuka kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito mfuti mpweya. Pneumatic mfuti "mfuti" Mwachangu anapeza ogula ndi mafani. Kunja ndi zofanana kwambiri ndi mapeto choyambirira cha m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi. Koma tinafotokoza mwatsatanetsatane Tingaone kuti chogwiririra ndi Integrated wothinikizidwa mpweya yamphamvu. Makoma a mbiya, mosiyana choyambirira khoma zoonda ali yemweyo chizindikiro mfuti "mfuti" mu umodzi Mabaibulo a m'mbuyomo.

Musaiwale za okhometsa

Kufunika kwa mfuti, mwapafupi monga zotheka kwa pachiyambi, konse chazilala mwa okhometsa. Tsopano sitingathe kunena chimodzimodzi chifukwa anapezerapo mfuti mbendera "mfuti MP-313" kuti misa popanda kufunsa limodzi ndi okhometsa wotchuka. Kugogoda akupera chiwerengero siriyo, kuchititsa pa mbadwa manyazi laser yotani "Baikal" a mbewu, Mlengi wakumanitsa mfuti zothandiza kudziwa mbiri yakale, kuletsa wokhometsa tikhale ndi mfuti. Powona anachita msika ku chida latsopano, gulu lasintha luso kupanga. Kotero apo panali chizindikiro mfuti "mfuti P-2". Kusiya siriyo chiwerengero ndi mbadwa kulemba ndi chizindikiro fakitale lili kumbuyo kwa mfuti.

Popeza ankaphunzira ndemanga zoipa makasitomala a mbiya inabala, Mlengi anakana kusintha awiri mkati mwa mbiya kuipanikiza. Kuwononga mfuti kuti adziteteze kuwombera moyo zipolopolo zipolopolo m'njira ziwiri - adadzonga ng'oma 10 mm, kuwonjezera pansi Zhevelo kumanga ndi mbiya kudzera chimango kumanja ndipo anaikapo chachikulu mokhomerera pini. Chikhomo awiri a 8 mamilimita ndi welded kuti thunthu ndi mosamala sanded pansi pamodzi m'mphepete.

Koma kodi Flaubert?

Flaubert likungosonyeza katiriji ndi 4 mamilimita liwulo dziwe mathamangitsidwe mphamvu ya mpweya ufa sichinayambe anayamikira mu FSU. Pa palibe sanathe kukhulupirira kuti pansi katiriji Flaubert sichifunika alola, ndiye 4 mamilimita likungosonyeza anaukitsidwa kuseka. Koma anakumana ndi mavuto a kukula liwiro yoyamba ya chipolopolo mu mfuti pneumatic, imene mwina zoipazi yamphamvu ndi otsika kapena kasupe si mokwanira okhwima, ogula kulabadira zachilendo. Ndipo maonekedwe a dongosolo mfuti, "mfuti" chambered kwa Flaubert chinathandiza kuchuluka kufunika kwa mfuti waukulu chonchi mu msika manja.

Zinali mfuti nkhondo kuti salola kupha kapena kuvulaza munthu likuomba zipolopolo likuvutika mphamvu ya mpweya ufa ndi sikutanthauza chilolezo cha boma. Ndi loto chabe. Zazikulu kugula - chifukwa chopereka zoweta zida, komanso zinthu panja.

Nagan ndi Modding

Popeza azimuth kwa zaka za m'ma 21, tikuona kuti mwa eni mfuti kusinthidwa otchuka katundu, onse zowoneka ndi kusintha makhalidwe ntchito. The wamakono woyamba poyera chogwirira mfuti. Monga chuma ndi ntchito nkhuni losema, PCB, organic galasi ndi dongosolo chidude kapena nonferrous zitsulo. Pakuti mwatsatanetsatane wabwino ndi lolondola kuwombera mfuti akhoza okonzeka ndi mbuyo lopinda. njira Izi si kuwombera mu mlengalenga, ndi motsindika, ngati mfuti, amene lipindulitsa pa maphunziro kuwombera.

Kusintha makhalidwe ntchito anakhazikitsa laser, kuwala kapena collimator kuona, zimathandiza kusintha molondola. Pa thunthu wokwera muffler, amene akutumikira monga achotse kwambiri pa kuwomba, kuchepetsa amadza kwa ziro. Ngakhale yofanana pa mutu wa wamakono wa mfuti kwambiri, palibe kofunika chitsanzo loyamba la lodziwika bwino mfuti "Nagant" ya m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi mochedwa.