Kuwonongeka - ndi chiyani ichi? Kuwonongeka zolinga. Tanthauzo la "kuwonongeka"

Lero, mu nyengo za mofulumira kusintha dziko digito kukhala pa mayendedwe a zochitika zovuta. Kuti izo zonse ziyenera bwino zolinga, zolinga, kugawira ndi nthumwi. Logic ndi kusanthula - ndi ogwira bwino kuthetsa mavuto zovuta. Chimodzi cha zida ndi zomveka kumanga kuwonongeka. Tiyeni tione mwatsatanetsatane.

tanthauzo

Ambiri, tanthauzo la kuwonongeka - kugawikana kwa lonse m'zigawo. Ndi njira wokongola osavuta kumva kuti amathandiza tsiku kuthetsa mavuto zovuta ndi kupereka iwo monga Uwerenge mbali. Kumangidwa zomveka a dongosolo kuwonongeka - njira sayansi vuto lalikulu ndi kuchotsa ntchito yake angapo ang'onoang'ono ndi kosavuta.

Childs, kuwonongeka ikuchitika ntchito "mtengo wamavuto", "Mtengo wa zolinga", "chisankho mtengo", "mtengo ntchito", pomanga amene anapanga bwino dongosolo masanjidwe, kuphatikizapo subordination ofukula ndi yopingasa ndi feedbacks.

Features

Chifukwa cha kuwonongeka aliyense - ndi structural subordination malamulo a njira. Wofunikila ndi lolamulira dongosolo lonse la malamulo ndi izi:

1) Nthawi zonse ziyenela kuyan'anidwa dongosolo mlingo.

njira kuwonongeka zachokera Kumvetsela m'munsi mlingo wokwererapo. Izi zimatheka ndi kumanga dongosolo masanjidwe ntchito otchedwa "mtengo".

Koyamba kumanga mtengo wamavuto ndi zolinga mtengo bwino ndi zowoneka kuimira ntchito zimene zilipo pa mphindi. Amagonjera izi Chioneke kotero kuti ntchito mlingo m'munsi limasonyeza akamanena za ntchito mlingo wapamwamba, ndi onse boma mavuto ndi ntchito mu uthunthu wake. Kumvetsa yeniyeni ndi wathunthu chithunzi cha ntchito kuchuluka kuwonongeka kwa ntchito imachokera pamene zolinga mtengo wodzazidwa 100%.

Motsogozedwa ndi ajebura yosavuta yokhala ndi mfundo zomveka, n'zothekanso kuti amange "mtengo ndi" ndi "mitengo kapena".

2) kugawa lonse m'magulu Pasakhale zimachitika chifukwa cha nkhani imodzi.

Mfundo Izi zikutanthauza kuti onse boma ntchito adzakhala nkhani zoti limodzi ndi cholinga. Mwachitsanzo, kuwonongeka kungakhale yomanga. Monga waukulu gawo Mbali anatengera mbali zinchito ntchitoyi lagawidwa m'magawo. Mwachitsanzo, mwina monga zigawo izi: yomanga ndi simenti analimbitsa (QOL) ndi njira mapulani (AR), zitsulo zomangamanga (cm), Kutentha ndi mpweya (Os), etc. Nayenso malo awa ayeneranso unagwa mwa ntchito, ndiye mlingo yotsatira ya kum'mwera mipherezero-ziziperekedwa ndi zolinga zikuluzikulu. Mwachitsanzo, Kutentha ndi mpweya gawo (S) sagwirizana chifukwa ndi mawu ofotokozera chithunzichi, yokongola, ndime ya ulamuliro normative ndi kuyendera luso, zolembedwa, mabwana, kusintha malinga ndemanga ndi zina zotero.

Mu nthawi chimango (nthawi) Angagwiritsidwenso ntchito monga mbali amakana makhalidwe, mbali structural, makhalidwe processing, ndi ena.

3) Onse subsystems kuwonongeka ayenera kuulula akamanena za kachitidwe.

Ngati ife kulingalira ntchito zazikulu monga 100%, ndiye subtasks onse kupanga chimodzimodzi 100% yathunthu. Pankhaniyi, aliyense boma ntchito mlingo woyamba zizindikiro kuchuluka ulamuliro woimira Uwerenge subtasks mlingo wachiwiri.

Nkofunika kuzindikira kuti onse olekanitsidwa ndi mlingo wina wa subtasks ayenera kukhala osadalira pa wina ndi mzake, pamene utsogoleri wolowezana wa ntchito pa nthambi chomwecho zikhazikitsidwe mfundo kudalira ndi mayankho: vuto apamwamba mlingo zimadalira subtask ake ndi mosemphanitsa.

4) Kuphunzira Kuzama kuwonongeka ayenera kutsimikiza mtima poyamba.

Pamaso munakonza dongosolo masanjidwe, muyenera kusankha adzakhala mlingo lotsiriza la subtasks. Nthawi zina si koyenera kulenga kwambiri a misinkhu, popeza cholinga cha kuwonongeka ndi aone. Ngati kumene utsogoleri wolowezana analengedwa kuti kuwerengetsera enieni, chiwerengero cha zigawo akhale monga kutsegula mutu mwatsatanetsatane mmene ndingathere.

Gawo

Pakali pano, pali mitundu ingapo ya kuwonongeka. Mutha kupanga njira yanu pa ntchito yeniyeni. Komabe, wamkulu kapena wamng'ono mmene zikugwirizanirana zofunika, ndicho kuwonongeka chandamale (woyamba ndi view lofunika) machitidwe (ndondomeko kuswedwa dongosolo mu subsystems ndi cholinga cha phunziro ndi kupeza zotsatira zabwino), izi zimachitika (kukonzekera ufumu wolowezana ntchito chikhazikitso zofooka ndi kusakonda waukulu ndi chofunikila).

Kawirikawiri, njira izi zonse ndi zogwirizana ndi zambiri amaimira wathunthu kuwonongeka dongosolo.

kuwonongeka zolinga

Kuti muyambepo, kukopedwa mtengo wamavuto ndi zolinga mtengo. Vuto mtengo - ndi chipika chithunzi cha mavuto waukulu, wosweka mu vuto la mlingo wachiwiri ndi wachitatu. Motero, kukhala zosavuta kwambiri kuthetsa. Patapita kusanthula mwatsatanetsatane mavuto wapangidwa zolinga mtengo umene amaloledwa mavuto mtengo. Kuti ali, aliyense yothetsera vuto, okonza. Izi zimasunga kukonza kale kukonzekera ndi kudalirana subtasks.

kusanthula kanthu

Kuwonongeka kwa ntchito - ndi zomveka zomangamanga, amene akuyamba pamene anasonyeza mwa zonse zolinga ndi mavuto ndi dongosolo masanjidwe zochita zonse kucitika vuto ichi kapena icho.

mfundo imeneyi zimathandiza kuzindikira zikuluzikulu, zomwe ndi mavuto. Popeza subtasks zimadalira ntchito waudindo, ntchito mtengo limakupatsani mukuona pamene pali mavuto ndi zolakwa. Nthawi zambiri chifukwa zofooka mlingo woyamba wa kuwonongeka zimakhudza ntchito misinkhu m'munsi.

Mwachitsanzo, ngati wogula si ntchito pa zomangira za, kuwerengera si unachitikira nkhani ndipo musati kugula iwo. Pantchitoyo onse sikuthandiza, chifukwa installers sangakwanire zomangira kudziletsa pogogoda.

tingachipeze powerenga madyerero

Kwa kusanthula tsatanetsatane wa nyumba, kuzindikira zofooka zawo, zolinga zazikulu ndi mayendedwe, ntchito, ntchito ndi ntchito ikuchitika machitidwe kuwonongeka.

dongosolo agawidwa horizontally ndi vertically mu misinkhu. Iwo ayenera kupanga chithunzi chonse cha dongosolo la. kachitidwe kuwonongeka - ichi ndi chitsanzo wamba kulowezana kwa mtundu uliwonse wa kuwonongeka.

Ntchito mu malonda

Kufotokoza ndi kutanthauzira ntchito za makampani, monga ulamuliro, ntchito ndondomeko kuwonongeka. Mothandizidwa ndi utsogoleri wolowezana angathe kudziwa mfundo zofooka za kampaniyo, m'madera zolephera zimachitika.

Njira zochepetsera chiwembu akukhudzidwira ndi kusanthula, kenako lipoti zambiri za kampaniyo.

Chitsanzo cha kuwonongeka

Mwachitsanzo, taganizirani ntchito yomanga zinthu likulu yomanga. Development ikuchitika masitepe 2: zolembedwa ntchito ndi zolembedwa mwaluso kwambiri. Ichi chidzakhala mlingo woyamba wa boma ntchito-. Pa nthawi kapangidwe Adzaperekedwa pafupifupi kuphunzira ndi ntchito. Pa ntchito mwatsatane chimodzimodzi. Izi chachiwiri mlingo subtask. Mwachitsanzo, polojekiti nthawi kuperekedwa mu mawonekedwe a mbali zotsatirazi:

• Chidule;
• mapulani bungwe chiwembu dziko ;
• kamangidwe njira;
• moyenera ndipo malo akukonzekera njira.

Otsatidwa ndi kum'mwera zigawo:

• dongosolo mphamvu;
• madzi dongosolo;
• dongosolo ngalande;
• Kutentha, mpweya ndi mpweya, Intaneti Kutentha;
• zolankhulirana;
• mpweya okwanira dongosolo;
• njira zamakono.

Ndime ndi Ndime ya polojekiti ndi zikalata ntchito - ichi ndi mlingo lachitatu subtasks.

Chigawo chilichonse imakhala magawo ena ndipo adzakhala ali ndi mfundo malinga ndi mfundo boma. Mwachitsanzo, chigawo cha ntchito njira zamakono njira kuyenera kuphatikizapo lemba nkhani ya mu ndondomeko flowsheet ndi zida ankalandira mbali likutipatsa (mapulani, zigawo, masanjidwe), zida lotengeka, kupanga mapulani, kupita malo, kudutsa ulamuliro normative ndi ulamuliro luso, ndi zolembedwa kumasulidwa.

Pa mulingo uliwose, woikidwa ndi executors ndi udindo kenako chofunika chifukwa. Mu chitsanzo ichi, mlingo woyamba wa kuwonongeka kwa asangalatsi ndi - ndi mutu wa dipatimenti kamangidwe, wachiwiri - Mkulu wa akatswiri okonza cha polojekiti (GUI), wachitatu - akatswiri opanga.

Mbali yofunika kwambiri

Kuwonongeka - ndi njira mfundo ofunda, othandiza kuphunzira Mkhalidwe zokhudza vuto lalikulu, monga waukulu cholinga cha ntchitoyi. Izi zipangitsa nkhani ya ndodo paliponse kuti akonze ntchito Mipikisano mlingo. Zimenezi zimathandiza polojekiti efficiently kwambiri, ndi ndalama kochepa ndalama komanso khama.