"Kutamandira Cross." Rubens - wokongola Baroque namatetule

Mu mbiri ya maina angapo kuti imakhudzana ndi kubadwa kwa kalembedwe latsopano luso chikoka cha lothandiza wonse. Zojambula pa mutu wa masautso a Khristu, amene anamubweretsa iye kutchuka European (pakati pawo - "kukwezedwa pa Mtanda"), Rubens atsegula tsamba latsopano pachithunzipa, lotchedwa la Baroque.

mfumu amisiri

wojambula Izi ankaona mphunzitsi wake amaphunzira zosiyanasiyana nthawi ndi malangizo. Peter Paulo Rubens anali ophunzira ambiri m'mibadwo yake, zojambula wake anakopera Velázquez ndi Delacroix chidwi Impressionists ndi avant-garde.

Iye anabadwa mu 1577 m'tauni German wa Siegen, komwe bambo wake anathamanga Mprotestanti ku Flanders ku kuzunzidwa kwa Akatolika. Pambuyo pa imfa yake, banja anatengera Chikatolika ndipo anabwerera ku Antwerp Rubens anakhala mwakhama kuphunzira zojambula ndi kupenta.

Mbali yofunika kwambiri pa moyo wa mbuye anali anakhala ku Italy, kumene ophatikizana zinthu zamtendere ndi kulenga, kuphunzira ntchito za ambuye wa sukulu Venetian ndipo ankakonda ntchito ndi kuwunika pa zojambula Caravaggio a.

Mu 1608, iye anabwerera ku Antwerp okhwima wojambula ndi virtuosity ndi kalembedwe zawo. Iye analandira malangizo nyengo kulenga zojambula pa mitu achipembedzo, kuphatikizapo "The kutamandira Cross" kwa Cathedral wa Lady athu.

Triptychs za kukhudzika kwa Khristu

Mkati mwa tchalitchi ndi anayi zolengedwa ndi Rubens, Pakati awiri akuluakulu triptych, wopangidwa mwa mapanelo 4-mita-mkulu matabwa. Iwo analemba Peter Paulo Rubens zithunzi za ku masautso a Khristu: "kukwezedwa pa Mtanda", "Zinafika ku Cross" ndi yocheperako chimodzi - "Kuuka kwa Khristu" ndi kupenta "The Mfundo wa Wodalitsika Namwali Mariya."

ntchito ikuyamba khumi wokondwa mu moyo wa mbuye. Peter Paulo Rubens ndi wachimwemwe m'banja, analenga msonkhano, amene amakhala kuti ophunzira ochokera ku Ulaya, wazunguliridwa ndi ulemu wa anthu amene ali ndi mphamvu ndi kulemekezedwa ndi connoisseurs wa luso ndi amisiri anzake.

The view mwambo wa luso

An kusankha chidwi zithunzi za mawonekedwe yokha: "kukwezedwa pa Mtanda" Rubens ali mawonekedwe a triptych mapanelo yaikulu thundu. Triptych anali ndi mukanthawi aiwala, ngati mwini chilengedwe anali msonkho kwa miyambo ndi umboni chikhalidwe mkulu ndi maphunziro abwino Rubens.

Kulemba mapanelo mtengo - ndi wokalamba Flemish mwambo, ndipo komabe zojambula zimenezi kuwoneka chonyezimira ngati chabe yokutidwa ndi varnish, amene kumawonjezera amadza zithunzi kwa iwo. kali Kwambiri chidwi ndi sikelo yake - kotero kuti kukula kwa mbali yaikulu ya "mtanda kukwezedwa" - 4.6 × 3.4 m, ndi Ufumuyo thereto uku kutseka kuti uchiwo usatuluke - 4.6 × 1.5 m.

The kali kunja kwa mapanelo amagwira kale ntchito zifanizo za oyera anapanga kalembedwe kukongoletsa. Choncho ndi "kutamandira Cross." Rubens chikusonyezera kumanzere shutter St. Amanda ndi Woyera Walpurga, kumanja - Oyera Eligius ndi Catherine.

mafotokozedwe

Chiwembu - wina zojambula otchuka - yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi Rubens ndipo kangapo. Choncho, Louvre kusungidwa sketched unpreserved Zojambula pakhoma "Hoisting mtanda" (1620) ndi mphamvu ya mphamvu chidwi makamaka zimalimbikitsa triptych wa Antwerp tchalitchi.

Kutembenuza pa yaikulu m'dera pali zilembo 22, wathunthu thupi ndi maganizo nkhawa. Mphamvu ya kapangidwe akukhudzidwira ndi zinapatsira - yogwira kukwezedwa mtanda opendekera, gulu la azimayi akulira pakhomo kumanzere, asilikali ndi anthu amene asasanyika kuphedwa kumanja - mzere anapanga ndi iwo adzalowa mogwirizana yogwira mbali kulumikiza ndi chithunzithunzi chonse cha monolith lapansi.

Pa pane kumanzere pamwamba - mavuto, Yosefe ndi Mariya, m'munsimu - olira. Background masamba ndi chigawo chapakati cha triptych ndi sizimawoneka ngati chifanizo cha malo, koma maganizo cha Mwana wa Mulungu, iwo inextricably zogwirizana ndi kumanja ali pamodzi ndi maziko a chapakati akuopsa kumwamba pa Gologota.

Chithunzi chapakati kupenta - Yesu - ndi a maseŵero, mawonekedwe ake limafanana ndi ukulu wa zochitika kupitirirabe m'tsogolo. Laperekedwa lachinsinsi kuwala, maonekedwe ake amayang'ana yowutsa mudyo mwamphamvu ngati kuti khama kwambiri polera mtanda Musafooke. Yesu view anafotokoza akamanena yokoka imeneyi - akuvutika chifukwa cha machimo a anthu onse, ndi mtengo umenewu ft Sindingachite yaikulu. amuna amphamvu ophatikizidwa mu thupi limodzi yoweyula bugryaschuyusya minofu mu mphamvu aliwonse amene ali cholinga kutamandira Cross. Rubens ndi luso lapadera kwambiri, ndipo chidziwitso cha thunthu la thupi la munthu amasonyeza modziwika limaonetseratu kuika kufotokoza voteji yoopsa wina, ululu ndi matenda ena.

N'zochititsa chidwi kuona ndi Rubens - nyama zojambulajambula. Kavalo kumanja si otsika ku expressiveness ya zilembo anthu, ndi galu otchulidwa Pachithunzipa, ndipo sanatchulidwe Baibulo limanena, koma kwambiri kumathandiza kuti chiwerengero cha wowoneka ndi kumenya tanthauzo, m'miyambo yawo ndi luso la Ages Middle.

mfumu amisiri

Yeniyeni chithunzi, limaonetseratu sculptural mawerengeredwe kuwala ndi mthunzi, kuchuluka kwa mitundu, wodzala ndi mphamvu iliyonse centimeter lalikulu la danga lalikulu la cithunzithunzi - mbali zapadera chodabwitsa chodabwitsa luso dzina lake Peter Paulo Rubens.