Kremlin Daimondi Fund. Ulendowu ndi boma la Russia. Fund la Russia diamondi

Aliyense amene chidwi mu zakale wa Moscow, boma la Russia amadziwa Fund Daimondi. tambirimbiri ochepa likulu zimabweretsa ulemu ndi chidwi.

Kremlin Daimondi Fund ndi gulu lapadera la ntchito zodzikongoletsera luso zaka 18-20. zosonkhanitsira wake kumakhala yokha chodabwitsa zitsulo zamtengo wapatali, zitsanzo za ngale osowa. Aliyense wa zinthu kukhudzana ndi a sayansi ndi luso chidwi kwambiri, komanso mtengo wapatali zakuthupi.

A pang'ono History Museum

Foundation Collection anayamba m'nthawi ya chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chitatu. Peter Ine, kutenga chitsanzo cha mafumu a Europe, anapereka lamulo ponena kuti chuma chimene anali mu m'nyumba yachifumu, chuma cha tsars Russian ndi losadziwika, iwo ali ndi boma, monga chuma dziko. Pambuyo "Renteria" Peter mtengo kusungidwa mu malo osankhidwa ichi, ndipo kuyambira 1839 - mu Zima Palace (mu ofesi Daimondi a). Zodzikongoletsera anthu regalia akulamulira anapatsidwa chabe "ntchito osakhalitsa".

Kufuna apamwamba kuposa olamulira akunja, mafumu ndi mfumukazi ya chuma Russian mu khoti anayesa kuonjezera. Catherine II ndi Elizabeth makamaka madipoziti lalikulu zidalengedwa.

Pambuyo mfundo zonse za First World nkhondo mosintha ndipo mofulumira, popanda kufufuza, anatengedwa kuchokera Petrograd. Iwo anavomereza kuti Moscow Kremlin (mu amadutsa popita Kosungira Zida), pamene iwo ali mu kuda ndipo anakhala pafupi zaka zisanu ndi zitatu.

Pambuyo pa October kuukira boma la Hermitage deta ndi chuma cha boma la Russia mozizwitsa anapulumuka. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma otsiriza, palibe m'dzikolo malire otere miyala yamtengo wapatali, zodzikongoletsera, monga Russia.

zaka zisanu kenako anayamba kugwira ntchito ntchito pa kuona ndi chizindikiritso cha zinthu zodzikongoletsera ndi Tirhana na Timatheriyali. Chifukwa cha iwo, wakhala zikutsimikiziridwa ndi wapadera phindu luso ndi mbiri ya zaka nduna Daimondi. Komanso, Commission anaona kufunika kusungitsa ndi kuphunzira zosonkhanitsira bwinobwino, pophatikiza mu State nyumba yosungiramo katundu.

Ngakhale zili chomwechi, zogulitsa okwana zotsalira anayamba. Choncho, 1923 anali zoterezi kwambiri mu mbiri ya thumba. Pa nthawi imeneyo, chifukwa zodzikongoletsera Russian amene anaonekera pa ogulitsira malonda mu London, Berlin, Amsterdam ndipo Antwerp, panali weniweni kumuyalutsa ndale. Komanso, mu 1925, ku Nyumba ya mabungwe, anaganiza kutsegula chionetsero cha zotsalira za unsold, anabwera kuchokera kunja kusonyeza awo sanamuvulaze ndi bwinobwino, kuti Leka mpaka milandu, potero kutsimikizira dziko la solvency yake.

Akugulitsa uyu wa Zosayiwalika ndi zodzikongoletsera pamwamba. Kuyambira 1925-1936 gg. Iwo anagulitsidwa kwa zambiri zopangidwa ndi miyala yamtengo wapatali wapadera ndi diamondi. katswiri izi adzatsala okha photos, pamene mu Russia sadzabwereranso.

Mu 1967 iye anatsegula chionetsero cha Fund Daimondi. Pankhaniyi, aliyense anali chidwi ulendo kwa boma la Russia. Chionetsero anakopeka chidwi zosaneneka, ndipo anagwira kangapo, ndipo asakhale owonetsera zakale. gawo Inviolable wa golide katundu wa boma la dziko ndi kukhala subordinated ku Unduna wa Zachuma.

The Fund la Russia Daimondi ankaona kuti n'kofunika kuthamanga dzanja lake mtsogoleri aliyense wa Soviet Union. Khrushchev pang'ono kapu Monomakh kwa mmodzi wa aang'ono limati osauka pansi Brezhnev yotayikayo malamulo ndi diamondi. Mu 1989, amagulitsa nsombazo anagulitsidwa kuchuluka yaikulu zithunzi wapatali.

Ndithudi, pakhala nkhani jewelers yofanana ndi kusonkhanitsa pulatinamu ndi golide yokha, Yakut diamondi. Koma zambiri ntchito yapadera anachita zinthu zakale ndi zopereka payekha m'mayiko osiyanasiyana. Unknown mpaka pano malo a zolengedwa zosiyanasiyana zamtengo wapatali.

Kremlin Daimondi Fund lero

Panthawi za mbali mbiri ya msonkhamsonkha ndi za makumi asanu ndi awiri nkhani. Mbali yaikulu ya chionetsero mu 1967 kudzadza Atapeza madipoziti daimondi ku Yakutia, komanso pambuyo chisankho boma kumatumiza miyala yolemera carats oposa makumi asanu waikamo mu Fund Daimondi boma la Russia a.

Pakuti owonetsera zakale alendo kuona chionetserocho zambiri akuyamba ndi milandu anaonetsa, amene anasonyeza mchere wofunika. Pa nthawi imeneyi, anapereka lalikulu luso ndi zodzikongoletsera miyala yolemera zikwizikwi carats. Kuwonjezera diamondi, ulendo ku Fund Daimondi tiziona miyala ya safiro, emeralds ndi zina miyala yamtengo wapatali ndi theka-mtengo wapatali, ndi miyala theka-mtengo wapatali wa Urals. Maulendo kuti tsiku kuthira mu zipinda azilandira otaya, komanso kusiya pa zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho a "7 zodabwitsa za Fund Daimondi." Izi zikuphatikizapo diamondi "Shah" (pa 88,70 carats), zomwe wateteza zake zachilengedwe mawonekedwe, diamondi, "Graf Orlov" (189.62 carats), m'mbuyomu malo a ulemu kwa mfumu ndodo, kuphwa wapadera diamondi, safiro buluu mtundu (258, 18K), ndi kukula mu dziko lapansi, ndi kulusolito.

Mwa mfundo yaikulu ya chuma cha Russia akuti ndi moyenerera Great Imperial Korona. Ieremiya Poze, bwalo jeweler, ilo linapangidwa mu 1762 ndi dongosolo la Catherine II. koronayu ndi chokongoletsedwa ndi ngale ndi diamondi lotayirira, koma amaona kuti kukhala mbali yofunikira kwambiri ya rube chachikulu (398.72 carats), nduna mwa Fund 7 miyala yapadera.

alendo ambiri a mumzindawo ndi chidwi kwambiri zakale a boma la Russia. Diamondi Fund, zifukwa zoonekeratu, ndi limodzi mwa anapita.

Great Imperial Korona

korona uyu, olengedwa mwa 1762, Eckart (jeweler) ndi Ieremiey Poze (diamondi osoka) Catherine II. Master anaweramuka 4936 diamondi siliva, kusonyeza nzeru za zingwe ndi mizere iwiri ya lalikulu ngale matte. Chithunzi wolemekezeka korona wangwiro, pa nthawi yomweyo lodzala ndi tanthauzo kwambiri. Gululi hemispheres pansi nthambi thandizo mlombwa, zomwe ndi zizindikiro za ulemerero ndi mphamvu. Ndipo pakati pa hemispheres mu chithunzi korona anaika zipatso zokwana ndi masamba thundu, kusonyeza mphamvu ndi mphamvu ya linga la. Komanso pa korona wa spinel mfulu, ndi osowa mwala wa wofiira zimalimbikitsa. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa ntchito zofunika kwambiri za luso lomwe lili Kremlin Daimondi Fund.

Small Imperial Korona

Izo analengedwa mu 1856 ndi jeweler Zeftigenom kwa coronation wa Maria Alexandrovna. Iwo anapanga fano la korona zazikulu; pa mbali ya kophimba chokongoletsedwa ndi quatrefoil, daimondi mtanda limatuluka pa Arc, ndi m'mphepete m'munsi 22 korona chokongoletsedwa diamondi lalikulu. Chimakopa chidwi cha aliyense amene anabwera boma la Russia Daimondi Fund (zithunzi Tingaone m'nkhani ino).

lachifumu ndodo

Ilo linapangidwa chifukwa Catherine II kumayambiriro 1770s. Ntchito zipangizo: diamondi "Orlov", golide, diamondi, enamel, siliva.

mphamvu lachifumu

Izo analengedwa mu 1762 kuti GF Eckart (khoti jeweler) kwa Catherine II. Zipangizo: golide, safiro, diamondi, siliva, diamondi. Mu makumi asanu ndi awiri m'zaka zoyambirira za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chitatu iwo anali chokongoletsedwa ndi miyala iwiri, lomwe linasintha maonekedwe ake. Pakati poluobruchem ndi diamondi openwork mtanda atazungulira diamondi anaikidwa safiro chachikulu (200 carats), ndipo mu malo kugwirizana lamba poluobruchem anali daimondi lalikulu (46.92 carats), kumakhala woyera, ndi pang'ono bluish mwala kulocha. maonekedwe Mphamvu anapeza pansi Paulo I. Mu mtanda wakhala safiro yaikulu, ndi daimondi yaikulu adaika Pakati malamba daimondi.

Diamondi "Shah"

Izi daimondi ku India kuti 88,7 carats. Mwamtheradi mandala, pang'ono bulauni-chikasu mwala. Poyambira pa limanena kuti m'malo atavala chithumwa wake. 3 ali asamalidwe eni ake lalembedwa izo, komanso masiku kake.

"Rubin Kaisara"

Stone pinki ndi yowutsa mudyo kapezi mtundu, amene kuphatikiza mwangwiro ndi enamel wobiriwira ndi masamba golide, yomwe ili pa tsinde bifurcated mosamala wokutidwa ndi wakuda ndi woyera enamel. Faceted mwala mphesa.

Diamondi chizindikiro ndi nyenyezi ya Order Andreya Pervozvannogo

Nthawi yoyamba zikamera wa kuti Russian, umene unali mpaka 1917 ndi mphoto apamwamba a ufumuwo. Chokongoletsedwa ndi diamondi nyenyezi pamtanda anasandulika Wapamwamba, zhaluemym pa kuchenjera kwa Peter I.

Maulendo kuti Fund Daimondi

Anthu pofuna kuona chionetserocho kumeneko oongoka maulendo tsiku, kupatula maholide, ndi Lachinayi. Ntchito ikuchitika mu mawonekedwe a magawo. The Fund wa matikiti Kremlin Daimondi zikhoza kugulidwa ndi alendo - maulendo munthu imachitika mu zinenero zosiyana.

The kufotokoza Zidzakhala zosangalatsa zonse, mosasamala kanthu za mtundu kapena zaka.