Kodi Mzimuyo mawonekedwe a maselo? mawonekedwe selo

Today tikambirana funso: "Kodi Mzimuyo mawonekedwe selo". Kuyamba, tiona kuti thupi lathu linapangidwa kwathunthu maselo payekha. Ndipo onse wathu ziwalo ndi kunja - ndi constructor, mbali zikuluzikulu za zomwe - yaing'ono selo, tikuona yekha pansi simungathe kutiona.

Kodi Mzimuyo mawonekedwe a maselo? Pano mukhoza kusankha zinthu zingapo, limene ife kulemba pang'ono. Choyamba tiyenera tidziwe bwino za kapangidwe (loukitsa) selo. Nkofunika kudziwa mfundo yakuti onse a iwo akhoza kugawidwa m'magulu:

• masamba;
• nyama;
• mabakiteriya maselo.

Tiona mtundu payokha.

selo

zamoyo zonse padziko ife wapangidwa ndi maselo, amene ali M'mimbamo atazungulira Kakhungu. danga Izi dzenje ladzala ndi madzi ndi njira wambiri, zochokera - madzi.

Kotero ife tikhoza kunena: Selo - unit zofunika, iwo sangakhoze yekha kupanga zambiri, koma kulibe paokha. Ali zingapo zochititsa monga:

• kagayidwe;
• kuli ake;
• kudziletsa kubalana;
• chitukuko.

Nkofunika kudziwa kuti akhoza kuchita mosiyanasiyana osiyana ndi makulidwe. Kodi Mzimuyo mawonekedwe a maselo, ife tidzaona bwinobwino pambuyo kuzolowerana ndi dongosolo lawo. Cell, ngati zamoyo zonse padziko lathuli evolves, ife samanena za ndondomeko ya kutembenuka, ndi ali ndi maonekedwe zamakono pa chotsatira.

kapangidwe

Ngakhale kuti mawonekedwe selo, kukula ndi kopita akhoza kukhala osiyanasiyana, iwo ndi dongosolo m'malo ofanana. Kupeza wamba mayunitsi structural:

• selo nembanemba;
• cytoplasm;
• pachimake.

Kuti, pali atatu mayunitsi structural, amene angapezeke nthawi zambiri. Komabe, pali kuchotserapo. Tengani minofu maselo wake wapangidwa Kakhungu, cytoplasm, ndipo mitima angapo. Tsopano taona chitsanzo pamene anati mofanana selo mitima angapo, koma kulibe wathunthu wa iwo. Chitsanzo cha chimake chachiwiri kungakhale erythrocyte. Yotsirizira alibe mbali ochuluka ndi mphamvu, kotero sikutheka kudzimvera adzikonzenso ndi kuberekana (chifukwa pakalibe phata ndi zimawonedwa).

Nkofunika kudziwa nanga protoplasm. Izi commonality wa phata ndi cytoplasm. Tsopano ife mwachidule zimene zimagwira ntchito zimagwiridwa ndi aliyense zikuluzikulu za selo. Kakhungu The akutumikira makamaka chotchinga ntchito alekanitsa protoplasm wa malowedwe a zinthu osafunika.

The cytoplasm akufanana zakudya ndi tichipeza zigawo zitatu:

• hyaloplasm;
• organelles;
• inclusions.

Iwo cytoplasm ndi udindo kwambiri m'thupi selo: kagayidwe, mphamvu ndi kuwombola zambiri.

Mwa onse ntchito ngale izi: lamulo la kagayidwe, RNA kaphatikizidwe, yosungirako ndi kufala kwa uthengawu ku maselo.

mawonekedwe

Kodi Mzimuyo mawonekedwe a maselo? Cholinga chawo - ndi wamkulu komanso woyamba. M'chigawo chino, ife kuunikila njira zotheka. Koma pamaso kuti ndikofunika kudziwa makulidwe awo, amene ali osiyana kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, mabakiteriya ena ndi kukula za 0.2 microns. Ngati wina adziwa 1 micron liri masauzande imodzi 1 mm. Chotero khungu sangathe kuona ndi apoyera, koma palinso Zitsanzo zazikulu (nkhuku dzira, zinziri, nthiwatiwa ndi zina zotero). Ndipotu - ndi selo limodzi lokha, ndi miyeso yake kufika masentimita 18 m'litali.

Timasiyanitsa njira zina:

• mpira;
• polyhedron;
• nyenyezi;
• yamphamvu ndi zina zotero.

Inu mukuona, pali zosiyanasiyana akalumikidzidwa ndi makulidwe a maselo. Mawonekedwe losavuta wa lymphocyte - mpira, ndi polyhedron protrude hepatocytes (maselo chiwindi), nyenyezi - osteoblast (fupa minofu) ndi zina zotero.

zomera maselo

Fomu chomera maselo amakhala chimodzimodzi, koma nyama ndi nkhani kusintha. Chomera ndi chipolopolo olimba kuti salola kuti usinthe.

Makulidwe ambiri amakhala pakati pa 10 ndi 100 microns (miyeso ya maselo apamwamba zomera). Koma pali maselo zikuluzikulu, iwo amagwiritsa ntchito m'matangadza cha zakudya ndi madzi. Awa ndi mbatata tubers kapena zipatso minofu. Tingaone ndi maselo apoyera mandimu zamkati, vembe kapena lalanje, monga kukula - ndi millimeters ochepa. Ena ulusi (fulakesi, nettle) kufika kutalika millimeters 80.

maselo nyama

Tsopano tidzakhalanso mwachidule akalumikidzidwa ndi makulidwe a maselo nyama. Nkofunika kudziwa komanso kuti iwo ndi dongosolo yosiyaniranapo kuposa masamba a. Yerekezerani zithunzi m'mbuyomu, ndipo gawo limeneli. Nthawi zambiri, maselo nyama ochepa kwambiri (50 microns). Choncho, kuti anaphunzitsidwa simungathe kutiona. Akalumikidzidwa ndi makulidwe ndi osiyana kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo:

• minofu selo - elongated mawonekedwe;
• magazi selo - chowulungika mawonekedwe;
• maselo a khungu - lathyathyathya kapena kapu woboola mtundu.

maselo bakiteriya

Ife kale yokutidwa mitundu ya maselo nyama ndi zomera, koma tione maselo bakiteriya? mabakiteriya onse akhoza kugawidwa m'magulu (mawonekedwe):

• ozungulira;
• ndodo;
• crimped.

Mungaone zitsanzo zina pa cithunzithunzi kuperekedwa mu chigawo. Mabakiteriya ang'ono kwambiri kukula, maselo amenewa zitha kuwoneka pansi mkulu magnification maso.