Kodi kusonkhana ndi Rubik a kyubu: malangizo oyamba

Kawirikawiri tingatani kugula chimwemwe mtheradi kuchita kanthu pamene tipereka mpumulo manja, miyendo, mutu ndi thupi lonse wonse. Nthawi zambiri, ife timaganiza kuti ife kuchita kanthu. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti munthu ndi wotanganidwa kwambiri m'chilengedwe. Iye kutopa ndikudabwa amorphous kayendedwe ka moyo. Ngati ife tinali ndi ufulu miniti, iye akhoza kufunsa cholinga choyambirira. Mwachitsanzo, kusonkhana kyubu ndi Rubik a. Malangizo yosonkhanitsa chithunzi ndi zenizeni kwambiri, koma kumvetsa izo si weniweni.

A pang'ono mabuku a mbiri yakale

Zaka zoposa 40 zapitazo, Chihangare ziboliboli Erno Rubik kuululidwa kwa dziko chithunzi nyama yake yotchuka, imene inkatchedwa monga mwa dzina mlembi. Ndiye, inventor anali nawo kuphunzitsa kapangidwe mafakitale ndi zomangamanga. Pali lomwe iye anabwera ndi kyubu kwa chiphunzitso chida, mungathe bwino kufotokoza ndizosowa zamoyo gulu masamu. Ophunzira zatsopano kumakhala kovuta - kuti ena atilakwira atembenuza momasuka pansi, popanda kuwononga structural umodzi za chithunzi cha. Motero, testers woyamba mabwenzi ndi ophunzira kyubu.

Mu 1975, Rubik a kyubu anali setifiketi, koma zaka ziwiri kenako anayambitsa kupanga mtanda malonda cubes. Choyamba anayamba kupanga mukupanga yaing'ono Budapest, amene ali pabwino monga kyubu Chaka Chatsopano chidole Rubik a. Malangizo khamu si kukondana, koma chinthu kunyenga chochuluka maluwa ndi chinsinsi chake. The chidole wakhala moona chilengedwe ndi kuitanitsa magulu onse a anthu. Kuwonjezereka chachiwiri cha kutchuka zinachitika pamene kyubu m'zimene manja a woperekera zakudya German bizinesi Tibor Lakzi, amakonda masamu. Iye anayamba kulimbikitsa mankhwala zosiyaniratu Tom Kremer - anayambitsa masewera bwino. Pamodzi, adakhoza kuthamanga "kiyubiki" kulanda ndi kumasula zidole oposa 100 miliyoni.

munthawi

Choncho, kuchuluka kwa nthawi mukhoza kusonkhanitsa kyubu ndi Rubik chiyani? Malangizo si makamaka anakopeka oyamba "puzzler". Choncho ali kusonkhanitsa wautali ndiponso yopweteka kwambiri. Anthu ambiri kuima ndi kuponyera anayamba Midway. Koma khamu la samu mwangwiro akufotokozera luso galimoto, kumapangitsa maganizo, kakuwasangalatsa ndipo amathandiza kumvetsa nokha. M'kupita kwa nthawi, anthu kumvetsa kuti mwachisawawa anasonkhanitsa chithunzi zovuta. Wina ali amachita ma aligorivimu kutsimikiziridwa. Ambiri "podsazhivatsya" ndi kupitiriza kwa khamu kudya. Anthu amenewa amatchedwa "spidkuberami", ndi ndondomeko palokha - "spidkubingom". Ngakhale anagwirizira Mpikisano boma pansi pa mothandizidwa ndi World kyubu Association. Today atchuke dziko masekondi 5,55. zokonzeka mphasa Wolf. Pamaso pake, nkhani dziko a Feliks Zemdegs ndipo anali masekondi 5,66. Malinga ndi mfundo zosavomerezeka adafuna ndi zotsatira masekondi 4,79.

kwa oyamba

Chotero inu atanyamula Rubik a kyubu. Assembly malangizo mpaka mwaphunzira kwambiri, ndipo mukufuna kuchita kumvetsa mmene ntchito ya samu. Mu zidole 6 mbali ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Pogula magulu onse limodzi ndi cubes wa mtundu womwewo. Tiyeni m'maganizo kuthamanga zakutchire ndi kutembenukira miniti kyubu pa nkhwangwa onse. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, patsogolo panu - kum'tanthauzira maluwa amene ankaoneka kuti kumasulira. Anthu ambiri amalangiza kutseka msonkhano kwathunthu disassemble ndi kyubu pa tsatanetsatane kuonetsetsa limagwirira zolondola. Ngati chirichonse chiri cholondola, ndiye kuti mwakonzeka pokonza. Kumanga kwa oyamba tichipeza magawo asanu ndi awiri, omwe ndi kukwaniritsa, ngakhale mwana.

Sitepe ndi sitepe kalozera: momwe kusonkhanitsa Rubik a kyubu

Muyenera kuganizira mbali woyera. Tiyerekeze kuti m'munsi amene wagwirizira dongosolo lonse. Nthawi iliyonse "chinyengo", onani mbali woyera umphumphu sanali kuonongeka. Mu gawo loyamba kusonkhanitsa woyera mtanda, kumene lalikulu woyera pakati. Onani kuti chikatikati Boma mbali amati mtundu kumene kusonkhanitsa zomwe. Pa gawo lachiwiri m'pofunika kuti asonkhane m'mphambano za mbali woyera. Kenako anthu woyera wosanjikiza m'mbali, mtanda wakumbuyo. Pambuyo kufunika chitani mayikidwe a nthiti ndi ngodya wosanjikiza otsiriza ndi zosiyana kwambiri ndi kumathandiza kupeza ngodya zabwino.

Pakati ambiri

malangizo otchuka kwambiri kusonkhana ndi Rubik a kyubu wa olemba Dzhessiki Fridrih. Njira imeneyi msonkhano mkulu-liwiro kuti sikutanthauza kasungidwe ambiri mitunduyi. Chinthu chachikulu - kumvetsa mfundo. Mu ndondomeko ya kupita ku mtanda mbali imodzi. Wosanjikiza woyamba Akusonkhanitsa imodzi ndi wachiwiri. The lathu lotsatira permutation mbali ya wosanjikiza chapamwamba.

yodziŵiratu zinthu pasadakhale

Ngati inu kuloweza njira sakufuna, ndiye kukoma adzakhala ndi sitepe ndi sitepe malangizo pa ndondomeko ya Rubik a kyubu Valery Morozov. Apa muyenera kuloweza mfundo za msonkhanowo. Choyamba anasonkhana eyiti ngodya zidutswa. Kenako, nthiti zinayi wosanjikiza pakati ali pamodzi mtanda pa mbali yake. Otsala m'mbali eyiti ayenera kupanga awiriawiri zolondola. Pa mapeto a m'magulu asanu focal amene anaika pa nkhope zawo.

Tipite pa Mzere wa

Ngati inu kale mlandu ndipo ngakhale anatha kusonkhanitsa chithunzi, mungathe kuyesa otchedwa Mzere njira. Ndi abwino kwa kyubu 5 5, koma sitima bwino Baibulo kakang'ono - 3 * 3.

Pa chitukuko cha njira ayenera kuti azitha kusiyanitsa pakati pa dzanja ndi kugwira kasinthasintha wa kyubu mu njira kutsogolo ndi motsutsa izo. Msonkhanowu imayamba ndi wowopsa woyera mtanda. Komanso, ayenera anawonjezera kuti zinthu okhota. Ntchito yanu - kuti limagwirizana ndi zinthu chapakati cha mbali chapamwamba, chimene kuchoka mtanda woyera. White okhota zinthu zofunika kusamukira ku mbali imodzi. Munthu wosadziwa mungaphunzire njira imeneyi Rubik a kyubu. Assembly malangizo oyamba a mtundu uwu si kophweka, koma limapereka malangizo zogwirizana. Konzekani mfundo yakuti si zovuta.

Kudziŵako

Iwo likukhalira kuti anthu ambiri adzabwera ndi aligorivimu, mmene kusonkhana kyubu ndi Rubik a. Sitepe ndi sitepe malangizo pamene si kwambiri. Mwina inunso adzatha mukupanga njira zake? Chirichonse n'zotheka, koma pali chidziwitso zikuluzikulu zomwe akhala akugwira kwa aliyense. Kotero, kyubu ali chimango - mtanda amene wokwera chigawo chapakati. zinthu zonse ndi makina, ndi kyubu imazungulira mbali zonse. Pakuti m'munsi kawirikawiri kutenga mbali woyera, ndi zosiyana - zambiri wachikasu. The kasinthasintha wa mbali n'zotheka mu mobwerera malangizo, motsutsa izo ndi madigiri 180. Ndi zina amadziwika kuti losavuta wadera zikuphatikizapo masitepe asanu ndi awiri motsatizana. Woyamba nthawizonse mtanda woyera

Mbali yaikulu

Choncho, musanayambe kyubu Rubik Mulungu, malangizo oyamba ndi lamanzere - za theka la ora. Izi zokwanira kuphunzira ndizosowa msonkhano. Poyamba, musati kuthamangitsa nthawi. Khalani ndi chabe mchitidwe kudzakuthandizani kukhala spidkuberom. Padakali pano, kuyesa kuti adziwe gawo lalikulu - khamu la mtanda. Mwa njira, wopambana spidkubery adzayitsiriza intuitively, ngati palibe mitunduyi. Chinthu chachikulu - kupeza malangizo amene kyubu woyera ndi pakati. Kumbukirani kuti aliyense nthiti ali mitundu iwiri kyubu, ndi Choncho ayenera kufanana ndi malo awiri - woyera ndi mtundu. Tsopano onani malangizo ndi malo oyera pamaso pa nthiti woyera. Ngati iwo ali, ndiye chabe atembenuza pansi kyubu kuti zigwirizane ndi nthiti ndi malo chachiwiri. Tsopano yang'anani pa mbali ina, ngati pali woyera chipsyepsye m'mbali, iwo ndithu chabe kuti abwerere ku mbali woyera. Zinthu otsala zikhoza kusintha m'mwamba, kutukula kyubu a mbali woyera pamwamba ndipo potembenukira ku likulu.

Yambani ndondomeko msonkhano

The zigawo ziwiri zoyambirira akhoza kuika ndithu chabe. Iyi ndi nthawi zoipa kwambiri kwa iwo amene akuganiza za mmene amapezera kyubu ndi Rubik a. Malangizo oyamba ndi zooneka, koma ambiri, stepi ino angathe kuchitidwa intuitively. The vuto lalikulu ndi ili - okhota kuyika zotchinga mu wosanjikiza choyamba. Mu spidkuberov ichi pali njira yapadera imene anthu amaitcha "phwaa-kuphulika". Zodabwitsa ndizakuti, ali chilinganizo ake. Kyubu, yesani nthawi zonse pakati woyera (ndi mbali, motero) pansi. Yang'anani kwa dayisi mbali ofanana mtundu wa mbali malire. Mbali nkhope tukulani, ndiyeno kukwatula mbali ina kuchokera ku mbali ya mtanda kuti "anasiya" pa nkhope zina. Limagwirira wa n'kupanga ngodya cubes ndi zofanana - Search kyubu mtundu mkati, kuika kwa munda akufuna, ndiyeno - Kupeleka kwa anangotsala pang'ono ndi "latsopano" kyubu. Pambuyo atakhala midadada okhota mu wosanjikiza m'munsi akhoza chitani pansi chachiwiri. The aligorivimu ndi ofanana, koma kusaka midadada amakhala molimbika yaitali. Apa ndi zopambana nthiti cubes anapereka m'malo mwa chilinganizo ndi galasi ake fano. Pamaso pa mayikidwe zofunika atembenuza wosanjikiza kumtunda ndi kyubu nthiti pa malo ankafuna. Nthawi zonse amanena za mtundu wa mbali nkhope likufanana mtundu wa gawo chapakati cha wosanjikiza pakati. O, ndi musamuononge chapamwamba woyera mtanda. Ngati muli ndi kumanga dzanja woyera, ndiye kuti si inu zolemba linaphwanya wokhulupirika, koma ngati mtundu ati chipani, chiwonongeko cha mtanda woyera zinadzala wathunthu chipwirikiti cha chithunzi cha. Galasi-monga kubwereza akhoza kwathunthu anasonkhana mbali woyera ndi pansi zigawo ziwiri pa mbali iliyonse. Plus, chifukwa cha ntchito chapakati maphwando anu gawo ayenera lifanane ndi malo a. Tsopano inu atsala ndi chomaliza - mndandanda wa midadada okhota kumbali chapamwamba.

Anthu ambiri pa nthawi yopuma kusonkhanitsa kyubu ndi Rubik ndi kuyesera kupanga izo mofulumira ndi kosavuta kwa anthu ena. Kuyambira m'chaka cha 1980, kusaka anayamba otchedwa aligorivimu Mulungu khamu kudya. Masamu, mapulogalamu kompyuta ndi zinsinsi chabe sayansi okonda kufunafuna njira yothetsera kum'tanthauzira mu mlingo wa chimachititsanso. Mu 2010, mapulogalamu Tomás Rokicki, Masamu HG Kotsemba ndi Morley Davidson, komanso injiniya John Detridzh anatha kutsimikizira kuti kasinthidwe aliyense za chithunzi angathetsedwe mu pazipita chimachititsanso 20. Bwino ndi kutembenuza ndi aliyense nkhope.