Kinematic. Kinematic pagalimoto dera. The kinematic njira dera

Popanda chiwembu kinematic sikutheka kulingalira mtundu uliwonse zida. Tikuyankhula zokhudza magalimoto, mathirakitala, zipangizo za makina, ndi mitundu wosavuta wa asilikali. Mu kinematics ambiri ndi gawo wapadera mu zimango, zomwe cholinga chake ndi kuphunzira katundu wa asilikali links. Science limalola kusanthula ndi kuphunzira limasonyeza kinematic wa trajectories kayendedwe, kudziwa mfundo maudindo ndi velocities zinthu. Kukwanilitsa chifukwa komaliza sizingatheke popanda umboni wa mfundo "chiwembu kinematic", monga ayankhidwa m'nkhaniyi.

Kodi chiwembu kinematic? mfundo zofunika

The yochepa yankho la funso limeneli, chiwembu kinematic - ndi chithunzi kapena mapepala, ngati kunena kotero, zomwe zikusonyeza mayunitsi onse mawotchi ndi miyeso. Nthawi zambiri Links chiwembu wotchedwa awiriawiri kinematic. Ngati chimatanthauza chinenero cha sayansi, amagwirizana zigawo olimba ndi kuchuluka kwa ndalama 2, lomwe kuyamika zinthu mogwirizana asagwiritse kayendedwe ka wina ndi mnzake.

Kupezeka kwa kukula koyenera kuti kusanthula kinematic, amene amafufuza maziko a kayendedwe njira, njira yodutsamo awo ndi liwiro. Kuthetsa kinematics mavuto zimakhala zimaonetsa ndi experimentally.

Ambiri, ndi kinematic chiwembu ife tinene kupenda mtundu wa limagwirira. Iwo amachitcha zina pa makina telefoni, amene otembenuka kayendedwe ka wina kwa kayendedwe ankafuna. The zikuchokera mayunitsi aliyense makina mchitidwe zikuphatikizapo - ena particulate sankalimbana nafe cholukanalukana. Link, amene ankaona amodzi otchedwa kauntala.

Kinematic awiri mchitidwe kapena oloza foni dongosolo kali ndi mizere imene wina ali kukhudzana ndi kugwirizana ndi mzake. Mfundo amatchedwanso ndi mawonekedwe mfundo.

Mapulogalamu kinematics

Kinematic chiwembu ntchito mwamtheradi m'madera onse a makampani - .. Mawotchi zomangamanga, zipangizo za makina, etc. malamulo onse a kukhazikitsa zimatsatira chikalata wapadera - otchedwa GOST.

kukhazikitsa machenjerero malamulo

Pali malamulo zofunika zochepa za cinematic buku la zithunzi:

• Chikalatachi ungadzakhazikitsidwe onse pa pepala kapena sing'anga amagetsi. Ndi bwino kapangidwe chiwembu pa pepala limodzi ndi muchigawane mu mtundu zinafunika kusindikiza.
• Pankhani ya madera zovuta amaloledwa kugwiritsa ntchito matumizidwe ophatikizika amawu, nyimbo ndi zithunzi, n'zotheka kusonyeza mphamvu kuyenda m'njira mandala.

Zojambula Kinematic anawagawa m'magulu atatu: Mfundo zikuluzikulu, structural ndi zinchito. Malamulo kukonzekera awo ndi osiyana ndi wina ndi mnzake.

Pankhani mfundo, ndiye chithunzi ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mitundu yonse ya ubale pakati pa nyengo. Chikalata akupereka zikulilima. Kinematic chithunzi, amene amanena kuti mapulogalamu ndi n'chakuti m'minda, ayenera akuimira mu mankhwala dera kaonedwe view. malamulo More mwatsatanetsatane kukonzekera awo angapezeke malinga ndi GOST 2,303 ndi 2,701.

Chachikulu kusiyana pakati pa chipika zithunzi za mfundo kwagona kuti loyamba ndi gawo zinchito za mankhwala ndi ubwenzi pakati pawo. Childs, ali mawonekedwe a zithunzi mawonekedwe kapena mbiri mawunikidwe.

Ntchito zithunzi timvetse mmene ziwalo za zinthu zimene umaimiridwa ndi kanjedza yosavuta geometrical.

Amene nthawi yolondola dera la?

Malamulo a kukafola zinafotokozedwa zikalata mayiko pa standardization. Pakuti kulowa mu mphamvu ya chikalata ichi anakuvoterani ambiri adziko lapansi zaka zambiri zapitazo. Nthawi kusintha anapangidwa kwa GOST, ndipo zimenezi n'zomveka - sayansi kupita patsogolo sali mu malo, sayansi akufotokozera, ndi izo zikusintha ndi zikalata zolimbana. Komanso mfundo zikuluzikulu, kinematics ntchito malamulo alembedwa mu mmodzi dongosolo zolembedwa mwaluso kwambiri.

Kuona kapangidwe ka limagwirira ndi

Monga tanenera kale pamwambapa, zimagwirira onse amapangidwa ndi nambala inayake ya awiriawiri kinematic. Iwo anawagawa zingapo:

• ndi mtundu wa malo kugwirizana - pa m'munsi ndi apamwamba;
• ndi ndondomeko dera la;
• kayendedwe wachibale awiri - pa translational ndi, rotational, cylindrical, etc ...

Kinematic dongosolo dera chimatanthauza dongosolo lawo. Ngati inu kupereka tanthauzo la mfundo zimenezi, - kuika zinthu zonse chipangizo ndi mgwilizano umene ulipo pakati pawo. Komanso, kudziwa kapangidwe ka limagwirira ndi, m'pofunika kukhazikitsa zikuchokera kulumikizana ukubwera.

Kutengera pa gulu pamwamba chimasiyanitsa mitundu ikuluikulu ya zinthu makina omwe amaonetsera akuphatikizapo:

• pachithandara;
• kulumikiza ndodo;
• tiyipukuse;
• slider.

mitundu zimagwirira

Pali ambiri yosiyanasiyana. Nthawi zambiri zimagwirira anawagawa:

• ndalezo kapena ndodo;
• mikangano;
• kamera;
• zimagwirira ndi mfundo kusintha;
• Dzino ndipo Al.

Pakati classifications yaikulu njira ngati ndi wakutali, lomwe limapanga malire a iwo m'magulu atatu:

• magwiridwe (mfundo ndondomeko kukhazikitsa);
• Kapangidwe (mu dongosolo la);
• structural ndi mamangidwe (pa mfundo yomanga).

Zambiri za machenjerero kinematic ayankhidwa pa chitsanzo cha actuator lapansi.

Kodi galimoto? cholinga chake

Musanayambe kukamba za chiwembu kinematic a galimoto, muyenera kudziwa chomwe icho chiri. Thamangitsani - chipangizo yapadera imene imayendetsa makina ndi mota. M'mawu ena, limagwirira a wayamba kusuntha kwa otaya mphamvu, zomwe mwina injini kapena ndi zinthu zina. Kinematic reducer dera ndi yofunika phunziro la "pagalimoto" lingaliro. chipangizo Iyi ndi njira ya nyongolotsi kapena zida zomwe transmits kasinthasintha kwa galimoto mwachindunji kwa kutsinde makina. thupi lake wapangidwa mayendedwe, migodi ndi magiya.

pagalimoto dera Kinematic

Kapena onse zinthu pagalimoto kugwirizana wina ndi mzake, ndi chikoka ena pa wina ndi mzake. Ndiyo kuphunzira kayendedwe ka wagawo chimodzi chokha sadzakhala mokwanira, n'kofunika kuganizira zochita zawo mangawawo. Chifukwa chaichi, mphamvu zonse mu dongosolo la kumabweretsa mfundo imodzi, monga ulamuliro, ndi kutsinde galimoto. Kinematic pagalimoto dera lotchedwa ofanana, ndi njira - kutchulidwa.

Mapulani zida izi zigwirizana zofunika monga:

• mota;
• panja zida;
• reducer;
• Kuyendetsa kutsinde makina;
• zowalamulira.

Izi ndi tingachipeze powerenga zikuchokera kinematic chiwembu, ena zinthu akhoza zasiyidwa.

The kayendedwe chiwembu njira zina

Kinematics - sayansi kuti Maphunziro a kamangidwe osiyana, kotero chiwembu ndi osiyana mtundu uliwonse wa zida. Taganizirani kujambula kaŵirikaŵiri zikuchitika msonkhano - makina. Kumene, pali wa asilikali ena, ndiponso kuphunzira zawo zingatenge nthawi yambiri. Images nyumba zovuta tikambirana mwatsatanetsatane asayansi, akatswiri ndi Amateurs kinematics.

The makina - chitsanzo yosavuta kwa limagwirira amene lotengeka ndi mphamvu inayake. The matupi wamkulu wa kamangidwe ndi: tebulo, ndi thandizo spindle, ndi zinthu zina. Machine kinematics unyolo wapangidwa magiya osiyanasiyana amene anakonza mwa ndondomeko. The kinematic kufala chiwembu Mwina wapangidwa ndi lamba kapena njira zida mphutsi. Mu chikukoka, magulu onse anasankha ndi anthu apadera, amene mayina a GOST 3462-61. Kinematic Machine dera kwenikweni zikuphatikizapo mapazi a spindles, nyongolotsi kuitana zigawo, chiwerengero cha kusintha mphamvu injini, ndi zina zotero D..

zida zamakono ali ndi makina HIV, kawirikawiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito zipangizo hayidiroliki kapena pneumatic, ndipo motero, mu zitupa a zipangizo makina angapezeke osati kinematic chiwembu, ndi ophatikizana kapena pneumatic-magetsi.

Dziko yamakono ya makina mbali ndi waukulu, pali masauzande a mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya asilikali ndi zigawo zikuluzikulu. Komabe, lililonse limakhala lili makina yake kinematic chithunzi, kaya Crane, ndi galimoto kuyimitsidwa, kudula makina kapena derrick. Kinematic kapangidwe zojambula ndi mafotokozedwe kuthandiza kumvetsa kapangidwe ndi zikuchokera zimagwirira ntchito ndondomeko ya kuphunzira zinthu kayendedwe ndi olumikizirana unyolo. Kudzera mwa njira zimenezi, ndi kinematics wa sayansi ambiri sayansi ndi luso patsogolo alibe kuima, pali njira chipangizo zambiri, makina ndiponso zipangizo zimene ali mwachangu mbali ya moyo wathu ndi inu.