Kapangidwe ndi kukula kwa chimango kuti mng'oma

zaumisiri masamba zosatheka kusunga miyambo anakhazikitsa. Wamakono kuti kuonjezera voliyumu ndi amasokoneza ndi chopangidwa amakhala Cholinga chachikulu cha ophunzira amakampani mafakitale ndi. Komabe, pali kuchotserapo - njira kwa bungwe luso apiaries njuchi adakali mfundo zolondola ofala chikumbutso 100th kumbuyo. Kupembedza masaizi osiyanasiyana zinayenda dongosolo kwa ming'oma zikutsimikiziridwa, ngakhale patsogolo motere kagawo kakang'ono alibe kuima.

Nchito ndi chimango kasinthidwe

Mtengo wa chimango mu mng'oma angayerekezedwe ndi injini m'galimoto. Izi ndi pakati pa mlanduwo ndi munda waukulu yopanga uchi. chiwerengero cha mafelemu mu mng'oma nthawi Calculated zochokera kumanga onse a "kanyumba" ndi siyana. Koma n'kofunika kwambiri makamaka kwa kukula kwa chimango mng'oma, amene amasankha khalidwe la gulu la ntchito njuchi okha.

Padziko chimango ayenera kukhala ndi phula m'munsi banja anayamba kupanga uchi. Khalidwe ndi dzuwa la ndondomeko bwanji zimfundo, ntchito malo, mokoma chisamaliro ndi kukonzanso kwa mng'oma.

Chifukwa malo chimango ndi lagawidwa ofukula ndi yopingasa - mphasa otchedwa ndi risers. Features masanjidwe awiri ndi maziko kuwerengetsa chiwerengero cha mafelemu ndi magawo awo.

Kutanthauza zamitundu mu ming'oma

mipata yokwanira ku zisa za chitukuko cha madera njuchi n'kofunika kuti bwino njuchi. Bwino kusankha kukula kwa chimango kwa ming'oma kulola kupereka osati mwa kundipatsako kwa dera pa nthawi, komanso zimapatsa kukula patsogolo mu buku la mungu ndi wearability mfumukazi. Tsekani mng'oma sadzalola kulenga zinthu chitukuko chotero, ndipo angakhale ogwira yekha mu minda wapadera njuchi.

Kale ife anati mitundu iwiri machenjerero a 'nyumba njuchi. " Loungers kutero poyamba alenge kofunika kusunga malo, pamene kumbuyo mpando risers anamanga zambiri. Malinga ndi zimene ntchito chimango kukula kwa mng'oma, alimi kunyamula anapiye mu sitolo kwa nthawi 1 mpaka 3, kuwayika mu zisa za uchi latsopano. Pofuna kupewa kuwonjezeka dzombe lokhala wosasangalala, ntchito ayenera idzachitika m'nthawi yake.

Kukula akadakwanitsira

Kumene, sangathe kulankhula za magawo ambiri ndi yunifolomu kwa polojekiti chitukuko cha mng'oma, koma zingapo muyezo kwa mawerengedwe a deta mulingo woyenera milandu yeniyeni akadali Dziwani. Mfundo koyamba kuti aone kukula kwa chimango kwa mng'oma, zochokera i zotsatirazi:

• chiwerengero cha ana;
• anakonza buku la uchi;
• anakonza kuchuluka mungu;
• malo kuika achinyamata njuchi;
• nsanja processing timadzi tokoma.

Komanso, makhalidwe munthu analemba gawo kumene njuchi ili. Nthawi zina, kukula kwa chimango kusintha maganizo ndi makhalidwe a ming'oma njuchi utumiki. Chitsanzo wamba kufupi ndi ndondomeko kuyeretsa - pamaso pa pansi zochotseka Mwachitsanzo, kumatha kufunika kuchotsa chimango.

Standard Dadant-yosamveka

i kukula kusankha sayenera kuonedwa ngati mudziwe kuti akonze magawo wapadera kwa mng'oma a. Lang'anani, tsopano ntchito zojambula akatswiri ndi a zofufuzafufuza apiaries ndi yunifolomu kwambiri makhalidwe. Chinthu china ndi chakuti ambiri mwa iwo okha miyezo.

Wotchuka kwambiri imatengedwa Dadant-yosamveka kumanga kuti kumatanthauza magawo a ming'oma kwa zaka zambiri, ndipo anakhala maziko a mawerengedwe a akamagwiritsa ena. Today kukula kwa chimango mng'oma Dadant ndiye poyambira ndi kufunafuna yabwino yothetsera apiaries payekha. Choncho, kutalika kwa n'kupanga chapamwamba ndipo m'munsi ndi 435 mm, ndi kutalika - 300 mm. Koma m'pofunika kuganizira kuti chomasuka ntchito komanso lodalirika yomanga mng'oma achuluke kunja kwa mowa. Apa, aliyense mlimi amasankha mlingo wa mphamvu kuti agwirizane anu zosowa - zambiri 5-10 cm.

Miyeso ina yofanana

Kuwonjezera kusiyana ming'oma chipangizo mfundo iliyonse mtundu chimango zikuphatikizapo zisudzo angapo. Koma kawirikawiri amatanthauza kutalika kwa mipiringidzo ndi kutalika akanali yemweyo - 435 mm. Ndi kulemekeza zizindikiro zina za kupatuka ndi yowopsa kwambiri - kachiwiri, sukhala zinachitikira ntchito ndi njuchi, zimene amatulutsa chikayiko pa zatsopano. Izi zili choncho pamene umisiri wamakono ndi wolephera zaka zambiri za ophunzira za ntchito zachuma. Komabe, kumayambiriro zipangizo zatsopano kwa mafelemu, nayenso, sayenera mulibemo.

The osachepera kololeka kukula kwa chimango kwa mng'oma mu msinkhu ndi 145 mm. zinthu amatchedwa Theka maziko kusunga ndi yophunzitsa. Mwa njira, sitolo - malo kusonkhanitsa yomalizidwa uchi. Avereji kutalika akuti ndi 230 mm. mtundu uwu anawonjezera kuti mbali zikuluzikulu za Mipikisano ming'oma. akadakwanitsira The imatengedwa kukhala yemweyo muyezo Dadant lolingana 300 mm - zonse kapena Mathithiŵa wamba chimango.

Kukula kwa mng'oma mu angapo

Kuwonjezera m'ma ananena kuti mulingo kwa multihull ziwembu ntchito, ndi njira zina. Iwo makamaka kubwera kwa lachitsanzo Langstroth-Muzu, tsiku limene lalembedwa ndi matupi ambiri mng'oma. Pankhaniyi yekha yovomerezeka kasinthidwe wa "bokosi", pamene chiwerengero chawo ndi njira unsembe zingasiyane.

Pamodzi kutalika kwa kukula kwa chimango ndi ofanana ndi zotsatira angapo a mng'oma magawo Dadant, koma iwo amasiyana msinkhu. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kukula 230 mm. Ming'oma ndipo analola kuphatikiza ndi yosiyanasiyana - yophunzitsa, masitolo ndi chimango ndi mfundo yoyenera limachititsa efficiently kukonza malo kuwonjezeka chiwerengero cha madera njuchi.

German kukula

Mu Germany, ambiri ming'oma zoikamo sanali ofikira. Izi complicates ntchito mu minda Russian njuchi, koma ubwino zitsanzo Western ndi wosatsutsika ndi azilipira mavuto onse mtumiki.

Classic kukula mafelemu pang'ono German akhoza ankayimiridwa ngati 370h233 mamilimita mtundu. machenjerero oterewa ndi yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, zayamba lopanda zopindika luso okhudza zinthu kupereka njuchi moyo, ndi kukhala wamkulu tsivilno maganizo. Kachiwiri mwa kuipa mavuto anati kukhazikitsa mu chuma zoweta - m'pofunika kuti sule mng'oma pansi pa Sola ndi uchi. Monga ulamuliro, alimi akukumana ndi mavuto ngati amenewa, napempha lomasuliridwa mabanja a ming'oma ndipo Dadant Ruta zitsanzo.

Miyeso ina

Kugwiritsa kukula ena chifukwa njuchi chimango dera, amene nyumba njuchi. Pachifukwa ichi, technologists akhale ndi miyezo yatsopano mwachindunji zinthu zenizeni nyengo.

Choncho, kuwonjezera kwa akamagwiritsa miyambo kuoneka Baibulo awo ndi kukula kusanduka kapena kucuruka. Pankhaniyi, maziko zizindikiro koyamba osati kukula kwa chimango Dadant mng'oma, komanso mtundu wa Langstroth-Muzu. Kuti zosintha monga Zehnder chimango kukula (m'lifupi - 420 mm, ndi kutalika - 220 mm), Goltz mng'oma (250h330 mm), ndipo zikuluzikulu kukula Langstroth (448h232 mm).

Ambiri, makampani njuchi dziko chaperekedwa kwa harmonization cha kukula kwake alipo chimango, zimene ziripo, ndi kukana ntchito zina mu mng'oma. Mwachitsanzo, mapulani kutaya mazenera, mipata kukonza pansi, obstructions, njuchi sankaloledwa kufalitsa pa kuyenderako, etc. Zikupereka zosiyana azimuth kwa chimango Vuto chifukwa chimateteza zipangizo kutchinjiriza.