Dimmer: chiwembu ndi zida. Masiwichi ndi dimmers

amazilamulira Special ntchito kusintha kuwala kwa nyali incandescent. zipangizo izi amatchedwanso dimmers. Iwo kulibe Mabaibulo osiyanasiyana, ndipo ngati n'koyenera, mu sitolo inu nthawi zonse kusankha chitsanzo yoyenera. Kwenikweni, m'malo dera baka ichidachi mu nyali incandescent. The kusinthidwa losavuta chikuphatikizapo makina Mtsogoleri ndi cholembera. Pamene atakhala luminance chigawo kusintha zina mwa mowa magetsi.

Ngati inu mukukumbukira masiku akale, umalamulira kwa kusintha kuwala si ntchito. M'malo mwake, dimmers wapadera anaika. Ndi thandizo lawo, mukhoza lizilamuliridwa nyali fulorosenti. Ambiri, ndi ntchito athana bwino, koma iwo anali sangathe wina. Kumakhudzana ndi kumwa magetsi. Monga tanenera poyamba, owongolera ano muziganizira ndalama magetsi ngati ntchito pa mphamvu zonse. Pankhani ya resistances lamulo sizikhudza. Mphamvu yochepa ankadya magetsi komanso pazipita lapansi. Owonjezera Pankhaniyi anatembenukira kwa kutentha.

Chiwembu ochiritsira yang'anira

Zambiri dimmer dera zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito mtundu liniya potentiometer, ndipo atavala transistors ndi mphamvu otsika. Kupondereza mkulu capacitors pafupipafupi ntchito dongosolo. The mitima mu zipangizo za mtundu ochepa okha mtundu ferrite. Asanalankhule osachiritsika chikuyambika kwa Shockley diode thyristor.

Kodi kudzam'patsa oyimba kwa nyali?

Kuti nyali tebulo ndi dimmer ntchito bwinobwino, fufuzani voteji kudutsa michenga yopangira zida zamagetsi lapansi. Izi zikhoza kuchitika ntchito Tester ochiritsira. Kenako, kuyendera gulu babu. Ngati anapereka mtundu odnokalnogo, zonse ndithu chabe. The linanena bungwe semiconductors zofunika m'pamene kubwereketsa mipata, amene ali polarity negative. Pankhaniyi kukana pazipita ayenera kukhala 3 ohms. Kuyesa chipangizo, muyenera atembenuza Mtsogoleri ndi penyani pa nthawi yomweyo chifukwa cha kuwala kwa nyali incandescent.

Khazikitsa Kankhani batani mu nyali

Kulamulira kuwala kwa nyali incandescent ntchito bwino, ndikofunika bwino ndi gulu kasamalidwe chipangizo. Kenako, muyenera kugwirizana anzanu onse. Ngati dera ntchito ndi Mipikisano njira, ndi voteji pa izo ndi kufufuzidwa Tester. Amakulitsa mwachindunji ojambula adatengedwa ndi brazing. Nkofunika nthawi yomweyo pa ntchito sakuwupweteka resistors. Komanso, muyenera kusamalira kutchinjiriza Kulumikizana. Pamaso homuweki Mtsogoleri mukufuna kufufuza kugwirizana zidzachitikadi. Pambuyo magetsi n'kofunika kuyesa kusintha kuwala ndi kukanikiza batani.

amazilamulira High kuwala

Mkulu-voteji dimmer kuunikira, monga ulamuliro, angapezeke m'mabwalo. Pali incandescent nyali ntchito zamphamvu kwambiri, ndi chipangizo ayenera kuzilepheretsa katundu wolemera. Triacs Mwaichi, mkulu-voteji (amalembedwa ndi KU202) ntchito. transistors Maganizo ntchito Komabe, zosintha mwachizolowezi zace nawonso ali.

milatho Diode soldered pafupi thyristors ndi zofunika HIV mofulumira chizindikiro. Zener diodes zambiri angapezeke Amowabu D814. Iwo ali mu shopu ndi odula kwambiri, ndipo zimenezi ziyenera n'komwe. resistors variable mu dongosolo amatha kupirira voteji malire 60 ohms. Panthawi imeneyi, ochiritsira Anzawo zinaphatikizidwa ndi ohms 5 okha.

Chitsanzo ndi resistors mogometsa

Dimmer ndi resistors wa mtundu uwu lakonzedwa mphamvu incandescent pafupifupi. Zener diodes mu nkhani iyi, 12 V variable resistors owongolera n'zochepa. Low pafupipafupi zosintha angagwiritsidwe ntchito. Kuonjezera madutsidwe koyefishienti Pankhaniyi n'zotheka ndi kuwonjezera chiwerengero cha capacitors. Pakuti triac iwo ayenera kuyikidwa awiriawiri. Mu nkhani iyi, kutentha zomvetsa adzakhala kochepa. Wachisoni kukana maukonde zambiri vuto lalikulu. Zimamuchulukira mapeto kuwonongedwa kwa zener diode. capacitors Electrolytic ndi otsika-pafupipafupi phokoso kupirira ndithu bwinobwino. Chinthu chachikulu ndi ichi - musataye lakuthwa mkulu voteji kwa nyale.

The yang'anira dera ndi resistors vysokomegaomnymi

Kuwala kulamulira mtundu angagwiritsidwe ntchito kulamulira osiyanasiyana nyali. Chiwembu kuti limapangidwa vysokomegaomnye resistors AC, komanso ochiritsira zener. Thyristor Pankhaniyi ali pafupi ndi condenser a. Kuchepetsa malire pafupipafupi akatswiri zambiri ntchito lama fuyusi mtundu. Iwo amatha kupirira katundu 4 A. Pa pafupipafupi izi malire a linanena bungwe adzakhala munthu pazipita 50 Hz. ambiri cholinga athandizira voteji Triacs chingathe kupirira pa 15 V.

Masiwichi ndi owongolera FET

Ndi masiwichi dimmer pa FET yodziwika ndi chitetezo chabwino. Short-dera dongosolo zimachitika kawirikawiri kwambiri, ndipo ndithudi ndi mwayi. Komanso, chonde onani kuti Zener yang'anira akhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi KU202 ankachita. Pankhaniyi, angathe amachita resistors otsika pafupipafupi ndiponso kupirira kusokonezedwa bwino. Triacs m'madera imakhala kuseri resistors lapansi. Kulimbikira Kuchepetsa mu dongosolo ayenera anakhalabe pa 4 ohms. The voteji pa resistors athandizira kugwira pafupifupi 18 V. malire pafupipafupi, nayenso sayenera upambana 14 Hz.

Yang'anira ndi trimmer

Dimmer ndi trimmer capacitor akhoza bwinobwino ntchito kusintha mphamvu ya nyali fulorosenti. Masiwichi mu nkhani iyi ayenera kuyikidwa kuseri diode mlatho. Zener diodes mu dera akufunika kuti kusokonezedwa yimitsira. Resistors variable mtundu kawirikawiri impedance Kuchepetsa anakhalabe pa 6 ohms.

Pamene thyristors ili ndi ntchito yokhayo kukhala voteji pa mlingo woyenera. Triacs kudzera yokha angathe kudutsa panopa kwa mlingo wa A. opha lama fuyusi mtundu za 4 n'zochepa. Vuto ndi zipangizo zoterozo mu madutsidwe magetsi zimatheka pogwiritsa ntchito resistor variable pa linanena bungwe.

Model ndi triac yosavuta

dimmer kuwala ndi thyristor losavuta ndi yabwino yoti zitsanzo Kankhani-batani. dongosolo chitetezo, monga ulamuliro, sichoncho. kulankhula mu yang'anira ndi zopangidwa ndi mkuwa. Zolemba malire kukana kuti thyristor ochiritsira chingathe kupirira polowera 10 V. Pakuti makina opha ali bwino yosayenera. Mwatsatanetsatane resistors ndi owongolera ngati sangathe ntchito. Ichi ndi chifukwa mkulu mlingo wa kukana zoipa mu dera la.

Mkulu-pafupipafupi resistors anatipatsa yosowa kwambiri. Pankhaniyi, mlingo phokoso adzakhala zikuluzikulu ndipo zidzapangitsa kuti ndi zimamuchulukira wa zener diode. Ngati ife kulankhula za nyale mwachizolowezi tebulo, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito ochiritsira awiri thyristor ndi resistors waya. The conduction ali pa mlingo mwachilungamo mkulu. Iwo kawirikawiri overheat, mphamvu madyaidya ndikuledzera mu pafupifupi padziko 2 Watts.

Ntchito capacitors variable mu dera la

Pogwiritsa ntchito capacitors variable utakwaniritsa kusintha yosalala kuwala kwa nyali incandescent. Pankhaniyi, zitsanzo electrolytic ntchito mosiyana. Transistors kwa capacitors awa ali oyenera 12 Watts kwambiri. Athandizira voteji ayenera anakhalabe pa 19 V. Izo ziyenera kupereka ntchito mafyuzi. Thyristors zambiri ntchito ndi kuchonga KU202. Iwo bwino yosayenera Mabaibulo makina. Kuonjezera madutsidwe koyefishienti potentiometers ntchito ndi masiwichi maukonde.

The chipangizo Mtsogoleri unijunction

Unijunction dimmer kuwala amadziwika kuphweka ake. Resistors mu izo, monga ulamuliro, ntchito ndi 4 Watts. Mu nkhani iyi, voteji pazipita ndi kuchita misonkhano pa 14 V. Pamene ntchito, ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti pamene kuwala akhoza akuchepa. The mafyuzi mu zipangizo ntchito kawirikawiri ndithu.

Pa pazipita oveteredwa athandizira panopa akhoza kusiya 4 A. Thyristors KU202 mtundu angathe dongosolo kugwiritsa ntchito kokha kwa banja ndi diode mlatho. chipangizo triac ayenera olumikizidwa pa resistor a. Kugwirizanitsa dimmer kwa nyali, muyenera kuyeretsa anzanu onse. The nyumba kwa chipangizo ndikofunika ntchito dielectric. Pankhaniyi, chitetezo ntchito adzakhala kungakupatseni.