DHCP - ndi chiyani ichi? Configuring DHCP, ndi njira kasinthidwe. Kodi kuloleza kapena zongolimbana DHCP?

Izo ziri zodziwika bwino kuti chipangizo chilichonse network kukhale kompyuta, laputopu, piritsi kapena foni, ayenera kukhala enieni imelo ID - IP-adiresi, komanso magawo akonzedwa amabisa, pachipata, ndipo deta pa DNS-Seva. Adiresi ya mawonekedwe maukonde pamene chikugwirizana yomweyo angochita ku zipangizo zina zapadera, umene ukugwira ntchito yogawa maadiresi basi. Ngati zida si ndiye wosuta ali kulowa zoikamo maukonde pamanja. Ngati maukonde ali kwambiri makompyuta, pangakhale zolakwa polankhula ndi achibwereza maadiresi, zikubweretsa zolephera m'thupi ndipo m'mbuyo ntchito maukonde. Mugulu kunyumba, pakalibe maadiresi yaotomatiki yopereka ndi kulembetsa zoikamo maukonde pamanja pa aliyense chipangizo cha kulumikiza Mwachitsanzo, kuti rauta lapansi. Siyense wosuta ali nacho chidziwitso chokwanira ndi zinachitikira kwa molondola kusintha makondawa. Choncho, panyumba, owerenga ambiri akuyesa atumiza yogawa basi maadiresi onse, kuti ndiye atumiza ndi DHCP Seva.

DHCP - ndi chiyani ichi?

Tiyeni tikambirane funso limeneli. Asalakwitse, Mphamvu khamu kasinthidwe (DHCP) protocol wakhala akuyendera ndi adilesi. Ichi ndi mbali imene yapereka zoikamo zazikulu yogawa maukonde adzakhala kulumikiza makina kasitomala. Ngati zipangizozi mu njira Zokonda ayenera "kulandira IP-adiresi kuchokera DHCP Seva okha" ndi DHCP chinathandiza, ndiye udindo wonse kwa Makonda zolondola maukonde makompyuta kasitomala watumidwa DHCP-Seva. Izi kwambiri amachepetsa mtengo thandizo ndi kasamalidwe network komanso kuthandiza kuti asalakwitse kapepala maadiresi. Utumiki, kuphatikizapo DHCP, akuyamba basi pamene inu kuyatsa chipangizo china chilichonse zothandiza yikidwa mawaya kapena opanda zingwe polumikizira maukonde zotsatira. Mwachitsanzo, pa piritsi kapena foni ndi wokwanira monga Wi-Fi ndi zipangizo zopezeka, kugawira internet, kupeza wake ndi kugwirizana kwa izo. Pankhaniyi, kufalitsidwa basi maadiresi IP kumatha mwendo ndipo, chotero, kumathandiza kupewa mikangano maukonde.

Kodi kufalitsa maadiresi

Pa polumikiza chipangizo chirichonse kwa maukonde ukufalitsidwa chopempha chapadera kukutumizirani maukonde kuti kupeza njira wogulitsa kuti DHCP Seva pa maukonde. Izi ndi zimene Seva ndani kodi nkofunika kwa maukonde lalikulu? Choncho otchedwa chipangizo kuti ndi udindo chifukwa chofalitsa maadiresi makompyuta pa maukonde kuti basi kuwatsatira kwa makasitomala osiyana. Ngati Seva chimodzi alipo, izo amalenga paketi atamupempha kuti kasitomala, amene angakhale monga zoikamo monga IP adiresi, subnet chigoba, pachipata magawo maadiresi DNS-Seva, dzina ankalamulira, ndi zina zotero. D., ndipo amatumiza paketi chipangizo kasitomala . Kasitomala amalandira chitsimikiziro chizindikiro kwa DHCP Seva. Deta kwaiye paketi ndi yovomerezeka, tingathe decrypt ndi ntchito pafupifupi dongosolo lililonse opaleshoni.

Magawo wosindikiza polumikiza zipangizo kasitomala sadziwa tsiku lothera configurable, amene ali dzina - "pangano nthawi". Maadiresi chikalata makina ndi kusanthula kwa machesi ndi adiresi panopa ndi unexpired pangano nthawi, motero adiresi mwendo likuchotsedwa. yobwereka nthawi kawirikawiri kuika yaing'ono - kuchokera maola angapo kwa masiku 4-6. Itatha nthawi iyi, chipangizo akubwereza pempho makina ndi kulandira adiresi yemweyo (ngati ilipo), kapena aliwonse.

kasitomala kasinthidwe kwa kasinthidwe maukonde basi mu Windows

Kuti kasitomala analandira zoikamo ayankhe maukonde ku DHCP, muyenera fufuzani ndi zoikamo ochepa mu kompyuta a gulu Control (m'nkhani ya opaleshoni dongosolo chitsanzo Windows). Kuti tichite zimenezi, kupita Yambani, ndiye - mu Project Control (mukufuna kusinthana kwa view tingachipeze powerenga) ndi kusankha "kugwirizana Network." Kusankha netiweki, amene anakonza ntchito ndi DHCP, alemba pa izo pakali mbewa batani ndi kupita "Katundu" katunduyo. Pawindo kuti atsegula, kupita katundu wa Internet protocol TCP / IP. DHCP - ndi chiyani ichi? Ndi kulandira zoikamo basi maukonde. Choncho timakondwerera options mfundo kuti basi wodziwitsidwa IP-adiresi ndi DNS. Atafotokoza kusankha, dinani "Chabwino". DHCP kasinthidwe udzatha pa kasitomala. Tsopano chipangizo adzalandira adiresi ku DHCP-Seva basi pamene Windows wayamba.

Configuring DHCP mu Mawindo 7 waikidwa ofanana, koma malo ya katundu wa adaputala azamagetsi ndi chosiyana Windows XP. Kungopita Yambani - Control gulu - Management Network ndi Tigwire Center. Sankhani "Change zoikamo adaputala" njira menyu kumanzere. Ndiye - ofanana pamwamba, malinga zoikamo Windows XP.

Kuika yogawa basi maadiresi mu kachitidwe ina imene imachitika

Pa zipangizo Linux- kapena Android zoyendetsedwa mogwirizana ndi kufalitsidwa DHCP-Seva palibe maukonde vuto. Munthu ayenera okha monga mawonekedwe maukonde (basi anatumizanso lamya kapena opanda zingwe), kudikira mpaka unachitikira deta kuwombola pakati pa chipangizo ndi DHCP Seva ndi kutsimikizira kuti zoikamo maukonde analandira ndi ntchito bwinobwino. DHCP utumiki pafupifupi zipangizo zonse titha zotsatira.

Ngati kugwirizana sizichitika, m'pofunika kufufuza udindo wa maadiresi phwando basi. Mwachitsanzo, pa Android, dongosolo opaleshoni ichi, kupita ku Zikhazikiko - Network Besprovodnyve - Zikhazikiko Wi-Fi - Kuwonjezera, ndi kuonetsetsa kuti njira "kugwiritsa ntchito malo amodzi IP-adiresi" ndi olumala.

Data opatsirana DHCP

Mungasankhe DHCP - ndi magawo omwe opatsirana kuchokera Seva kwa kasitomala. Onse a magawo awa kutengerapo anawagawa m'magulu. Pali njira kuvomerezedwa, monga IP-adiresi ndi subnet chigoba. Pali nenastraivaemye options utumiki Mwachitsanzo, kusonyeza chiyambi ndi mapeto a njira mu paketi opatsirana. Pa options ake pachimake - lililonse kiyi mtengo awiriawiri kuti Tingaone ndi ndondomeko anapereka chitetezo.

magawo Ofunika mu paketi DHCP, kupatula IP-adiresi ndi chigoba ndi 3 (zipata), 6 (Dzina Domeni Zatsabola), 44 (NBT Dzina Zatsabola), 46 (NBT mfundo Mtundu). Izi zoikamo gulu, kuti, kodi ndi matanthauzo ambiri. Mwachitsanzo, pangakhale maadiresi angapo zipata kapena DNS-Seva. makhalidwe njira ndi kukhazikitsidwa mu kasinthidwe DHCP-Seva.

Zokonda DHCP pa makina

Pamaso configuring zoikamo, inu muyenera kuwerengetsera zochepa za DHCP options chachikulu. Kodi Ndi kuti muwone ngati? - Inu kufunsa. Yankho - ndi zoikamo onse network amene kuchoka pa makina kwa kasitomala. Yachiwiriyo chachikulu - anaperekedwa osiyanasiyana adilesi ndi subnet chigoba. Uthunthu wonse wa maadiresi a bungwe nthawi ogaŵikana zigawo zingapo ntchito zosiyanasiyana, monga kutumiza maadiresi malo amodzi Seva, ndi zina zotero Pakuti maadiresi malo amodzi sali nawo dzanja, kulenga yolemetsa zina pa makina., Ndi ranges maadiresi akhoza anaperekedwa malire. Mwachitsanzo, pamene opaleshoni osiyanasiyana mungathe 192.168.1.1-192.168.1.254 adiresi 1 10 kudziwa kulankhula, kuyambira 11 mpaka 30 - chifukwa polumikiza ndi DHCP kusankha osiyanasiyana kuchokera 31 254. Zimenezo, adiresi ya Seva aliyense wosindikiza kasitomala, adzagona yekha osiyanasiyana izi. Mukhozanso nyimbo mu kupatsa ena osiyanasiyana kupatulapo adiresi, ndi iwo, nawonso, sati anawagawira zipangizo kasitomala.

Kenako, pamaso panu sintha ndi DHCP Seva, muyenera kudziwa njira zikadali adzakupatsani kunja. Kodi pali kufunika kopatsa Mwachitsanzo, magawo a pachipata kapena DNS. Pambuyo deta uyu walowa pa makina, ndipo akuyamba kutsegula ake Seva akuyamba kugawira maadiresi.

Home DHCP-Seva

Nyumba monga DHCP-maseva zambiri ntchito routers omwe analandira kuchokera WOPEREKA zili kugawira luso kunyumba - makompyuta, Malaputopu, matelefoni matelevizioni ndi zipangizo zina olumikizidwa kwa maukonde mu yikidwa mawaya kapena opanda zingwe unsembe. Izi amalenga chinachake ngati Seva pafupifupi, ogulitsa akulankhula owerenga. Kuchokera kunja izo zikuwoneka ngati wosuta lidatseguka pa kompyuta imodzi masamba angapo mu osatsegula. Pankhaniyi zoona, rauta chimodzi chokha chikugwirizana ndi maukonde awo. Izi akhoza kwambiri kupulumutsa pa chiwerengero cha mizere chikugwirizana.

Kukhazikitsa basi akulankhula pa rauta ndi

Kuti sintha kufalitsidwa basi wa adiresi zipangizo kunyumba mukufuna kulumikiza rauta kuti kompyuta (laputopu) chingwe maukonde. Osatsegula aliyense n'kukulemberani adiresi ya rauta (zambiri 192.168.0.1). Akufuna munda wa pempho malowedwe ndi kulowa kusakhulupirika achinsinsi «boma» (zambiri deta kutchulidwa Buku opaleshoni ya rauta ndi). Chifukwa, menyu adzaona zoikamo rauta a. Ife kupita Mabwalo kapena LAN Network (dzina zosiyanasiyana) ndi kupeza boma menyu ndi zoikamo DHCP. Kodi Ine kuyatsa maadiresi rauta yogawa? Monga bango mizere athe DHCP ndi kuyambiransoko rauta lapansi.

Configuring DHCP rauta

Ngati zoikamo kusakhulupirika chiyani singakwaniritse, mungathe kusintha magawo kasinthidwe. Menyu chomwecho pamene ife m'gulu ntchito adiresi kugawa, mukhoza kulowa osiyanasiyana kufalitsa IP-maadiresi monga 192.153.0.1 - 192.153.0.3. Ntchito mukhoza mwachindunji maadiresi awiri okha, mwachitsanzo, ndi laputopu ndi foni. Izi zimasokoneza chiwerengero cha zipangizo imodzi, amene kugwirizana lophweka kutetezedwa.

Kenako, sintha pachipata (Gataway). Izi IP-adiresi ya chipangizo yomwe zipangizo intaneti. Childs, njirayi ndi chimodzimodzi monga IP-adiresi ya rauta lapansi.

Atalenga zoikamo zofunika, muyenera adzawapulumutsa ndipo Chisudzulo Chikuwononga rauta lapansi. Chikadzangotha zoikamo kuyambitsanso adzatenga kwenikweni.

Musanayambe kuletsa DHCP, muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti chipangizo chanu adiresi malo amodzi. Kuletsa ndi zodziwikiratu yogawa kufunika kuchotsa chongani kuchokera DHCP njira mu zoikamo rauta, kusunga kusintha ndi kuyambiransoko chipangizo.