Chiwonetsero cha filimu yoyamba

Wakhala paliponse masiku ano kuti mafilimu a kanema onse kupangidwa m'zaka 19 mochedwa, pamene, ndipo panali chiwonetsero cha kanema choyamba. Lingaliro pachiyambi anatulukira ndi kupereka zithunzi ikuyenda.

Makamaka otchuka mu filimu anabwera m'ma 20, pamene makampani lonse anapanga filimu. tsopano Iye ali gawo kwambiri chikhalidwe ano, ndipo onse anayamba ndi poyesa kulenga chithunzi chokwawa padziko sing'anga thupi ndi kuwonetsera izo pa TV.

Ngakhale kuti ntchito zofunika zoyambitsidwa luso, makamaka, kunafuna kuti kuwala tcheru ndi kusintha filimu purojekitala ndi zida kuti limalola kafukufuku kuchuluka. Kwa zaka zambiri, ambiri woyamba wotchuka analimbana ndi ntchitoyo. M'kupita kwa nthawi, iwo anatha kulenga njira kuti akhoza kupanga ndi kujambula, ndiye chiwonetsero cha kanema yoyamba m'mbiri. Izo zinachitika mu Paris 03.22.1895 chaka, chifukwa cha ntchito za abale Lumiere.

Kwa bwalo yopapatiza cha abwenzi izo wasonyeza tepi mwachidule, imene inkatchedwa "Kuchokera ntchito ndi Factory Lumiere". Zinali kanema choyamba. A pang'ono zisanachitike, February chaka chino, wakhala okhala ndi Lumière abale, chipangizo choyamba kuti amalola kulandira fano ikuyenda.

Adalenga osakaniza kanema kamera ndi kukhazikitsa mfundo kulenga kanema. Panali chiwonetsero cha filimu yoyamba Paris pa Boulevard des Capucines, khomo dipolo. Chapansi "Grand Cafe" anasonyeza filimu "Kufika kwa sitima ku siteshoni ya La Maapatimenti." Zitatha izi yochepa filimu amayamba kuonera ntchito zina yochepa abale Lumiere. Chiwonetsero cha filimu yoyamba anapitiriza azithunzithunzi sewero "matebulo Kutembenuka pa munda", ndipo anthu akhala akufuna filimu-ziwembu zingapo.

Pali lomwe pamene kusakatula omvera anakhudzidwa ndi kayendedwe ka sitima yapamtunda, analumpha m'mipando yawo chifukwa cha kuwopa opsinjika kapena kuvulazidwa. Izi woyamba malonda filimu gawo chinali chiyambi cha dziko lonse la mafilimu a kanema.

Mufilimuyi choyamba, wopangidwa Russia, zinaoneka mu 1908. M'mwezi wa October anasonyeza asanu mphindi filimu "Ponizova libertines." Zinali tepi, zachokera nyimbo ya Stepan Razin. Woyamba mafilimu a kanema amasonyeza mu Russia zinachitika pang'ono kale. Iwo anali inachitika m'chilimwe m'munda "Aquarium" mu St. Petersburg mu 1896 ndipo anali mphindi khumi buku la mafilimu Lumière. Chochitika ichi makamaka inali bungwe. Movie anaonetsera mu yopuma wa ntchito nyimbo. anthu anasangalala. A masiku angapo pambuyo zinachitikadi ndipo woyamba amasonyeza mafilimu a kanema mu Moscow. N'zochititsa chidwi ananena zidindo wake wa mafilimu a kanema Gorky. Iye anafotokoza kuti mawu awa, "" mthunzi wa moyo kapena soundless mthunzi wa gululi. "

kinopredprinimateli Private mu zaka chisanadze chosintha ku Russia anachotsa ambiri mafilimu. Nthawi zambiri, kanema mu Russia mu zaka anali anatengera masewero zachikondi kapena zapamwamba zolembalemba, mmodzi wa iwo anali ngakhale zikuluzikulu mbiri filimu "Kuteteza Sevastopol". Masiku ano, angatchedwe zigawenga.

Nthawi pambuyo chosintha anali yodziwika ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa Watsimikiza Commissars Anthu a nationalization kinootdela. kokaonera mafilimu Russian ndi lonse makampani amaziona m'mafilimu kuyambira pamenepo atenga Commissariat of Education. mwambo umenewu unali wotchuka mu 1979, anaganiza kukhazikitsa mu ulemu wa chikondwerero wake wonse wamphumphu. Lero amatchedwa Tsiku la Russian Cinema, ndi ulemu wa woyamba kudziwitsa anthu filimu unachitikira kukondwerera holide wina, dzina lake la International Tsiku la mafilimu a kanema.

Sound filimu nyengo inayamba mu 1927 ndi filimu «Warner Abale» kampani. Cipangizo "The Jazz woimba" anali bwino yaikulu, kubweretsa phindu lalikulu. Woyamba phokoso zoweta filimu - ndi "Njira ya ku Moyo", bwanji umene unachitika mu March 1931.

Mu 1922 anawamasulira mtundu wake woyamba film, izo kunali kovuta kwambiri, ndipo Sanayamikire omvera. Woyamba "zonse" mtundu Tinanyamuka filimu «La Cucaracha», monga woyamba filimu anabwera mu 1935 ndipo chinali chiyambi cha mtundu filimu.