Chitsa - Kodi maziko a mtengo zipatso

Chitsa - wotani mawu chidwi amadziwika mwina yekha kwa okonda horticulture? Ndipo pali anthu amene mwakula pa ziwembu zawo maapulo ndi mapeyala, timaona ndi zamoyo Russian ndi breeder IV Michurin, anati katundu - Kodi maziko a mtengo chipatso, amene amasankha tingachidziwe MITUNDU: mawonekedwe, kukula ndi kukoma. Tiyeni kumvetsetsa mmene likukhalira.

Chitsa kwa mitengo apulo: chinsinsi cha kukula mitundu bwino

mitengo ya zipatso akhoza kukhala wamkulu kwa mbewu. Koma zomera latsopano zimasiyana zokolola ntchito, hardiness, fruiting, etc. Ngakhale ngati akhala panopa ku mbewu za apulo. Choncho, zokonda zapatsidwa kwa kubalana vegetative, mwachitsanzo, kumezetsanitsa cuttings kapena masamba a mitundu anakhumba chomera pa mbande anasankha.

Stock - ichi Umutu ndi mmera, omwe zimalimbikitsa cuttings ndi mphukira (a Scion). Iwo amasonyeza umoyo lonse la mitengo m'tsogolo, durability ake ndi khalidwe la zipatso. Choncho, katundu ayenera kusinthidwa kuti zinkachitika m'deralo nyengo, kukana kuti tizirombo ndi matenda. Koma izi ayenera kuphunzitsa wabwino kwa iye mizu.

Kukula mbande zaka 4:

• 1 chaka - wakula mbande mbewu;
• chaka 2 - increments kwa iwo Scion;
• 3 Chaka - lapachaka mmera limakula;
• 4 chaka - mmera osatha kuziika pa malo okhazikika.

Mbewu kwa mbande ndi kuwasankha, ndi kuti akhoza anabzala mu April, iwo ayenera kukumana stratification. Ndi chiyani icho?

Kodi kukonzekera mbewu kwa rootstocks bwino

Pakuti mbande Hardy mbewu ntchito bwino akupangidwa amphamvu ndi kucha zipatso. Kawirikawiri amasankhidwa cultivars monga Grushovka Moscow, Antonivka, Borovinka. Pamaso m'dzinja kufesa, iwo kuwasankha, zouma ndiyeno okha anabzala. Mphukira adzawonekera masika lotsatira.

Ngati mbewu kupita kudzala mu masika, iwo ayenera kukhala chisanadze stratification - kucha pa kutentha zina, mwinamwake mbewu sadzatero.

Chifukwa chaichi adayala mu bokosi ndi peat ndi mchenga yothira ndi kuika pa kutentha 5-7 ° C mu mdima. Pafupifupi ndondomeko kusunga mbewu kutenga masiku 80-90. Izo zimatengera kalasi awo. Nthawi ayenera madzi Choncho iwo si lopuwala. Ngati iwo anayamba kumera asanakalambe, bokosi ayenera anasamukira ku malo udzakhala wolimba kugwira pa ziro kutentha.

Nyenyezi yaing'ono chitsa cha apulo

Mbande kwa mitengo ya zipatso ndi wolimba, sing'anga, theka-nyenyezi yaing'ono. Aliyense zawo mbali zipatso ndi zofunika okhutira. Koma kutchuka kwambiri anayamba ntchito nyenyezi yaing'ono. N'chifukwa chiyani tikutero?

Ubwino anasangalala ndi chitsa nyenyezi yaing'ono chifukwa maapulo ndi mapeyala, ndi mkulu khalidwe chipatso (zikuluzikulu, chokoma, owala), iwo anayamba zipse kale pa zaka 2 kapena 3. Komanso, kumabwezera mmbuyo kukula kwa mbande ya mitengo, kufika mamita awiri okha. Choncho mosavuta kusamalira ndi kusamalira mankhwala ndi kukolola m'dera limodzi unit analandira 3 zina kuposa kuchokera kudera la kukula kumene mbande wolimba anakwiriridwa.

Koma zofooka ndiponso ali ndi chitsa nyenyezi yaing'ono. Izi zachiphamaso mizu, sachedwa yozizira koopsa, ndipo amafuna unsembe wa zogwiriziza kuchirikiza mtengo, komanso madzi pafupipafupi m'nyengo yotentha.

Ena mitundu ya mbewu nyenyezi yaing'ono apulo kwa

Paradizka IX - ndi chitsa nyenyezi yaing'ono kwa maluwa ndi akalumikidzidwa apulo. Good anga, kuti ali mkulu zizindikiro chuma ndi kwachilengedwenso. Akuwombera tchire kukula wakuda, wabulauni mtundu ndi kum'chitira chikasu, yokutidwa ndi masamba wandiweyani chowulungika. Ndi chitsamba imodzi 10 analandira pamaso layering. Chifukwa dongosolo osaya muzu pamene anaika m'munda, muyenera kulenga atithandize. Mbande whimsical m'nthaka, izo bwino chakula palmettnyh ndi minda Shpalernaya-nyenyezi yaing'ono.

Ena otchuka nyenyezi yaing'ono rootstocks kwa mitengo apulo - Paradizka krasnolistnyh. Iwo ali kukana mkulu chisanu, angathe M'madera kumpoto, kum'mawa. Umatheka ndi masamba ndi pigment lofiirira. The dothi iwo kukhala lotayirira ndi lonyowa. Yambani kubala zipatso oyambirira, mkulu zokolola. Mmodzi drawback - matabwa osalimba, chifukwa chimene apulo kwa otsetsereka pansi.

Kodi kudzala mbewu

Kakang'ono apulo chitsa cha chonde ndi kuika pa chakudya chambiri lotayirira nthaka. m'dera ayenera bwino anayatsa ndi kutetezedwa mphepo. The kubzala dzenje kukula kwa 100 ndi 70 masentimita feteleza mchere akhoza kuwonjezeredwa. Chifukwa chaichi, thandizo ndi anaikapo m'menemo, anatsanulira chitunda humus kapena mankhwala enaake potassium pamwamba wosanjikiza pachikuto cha nthaka popanda zina mchere (5-6 cm).

Rootstocks obzalidwa kuti mizu yake anali kuyamba nthaka ndi fetereza ndi pamwamba anatsekedwa. Ngati dothi kapena madzi nthaka ali pafupi ankafika, kupanga mapiri chochuluka kwa masentimita 50. M'pofunika onetsetsani kuti ndondomeko kumezetsanitsa sanawonekere mu nthaka. Scion ayenera kukhala 5 cm kuchoka pansi, mwinamwake icho chimapita ku mizu ndi dwarfism atayika.

Pomaliza ...

Chitsa - mmera, amene ndikamezetsanidwemo mbewu ina. Mtengo watsopano chidzakula ndi kufunika makhalidwe kwachilengedwenso ndi chuma, koma kukachitika kuti athanzi ndi mmera panopa ku mbewu asankha zonse kutalika adzakhala anasankha. Koma kuti sikokwanira. Kukondweretsa apulo m'tsogolo yokolola, m'pofunika kuti mmera mosamala liyang'anire ndi kusamalira pa magawo onse a kukula, n'kupanga yake ndi kusintha korona wake, kudyetsa feteleza ndi kuteteza anthu ku nyengo ndi tizirombo.