Chigwirizano ndi mitundu ya mphamvu zalamulo

Mphamvu ya phunziroli ndi lingaliro kwa anthu omwe alibe chidziwitso chakuya chalamulo, omwe sadziwa. Kodi ndi chiyani chomwe chafotokozedwa m'nkhaniyi pansipa?

Tanthauzo la nthawi

Civil Code imafotokoza kuti munthu aliyense ali ndi mitundu iwiri ya makhalidwe. Uwu ndiwo mphamvu ndi mphamvu zalamulo. Zomaliza zikutanthauza kuti munthu ali ndi ufulu. Ufulu walamulo umapezeka mwa munthu aliyense kuyambira nthawi yoberekera, ndiko kuti, mwana wobadwa kale ali wovomerezeka, ali ndi ufulu wosiyana, mwachitsanzo, ufulu wa moyo, ufulu wa maphunziro, ndi zina zotero.

Mosiyana ndi mphamvu yalamulo, mphamvu yochita sizimawonekera kuchokera kubadwa. Ndipotu, lingaliro limeneli limatanthauza kuti munthu ali ndi mwayi wopanga ntchito zinazake, kuzichita, kugwiritsa ntchito ufulu wina.

Kuwonekera kwa mphamvu zalamulo ndi mitundu yake

Monga lamulo, mphamvu yalamulo imapezeka kuchokera pa nthawi yambiri. Munthu akatembenuka zaka khumi ndi zisanu ndi zitatu, malinga ndi lamulo, iye amalingalira kuti ali wokhoza. Kuchokera nthawi imeneyo, akhoza kuchita chilichonse chogulitsana, kuthetsa malonjezo alionse yekha popanda chilolezo, ndi kuchita zina zofunikira mwalamulo. Komabe, ngakhale munthu wosakwana zaka khumi ndi zisanu ndi zitatu amadziwika kuti ali ndi ufulu wochita zinthu. Malingana ndi msinkhu wa phunzirolo, mphamvu imagawidwa kukhala zamoyo. Zonsezi ziripo mitundu iwiri ya mphamvu zalamulo. Woyamba, monga tanenera pamwambapa, ali ndi mphamvu zokwanira zalamulo. Yachiwiri ndi mphamvu yamagawo.

Mphamvu yochepa ya ana

Kenaka, mphamvu yamagawo imagawidwa m'magulu ena. Mitundu ya mphamvu (yopanda tsankho) ndi yotsatira: yoyamba ikukhudzana ndi mphamvu za boma za ana omwe asanakwanitse zaka khumi ndi zinayi. Komabe, ayenera kukhala osachepera zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi. Ana otero ali ndi mphamvu yochepa kwambiri yalamulo, amaloledwa kupanga zochitika zina zokhazikitsidwa ndi lamulo. Zochita zina zonse zomwe anawo amazichita zidzatengedwa kuti ndizomwe zilibe kanthu. Lamulo limafotokoza momveka bwino zimene ana awa angachite:

1. Gulitsani, kugulitsa, kupanga zokopa zina zazing'ono zapakhomo. Mwachitsanzo, mwana akhoza kupanga zosinthana za wina ndi mwana wina. Pa nthawi yomweyi mtengo wa chidolewu uyenera kukhala wololera, woyenera msinkhu wa mwanayo. Kugulitsa koteroko kudzazindikiridwa kukhala kovomerezeka.
2. Ana a zaka zapadera angathe kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama zomwe makolo awo anawapatsa. Mwana aliyense akhoza kudzigulitsa yekha m'sitolo maswiti ena, ndipo zidzatsatiridwa ndi malamulo.
3. Zochita zidzazindikiranso kuti ndizovomerezeka, zomwe siziyenera kutsimikiziridwa ndi mlembi, ndipo zonsezi ndizopindula ndi mwana wamng'ono. Pa nthawi yomweyo, phindu limeneli liyenera kukhala laulere.

Ufulu wa boma wa ana osakwana zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi salipo, zochita zawo zonse ndizosafunikira, ndiko kuti, malondawo adzalalikidwa osayenera.

Anthu okalamba

Mitundu ya mphamvu imaphatikizapo mphamvu yowonjezera, koma yosakwanitsa kukwaniritsa mphamvu zalamulo. Choncho, mtundu wotsatizana wamtunduwu ndi umene umapezeka mwa ana osakwana zaka khumi ndi zisanu ndi zitatu, koma zaka zoposa khumi ndi zinayi. Mwa ana oterowo, luso logwiritsa ntchito ufulu wawo latha kale. Kuwonjezera pa kuchita zomwezo monga ana, akhoza:

1. Tsegulani akaunti mu mabanki.
2. Khalani olemba.
3. Khalani nawo mu makampani.

Komabe, izi ndizo zomwe angathe kuzidziwitsa okha. Luso lawo lovomerezeka limathandiza abambo otero kupanga chilichonse chogwirizana ndi chilolezo cha makolo awo, ndipo ngati palibe chomwechi - popanda chilolezo cha alonda, matrasti. Mwachitsanzo, mwana ali ndi zaka 15 amatha kugula ndi kugulitsa nyumba, ngati pali chilolezo chovomerezeka cha oimira zamalamulo.

Luso lonse lalamulo

Monga tanena kale, mphamvu zonse zalamulo zimadza ndi zaka. Komabe, muzochitika, pali milandu pamene kulephera koteroku kumawoneka mwa ana. Malamulo amaloledwa kuzindikira anthu oterewa kuti athe kuchita zimenezi, koma ngati atakwaniritsa zofunikira.

Choncho, makolo a mwana wamng'ono ali ndi ufulu wopereka chilolezo kwa mwana wake wamwamuna kapena wamkazi, kuti athe kukhazikitsa mphamvu zawo zonse, ngati atatero, akugwira ntchito, akupeza ndalama. Angathe kuchita ntchito yogulitsa malonda, ndipo izi zidzakhalanso maziko. Komabe, ngati kholo silingavomereze kukulitsa ufulu wake kwa mwana wake, iye angagwiritse ntchito ku makhoti. Ndiye woweruza adzathetsa vutoli.

Chifukwa china ndizokwatirana. Inde, ukwatiwo uyenera kukhala wovomerezeka ndi kulembedwa mu matupi ovomerezeka. Zimakhulupirira kuti anthu omwe ali m'banja laukwati ayenera kukhala ndi ufulu wochita zovomerezeka.

Anthu ochepa omwe ali ndi mphamvu zalamulo

Mitundu yowonjezera imaphatikizapo luso lokha komanso laling'ono, komanso losiyana pang'ono. Civil Code imanena izi mu Article 29. Kukhazikitsidwa kwa mphamvu zalamulo ndizo zotchedwa kuchepa kwa ufulu wa munthu wokwanira. Malingana ndi zochitika zachilengedwe, khotili ndilololedwa kutenga zowonongeka, koma zimagonjetsedwa ndi nzika zomwe zimaledzeredwa ndi mowa kapena mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Khothi, pempho la achibale kapena anthu ena okhudzidwa, lingalepheretse kugwiritsa ntchito ufulu wawo. Mwachitsanzo, pakuchita, nthawi zambiri anthu amadwala amaletsedwa kuchita zinthu.

Kulephereka kwa mphamvu zalamulo ndiyeso kwa anthu omwe achibale awo ali odwala ndi matenda a m'maganizo akukakamizidwa kuti agwiritse ntchito. Ndondomeko yowonongedwa (ufulu) wa ufulu pa nkhaniyi ikuchitsidwanso kudzera mwa akuluakulu a boma. Ngati matenda a m'maganizo ndi aakulu kwambiri, ndiye kuti mphamvu zitha kuletsedwa.

Kutsiliza

Choncho, si anthu onse omwe angathe kugwiritsa ntchito ufulu wawo, komanso kupanga ntchito, monga momwe Civil Code ikufotokozera. Mpikisano ndi khalidwe lomwe limapezedwa ndi msinkhu, koma nthawi zina zingatheke. Chinthu china chosiyanitsa khalidweli ndi chakuti sichitha kufalitsidwa, sichikanatha. Mitundu yowonjezera malamulo yomwe ili m'nkhani ino ndi yochuluka, koma nthawi zina pali zosiyana, zomwe, monga momwe zikuyembekezeredwa, zimangotengedwa mu makhoti okha.