Bwalo la European Union: alikuti zikuchokera, mphamvu

Anthu nthawi zonse anafunafuna kugwirizanitsa. Zimenezi zikutsimikiziridwa ndi mbiri yaitali ya boma mapangidwe, wobadwa mwa mabanja kamodzi-alipo mafuko kapena mabungwe. M'kupita kwa nthawi, kukula kwa formations chikhalidwe wasonyeza mphamvu ya mabungwe a anthu amene kumaonekera mu ndondomeko ya malamulo ubale chikhalidwe. Koma kugwirizana zochita za misa - si kwambiri ongolankhula monga nkhani zothandiza zofuna mozama ziyenera ndi njira ntchito.

Mfundo yofunika kuti anthu si chogwirizana. Pamafunikanso anthu a mitundu yosiyanasiyana, zikhulupiriro, mafuko, etc. iwo ayenera anakwanitsa pamaziko a chikoka konsekonse. M'mawu ena, m'pofunika ntchito yonse ya anthu, osati magulu payekha. Kwa nthawi yaitali anthu sanathe kupeza abwino yang'anira a chikhalidwe Relations. Komabe, linali lamulo, mphamvu ya amene kumawonjezera tsiku lililonse likadutsa.

Tikumbukenso kuti m'dziko yamakono anapeza ufulu mitundu ingapo ya nthambi. Komanso, chizindikiro cha gulu chimakwirira zisudzo zosiyanasiyana. Chochititsa chidwi n'chakuti lamulo EU (European Union). Kapangidwe Izi zikutibweretsa pamodzi ambiri malamulo. Mu nkhani iyi, EU anayamba wamphamvu limagwirira zokwanira kuteteza ufulu wa nzika za mtundu uliwonse kuphwanya. Ntchito imeneyi imatenga m'Bwalo la European Union, za zinthu ndi ntchito zomwe akambirana nthawi ina nkhaniyi.

EU - mfundo ndi zikuchokera

Bwalo la European Union - ichi ndi thupi lake kuli ndi chifukwa kukhalapo dongosolo yaikulu supergosudarstvennoy. Chotero ali lero European Union. Pakati pake penipeni, ndi EU - ndi mgwirizano chuma ndi ndale za mayiko amene apangidwa kuti agwirire ntchito akukhudzidwira ndi zolinga zina.

mogwira gulu la European Union ndi pa mlingo mwachilungamo mkulu. M'mawu ena, mayiko EU, mndandanda wa amene anapereka m'munsimu, adzapindula nawo ukwati, monga kumakhudza mwachindunji pa olemera. Komanso nawo Union zikutanthauza malire lotseguka, amene kwambiri facilitates malonda.

Choncho, mu EU lero zikuphatikizapo mayiko:

• Austria.
• Belgium.
• Bulgaria.
• UK.
• Hungary.
• Germany.
• Greece.
• Denmark.
• Ireland.
• Spain.
• Italy.
• Cyprus.
• Latvia.
• Lithuania.
• Luxembourg.
• Malta.
• Netherlands.
• Poland.
• Portugal.
• Estonia.
• Romania.
• Slovakia.
• Slovenia.
• Finland.
• France.
• Sweden.
• Czech Republic.

Pankhani machitidwe a kucheza anati, ndi chosinthika. lamulo EU zimakhudza kwambiri nkhani zimene zimachitika njira ya zintchito dongosolo chuma ndi ndale. Choncho, kwa phunziro mwatsatanetsatane m'pofunika kumvetsa peculiarities wa dongosolo malamulo gulu.

lamulo la European Union

EU mayiko, zomwe mndandanda nthawi zonse kusinthidwa, ntchito amatsatila malamulo apadera malamulo. Choncho lamulo la European Union - lachindunji kwenikweni ake dongosolo zokhudza ndondomeko evrointergratsii mayiko nawo ocheza nawo, ndipo ndi udindo uziyenda bwino akuluakulu ake.

Pali mfundo zingapo view pa umwini wa gulu. Akatswiri ambiri amanena kuti lamulo EU - ndi dongosolo palokha kuti Chili mbali kiyi malamulo a onse dongosolo lonse ndi machitidwe a limati membala. oimira ena a sayansi amanena zokhudza kuli gulu pa Institute International. Mulimonse mmene mwina, kukana kudziyimira pawokha za lamulo EU sangakhale pa zifukwa zotsatirazi:

• lili dongosolo ake;
• lamulo la European Union ndi mfundo zina;
• agwiritsidwa kwa ophunzira aliyense;
• lamulo EU chinanena mu maziko osiyana malamulo.

Timadziwa kuti pali dongosolo malamulo Mzimuyo kufunika chilungamo, amene ndi kuteteza kuthekera kwa nzika zake. Mu European Union pali dongosolo la chilungamo, zotuluka pa zomwe akuwonetseredwa mu khoti wapadera.

mabungwe Judicial la European Union

Kumene, pa kayendetsedwe ka mayiko 28 za thupi la EU , n'zosatheka popanda kukhalapo kwa matupi wapadera, amene ntchito ndi njira ya nkhani zina. M'mawu ena, mu dongosolo aliyense ayenera kupezeka Institute of Justice.

Ngati ife kulankhula makamaka za bungwe la European Union, mwa ichi pali bungwe, ndi, Chofunika kwambiri, ogwira ntchito kwa zaka zambiri. nkhani yake akuyamba mu 1952, pamene idamangidwa pa Malasha European ndi Zitsulo Association Court. Kenako, thupi anadzatchedwa ndi ECJ. Asanabwere ake, ulamuliro ankaona ambiri milandu chikhalidwe chosiyana. Chibwenzi, khoti la European Union, yeniyeni, ntchito yake ndi malamulo ndi malamulo a Pangano la Lisbon, chibwenzi ku 2007. Malinga ndi chidutswa cha malamulo anagonjera thupi ili yamtunduwu ndi ntchito yeniyeni. Malo a khoti la European Union mzinda wa Luxembourg.

dipatimenti zikuchokera

Pakali pano, bwalo ukugwira ntchito kupyolera yaikulu chimango malamulo komanso anamanga dongosolo lamkati. Mfundo yofunika ndi kuti EU Court dongosolo kumathandiza efficiently kufufuza milandu yosiyanasiyana. Kuti pali ntchito yogawa wa yamtunduwu pakati pa mbali constituent za thupi. Iwo ayenera kumvetsa kuti mawu akuti "Bwalo la Justice la European Union" - khalidwe la ndondomeko ya chilungamo lonse mu Kapangidwe ka EU chibwenzi. Chinthu chachikulu amakhala dongosolo, mosakayika, ndi yaying'ono. akuphatikizapo amaperekedwa ndi Pangano pa European Union. Malinga ndi kafukufuku akukhala mu kuchita izi normative, khoti la Justice wapangidwa ndi:

- mwachindunji kubwalo;

- Khoti;

- apadera kuweruza.

Aliyense wa zinthu izi ndi udindo yofotokoza kapena kuchita malonda ndi khalidwe zina. Ndipotu zimenezi zimapangitsa kuti kuli ntchito zosiyanasiyana pa nkhani iliyonse.

Court ngati chinthu chofunikira kwambiri kwa Institute EU Chilungamo

Luxembourg City ndi malo waukulu dipatimenti malo amene amaloledwa kuthana ndi mikangano mwa mphamvu anapatsa European Union. Bwalo la mapangidwe ndi ulamuliro wapamwamba EU Institute of Justice dongosolo. magawo Court imachitikira awiri chifukwa bungwe mitundu: plenary ndi Zipatalazo lapansi. The yamtunduwu wa thupi lonse zokwanira lero. Chimenechi ndi chifukwa bulkiness ya kapangidwe chuma ndi ndale ya European Union ndi chimango ake zolimbana. thupi kumutsogolera wapampando amene ali kuposa Kun Lenaerts.

Kapangidwe ka Court ndi

Anapereka thupi mwadongosolo. akuphatikizapo gulu tichipeza zinthu zitatu. Woyamba ndi tcheyamaniyo. Ndi boma Chili ntchito za Court Management Institute of European Union. Iye ali wosankhidwa kwa zaka 3 molemekeza chinsinsi ndi mamembala Mwachitsanzo. Ntchito yaikulu ya tcheyamani ndi kufalitsa milandu pakati pa Dipatimenti ya Court ndi mgwirizano kupangidwa. zinthu kandalama alinso chipinda ndi magawo plenary. Iwo kulibe kusintha Mwachangu ya chithandizo cha kupanga. zinthu zofunika kwambiri kumvetsa izo pa msonkhano plenary.

thupi zikuchokera

Kumene, mumzinda wa Luxembourg amadziwika oweruza, osati bwalo. Ndipotu, kugwiritsa ntchito zina ndi ntchito pansi pa ulamuliro wake. The zikuchokera kwa Court ndi yaikulu kwambiri. Ndi ntchito mamembala 28 tsiku, ndiko kuti, munthu mmodzi aliyense membala dziko la European Union. Komanso pali malo monga malangizo ambiri. Iwo ali gawo la EU anapatsa Court kuti anthu 8. M'pofunika kuona pamaso pa chipangizo ndi kalaliki m'khoti dongosolo thupi.

Mphamvu za European Union Court of Justice

Ulamuliro uliwonse angapo zochita omwe ayenera akuyendera pa maziko kuvomerezedwa. Koma bungweli akuupereka ndi mphamvu, ndiyo ufulu kanthu mu dera. Bwalo la European Union, mu nkhani iyi yotero. Iwo anapatsidwanso angapo maboma a anthu amene kungadzutse ntchito yofunika kwambiri ya ulamuliro. Mphamvu enshrined mu Pangano pa European Union. Pa makonzedwe, Khotilo ali ndi ufulu:

• mawu ankaona zonena za mayiko nawo kwa kuphwanya nkhani zina zofanana ufulu zolamulidzwazo potsata malamulo EU;
• kuwunika ntchito za mabungwe yaikulu ya European Union pa nkhani yamtunduwu ndi umayenda mu nkhani zokhudza yeniyeni;
• kutanthauzira malamulo EU pa pempho la zipani chidwi;
• kuti aone kumbali ya malamulo inakhazikitsa ndi matupi kucheza ndi moyenerera awo mu ndondomeko ya malamulo ubale ena;
• tione mikangano yawo mwachindunji pakati European Union monga gulu kwathunthu ndi zinthu payekha;
• nkhani pozindikira chenjezo zoimbira zosiyanasiyana ufulu wa anthu padziko lonse;
• kubala cassation ndi chigamulo cha Khoti.

Ndikaonekere kwa Authority

Monga tikuonera, akuluakulu a milandu la European Union zikuphatikizapo kwambiri mphindi chidwi. M'lifupi mwa yamtunduwu wake anafotokoza gawo lalikulu la kucheza ndi kukhalapo kwa ambiri ophunzira, amene ali, nayenso, popangidwa ndi maiko palokha. Pankhaniyi, khoti anawonjezera ntchito mosamalitsa nkhani EU. M'mawu ena, amadandaula kuti Khoti Loona akhoza akadandaule yekha ndi chipani wolowera ku ukwati. Izi chinthu makamaka ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zomwe zimatchulidwa mu dongosolo Nkhani thupi.

zokhuza Khoti la

States la European Union akhoza kuzigwiritsa ntchito yapadera mayanjano ulamuliro chilungamo. Monga angatchedwe Khoti. Ngakhale mutu wake loti, ulamuliro saganizira milandu olumikizidwa mwa njira iliyonse nkhondo, etc. Komabe, mphamvu ya Khoti si zochepa waukulu kuposa wa EU Court of Justice. M'zochita zake, zinthu lidzayenera kuonanso milandu chifukwa kumawononga, pa Kupenda kumbali ndipo umayenda wa EU matupi zolimbana la milandu za wongokhala mabungwe ena ndi mayanjano wa Bank European Central, etc. The yamtunduwu wa Khoti anakonza mapangano osiyanasiyana a kucheza lomwe limanena za umayenda ake.

Kodi khoti apadera?

Mkaidi mu 2001. Pangano la Nice amapereka kuli Mwachitsanzo ina ya chilungamo mu EU. Anatsegula milandu apadera matupi yeniyeni nawo kuganizira za milandu yeniyeni. Monga ulamuliro, izi ndi mikangano akuwuka mu dera misonkhano ndi nkhani nzeru katundu. Choncho, ntchito ya Anatsegula milandu apadera ndi wapadera mu chikhalidwe ndi ntchito owerengeka nkhani zinchito.

Kodi pali chinthu 4 a dongosolo EU chilungamo?

Asayansi ambiri amanena kuti kapangidwe ka matupi wapadera mu European Union wapangidwa ndi munthu ambiri zinthu kuposa anthu ali ndi chakudya chikalatacho boma. Lero, jurists ambiri Udindo mu dongosolo milandu la EU akuluakulu dziko milandu la maiko nawo. nkhani Iyi ndi maganizo, monga mwa mphamvu ya European Union mutu mabungwe palibe mgwirizano makhoti dziko.

Pomaliza

Kotero, ife ndinayang'ana pa mfundo, mbali ndi mphamvu Court of Justice la European Union, omwe amaperekedwa ndi malangizo applicable wa gulu. Pankhaniyi, tisaiwale kuti ntchito umaimiridwa ndi thupi la EU, ngakhale ndi Lamulo ndi kothandiza, izo amafuna ena zosintha ndi kukweza.