Best Soviet firiji: makhalidwe mtundu, malongosoledwe

Ngakhale kale anthu zinaonekeratu kuti ntchito kutentha otsika zimathandiza kusunga mankhwala. Kwa nthawi yaitali makolo athu ntchito zachilengedwe a ozizira. Zinali ayezi, amene anakumana mu nyengo yozizira, nayikidwa mu maenje kapena kosungira. Mu oundana izi yokumba anasunga zakudya, ndi m'chilimwe. Choncho panali yambiri kuti analibe mwayi wotero. Chiwerengero tikukhala mu nyengo yotentha, anafunika kuchita mosiyana. Mwachitsanzo, Aiguputo ntchito kuteteza zakudya ziwiya wapadera wodzazidwa ndi madzi, amene utakhazikika pa usiku.

Inde, njira izi zidali chomwecho wosazindikira kuti sankandilola kupeza zotsatira chokwanira kuzirala. Chirichonse zasintha kokha m'zaka za m'ma 20 pamene anatulukira refrigeration unit. Lodabwitsali mu magwiridwe ake chipangizo asanabwere chake kusanduka kuchokera unit bulky mu wothandizira singasiyanitsidwe, amene inkapezeka mu m'nyumba iliyonse.

Woyamba chitukuko Russian

Chipangizo kulola kuti kuziziritsa katundu mu dziko lathu anaonekera mu m'ma 20. The mayunitsi woyamba zinalembedwa pa nthawi ya ulamuliro Tsarist. Voliyumu ya zipangizozi anali malita 100, ndi kulemera - 50 kg. makulidwe awo anali ofanana 365h505h900 mm.

nduna unapangidwa nkhuni, pamene maalumali - amapangidwa ndi zitsulo kanasonkhezereka. chipangizo chazirala mankhwala digiri Zisanu ndi ziwiri pamwamba ziro. Komabe, ulimi wa chitukuko cha refrigerators mu Tsarist Russia sanalandire. Iwo chinalepheretsa mliri wa First World nkhondo, kenako - kusintha. Pa Civil nkhondo, ndiyeno collectivisation wa refrigerators alibe ngakhale adakumbukira.

Analengedwa mu USSR

Mu ulamuliro Union, mayunitsi chitukuko cha yozizira mankhwala linayamba mu mmasate mochedwa zaka mazana makumi awiri. Woyamba Soviet firiji linatulutsidwa mu 1937. fakitale ake anakhala Kharkov thalakitala Bzalani (HTZ). N'chifukwa chake chitsanzo cha unit HTZ 120 dzina lake.

Choyamba Soviet firiji anali ndi buku la 120 L. Iye wakhala akuweta kompresa hermetic ndipo analengedwa pa alumali pakati madigiri opanda atatu. Mu evaporator, iwo amagwa madigiri makumi awiri pansi pa ziro. Mkati mwa firiji panali babu kuwala. Izo basi pamene chitseko tidutse. Makulidwe a chipinda cha mkati ndi ofanana 755h455h380 mm. Choyamba Soviet firiji anali kutchinjiriza zopangidwa CHIKWANGWANI nkhuni. unali wochindikala 80 mm.

Kusintha zipangizo kupanga mankhwala yosungirako kulimbikitsa mosavuta. N'chifukwa chake kuŵeta refrigerators izi loyamba la Soviet Union anawamasula yekha mu 1939. Patangopita chaka chimodzi, ndi ogula malonda kugunda mayunitsi 3,500. Komabe, pofuna kukwaniritsa yopanga refrigerators anali inaimitsidwa. Iwo anali mawu Wamkulu zosonyeza kukonda nkhondo.

Wina refrigerators mtundu

Kuwonjezera mtundu HTZ 120 ndilo psinjika, pamaso nkhondoyo inali akupangidwa ziwembu mayamwidwe refrigerating zida. Pambuyo maphunziro opangidwa zinachitika wake. Izi firiji Soviet anali ndi buku zothandiza 30 DM. Kutentha anagwa digiri zisanu opanda m'chipinda, ndi mowa mphamvu anali 100 Watts. Komabe, ngakhale atayesedwa bwino, anali konse anamasulidwa kupanga chifukwa cha mliri wa nkhondo.

The resumption ntchito pa chilengedwe cha firiji

Mu nthawi unawonongedwa chitukuko cha nyumba mayamwidwe anapitiriza "Gazoaparat" fakitale. Chifukwa cha ntchito imene imachitika Soviet firiji wa mtundu uwu waikidwa mu kuŵeta. The mtanda woyamba wa mayunitsi anabwera pa msonkhano mzere mu 1950. buku la firiji chipinda "Gazoaparat" ndi dzina lomweli la Mlengi, anali malita 45.

Kusintha kwa zipangizo anayamba

Pambuyo amasulidwe mtanda loyamba firiji mbewu "Gazoaparat" sikunalekere pamenepo. Akatswiri a ogwira anali kukulitsa anamasulidwa kupanga bwino unit. firiji Izi linakhalanso "North", ndi buku zothandiza 65 malita chipinda. Onse zitsanzo za refrigerators akupangidwa ku mbewu "Gazoaparat" ndi magetsi magetsi.

Ulendo ku kamangidwe ka zipangizo zimene zingathe kusunga chakudya, amaona. Icho chinali kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwa ntchito zawo, ndi mafakitale ena ambiri kuyamba kupanga mtundu m'banja refrigerators mayamwidwe. Chotero, Orenburg mu ogula malonda a dziko panali mayunitsi "Orenburg". Velikoluksky mbewu anayamba kupanga refrigerators "Frost" ndipo Penza - zipangizo "Penza". zopangidwa onse awa a refrigerators Soviet mu ankafuna wamkulu mwa anthu ndiponso kukhala ogwira okhulupirika chakudya ambiri a dziko.

Mark "Crystal"

Langwiro kwambiri mayamwidwe refrigerators opangidwa ku makilomita makumi atatu kuchokera mumzinda wa Kiev, pa mwapadera anamanga Mwaichi Vassilkovskaya mbewu. The ogwira inamangidwa mu 1954 kwathunthu lolunjika pa kupanga zipangizo za mtundu "Crystal".

Pa chomera malo kofunika kupanga pafupifupi mbali zonse refrigerators limapereka. Zinayenda msonkhano wa zitsulo, komanso kupanga labala thovu, polystyrene ndi pulasitiki katundu. Panali mu fakitare ndi msonkhano malo.

Langwiro kwambiri mayamwidwe refrigerators Soviet Union zinali ndi ubwino komanso kuipa. Ogula zigwirizane ntchito zawo wachete, limodzi ndi kusapezeka pafupifupi Phokoso ndi kuthekera ntchito monga gwero mphamvu, osati magetsi komanso gasi. Koma panali pa refrigerators amenewa ndi kuipa. Pakati pawo - chinawonjezeka mowa mphamvu, komanso ntchito zonse popanda outages.

"Crystal-9" chizindikiro mu Mipingo ya atumwi wotsiriza fakitale anayamba kupanga refrigerators. Kuchuluka okwana zida zimenezi zinali malita 213 ndipo m'chipinda kuzizira imene kutentha anali anakhalabe pa madigiri -18 - 33 malita.

"Crystal-9" anali zonse kakulidwe wagawo mtundu. Komabe, amathandiza makhalidwe kwambiri kuposa kompresa chipangizo mowa mphamvu.

kulakwa Izi anakonzedwa mu "Crystal-9M" chitsanzo. Soviet Union anagula laisensi ya kampani Swiss "Siberia" kwa kupanga wagawo izi.
The zida zatsopano kwa yozizira chakudya ankadya kwambiri zochepa magetsi anali imodzi angathe kukhala kutentha analakalaka zipinda, ndi dongosolo basi defrost.

Mark "Saratov"

Kuwonjezera mayamwidwe ku Soviet Union m'mafakitale ambiri akhala anapezerapo yopanga refrigerators banja compressors. Imodzi mwa makampani amenewa anali mbewu nambala 306. Poyambirira opangidwa ndege injini. Ndi conveyor firiji ake "Saratov" Ine ndinabwera mu 1951. M'nthawi analankhula za chitsanzo ichi, kuti "cholakwika zogwirizana, koma molimba stitched." makhalidwe akanakhoza kupereka katundu wambiri opangidwa pomanga lamadyerero.

Firiji "Saratov" ali ndi thupi zopangidwa ndi zitsulo. makina onga TACHIMATA ndi enamel woyera. Internal alumali mufiriji evaporator ndi anakhomerera kuchokera zosapanga dzimbiri. The kupezera ntchito firiji chromium.

The zitsanzo woyamba mwa zipangizozi ndi umodzi chipinda ndi buku la malita 85. Matenthedwe kutchinjiriza msonkhano chaperekedwa ntchito magalasi kapena mchere ubweya. Chinachake ina, fakitare anayamba kutulutsa firiji, ntchito ikuchitika pa Freon otetezeka thanzi la munthu.

Refrigeration "Saratov" mayunitsi apambananso osati mwa ogula la Soviet Union. chomera mankhwala zimagulitsidwa m'mayiko makumi atatu a dziko, kuphatikizapo Germany anali France, Italy, Belgium, England ndi ena. Masiku ano, zaka Soviet refrigerators wa mtundu uwu ndi chitsanzo chenicheni cha luso lolingana chiphiphiritso cha nthawi, amalimbikitsidwa 'kumanga kwa mibadwo. "

Best kompresa wagawo

Nthano ina mwa zipangizo Soviet kuzirala anali firiji ZIL. Limeneli liyenera psinjika, kuŵeta ndi bungwe mu 1949-1951 gg. pa Moscow galimoto Bzalani.

The zitsanzo loyamba refrigerators yapangidwa mamangidwe amasinthira. Iwo ankatchedwa "ZIS-Moscow". Chitsanzo choyamba firiji anali ndi buku la 165 L.

Patangotha chaka, gulu la zokambirana kuti yopanga zipangizo zoweta banja kuzirala adaona kuwala chitukuko cha mtanda koyamba mayunitsi 300. Awa anali woyamba psinjika refrigerators, adali ndi mphamvu yokwanira kwa ogula.

Fakitale anapitiriza kukula mofulumira. Mu nthawi yochepa ndi ogula malonda akhala inakhazikitsa, ndi zitsanzo zina za firiji lodziwika bwino. Choncho, mu 1960, unyolo ritelo analowa unit "ZIL Moscow" Kx-240. buku ake anasiya yozizira chipinda 240 L, ndi mufiriji chipinda - 29 malita. Latsopano firiji "ZIL Moscow" anapereka ogula luso kuika mankhwala pa mapanelo mkati pakhomo.

Mu 1969, latsopano zoweta firiji amakona anayi mawonekedwe. Anakhala chitsanzo wagawo ZIL 62 SH-240. firiji amenewa zosavuta zikugwirizana muyezo mkati khitchini. Komanso, okonza ntchito koyamba chisindikizo maginito kunyumba kwake. Zimenezi zinathandiza kuti ntchito ya firiji m'madera osati ndi zolimbitsa, komanso m'madera otentha.

Minsk chipangizo wopanga

Malinga ndi Maonekedwe a Bungwe la nduna za Byelorussian SSR, ndi August 1959 wayamba pokonzekera chilengedwe za magetsi refrigerating zoweta zida fakitale mpweya. Yopanga anali mu Minsk. Anakhala maziko mapulogalamu panopa "Atlas".

The firiji woyamba "Minsk-1" anabwera pa msonkhano mzere mu 1962. Inali psinjika wagawo mu buku la malita 140. chipinda ake kuzizira anali 18,5 malita. Pansi pa chipinda cha okonza ndi firiji tazikonzeratu ziwiya ziwiri, amene anafuna masamba ndi zipatso. The zitsanzo zoyambirira ophatikizidwa. Iwo anamasulidwa yomweyo kuchokera pamwamba. Komanso, nduna kumanzere envisaged zopangidwa ndi mbale.

Popeza 1964, izo zinayamba kupanga aggregates wa chitsanzo chachiwiri. Firiji "Minsk-2" wakhala alibe nazo ntchito. Kenako tinayamba kutulutsa zitsanzo mibadwo wachitatu ndi wachinayi. Iwo ankasiyana akalambula awo kuti akhale wautali ndi kuchepera.

Pansi chilolezo ku kampani French atamasulidwa firiji "Minsk-5." maalumali wake anali zochotseka kukhazikitsidwa kutalika, ndipo amakhala ngo wapadera kwa khomo kutsegula. chitsanzo ichi chinali chiyambi cha "Minsk-6" bwino ndi kugwirizanitsa refrigerators.

Koma mayunitsi yotchuka kwambiri ya sewerolo Chibelarusi zitsulo akadali awiri chipinda. Izi chitsanzo cha "Minsk 15" ndi zosintha zosiyanasiyana. Choyamba momwemo monga matenthedwe chimateteza zakuthupi wakhala ntchito polyurethane thovu.

Kupanga "madzi oundana" a mbewu

Kuyambira 1962 anayamba kupanga refrigerators ndi fakitale anatsegula mu mzinda wa Smolensk. Iwo anali psinjika refrigerators, buku limene kwa Mipingo ya m'zaka yotsiliza kodi musalumphe malita zana ndi makumi awiri. mayunitsi yaying'ono ali wotchuka kwambiri pakati pa anthu a dziko lathu, ngakhale kuti panali limodzi chipinda ndipo anali ndi kapangidwe mwachilungamo wophweka mizere okhwima molunjika. Zipolopolo firiji "Smolensk" zinali za pulasitiki, woyera kapena yamkaka mtundu, ndi kasamalidwe zinachitikadi pogwiritsa makina.

Kuyambira mu 1964 mpaka 1999 kampani katswiri ndipo linatulutsa zitsanzo khumi za magetsi banja, buku okwana amene analipo mayunitsi oposa mamiliyoni asanu.

Krasnoyarsk bwino chomera

Ambiri okalamba anthu bwino Soviet firiji "Biryusa". zotsatira wakhala anapezerapo mu 1963. Izi zinachitika kukhazikitsidwa ndi boma mlandu dziko kukhazikitsa ulimi wa refrigerators pa fakitale "Krasmash".

Pambuyo amasulidwe kampani pa mayunitsi zonse mphamvu adayamba kuwonekera ogula malonda kuchuluka kwa 150 zikwi. Per chaka. Koma iwo ali otchuka mu USSR, kuti panali kufunika kuwonjezera linanena bungwe lawo. Kale mu 1967, mbewu anali ndi mphamvu, imene ikuchitika 350 zikwi. Refrigerators pachaka.

Mu 70s oyambirira, kampani wakhazikitsa kumasulidwa compressors, ndi bwino makhalidwe ntchito. Mu 1982 chomera chikondwerero amasulidwe unit 10 miliyoni.

Muromsky wopanga

Soviet firiji "Oka" linatulutsidwa pa misika ya dziko likadali mu makumi asanu Mu zaka zapitazo. mankhwala amenewa amapangidwa Murom Machine Nyumba Bzalani, ntchito ena a nyumba ndi kwa tsiku.

Chitsanzo choyamba cha "Oka" refrigerators awiri chipinda ali ndi miyeso muyezo. Chotero chipangizo ndi loyenereradi banja la anthu 4-5. Kalembedwe refrigerators awa anali okhwima zokwanira. The nyumba ali ngodya lakuthwa, kutalika kwake si upambana 150 masentimita Refrigerating chipinda envisaged zochotseka maalumali Grill mtundu.. Pa pansi anaiika muli zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba. Buku okwana chitsanzo choyamba chinali 300 L. Mphamvu mowa - 50 KW / h pa mwezi.

Defrosting wa firiji anali Buku, ndi ntchito yake limodzi ndi phokoso m'malo mokweza.

Aggregates "Absheron"

Woyamba kwambiri kupanga mzere wa mbewu Bashkir anayamba kutsika aang'ono mu refrigerators. kusiyana yaikulu ndi yayikulu nyengo kalasi. Pa nkhani imeneyi, firiji "Absheron" anali mu ankafuna osati Soviet Union, komanso m'mayiko ena. wokondwa wake kugula mayiko American ndi African Latin.

Bashkirsky firiji zopangwidwa kuchokera ku zipangizo cholimba. Mwachitsanzo, chifukwa zitsulo casing anatengedwa kuphimba ndi wapadera kapangidwe odana zikuwononga.
Mwa zolakwa za zitsanzo izi akhoza kuwasiyanitsa buku ka mufiriji, umene unali wovuta kwambiri makamu.

Mu 80s, kampani anayamba kupanga zitsanzo chonse wapawiri chipinda. buku awo anafika malita 300. mayunitsi amenewa yodziwika ndi mphamvu mkulu kuzirala.

Ambiri, refrigerators kumasulidwa ndondomeko ku Soviet Union akhoza kukhala bwino anafotokoza.