Bakhchisaray zakale ndi chikhalidwe Reserve - pakati pa phunziro la mbiri ndi chikhalidwe cha South-Western Crimea

Bakhchisaray mbiri, chikhalidwe ndi pofukula owonetsera zakale Ndi malo a kafukufuku ndi chitetezo cha cholowa mbiri yakale ndiponso zachikhalidwe cha Crimea Chitata ndi anthu ena m'mbuyomu tikukhala mu South-Western Crimea.

Ulamuliro wa mabungwe Republican mitundu itatu ya zipilala: mizinda phanga ndi mchitidwe umenewu, komanso maofesi ofukula zinthu zakale. Pankhaniyi, woyamba ndi wapadera kwathunthu gulu kuti kunja Bakhchisaray m'chigawo siichitanso palibe analogues mu Russia.

Bakhchisaray zakale ndi chikhalidwe Reserve - waukulu pakati pa Crimea chilumba alendo, kuno chaka alendo pafupifupi 200 zikwi ..

Museum of History ndi Culture a Crimea Chitata

Izi owonetsera zakale - dongosolo malo a phata la. zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho The imakonzedwa mu kukhudzana mu Khan Palace. Iwo lagawidwa m'magawo awiri: ethnography ndi mbiri. Museum Contemporary makamaka za padzuwa ntchito mu Khan Palace, ndipo akupitiriza kufufuza moyo wa Crimea Chitata.

Chikumbutso Museum wa Ismail Gasprinsky

Iwo ali odzipereka kwa odziwika Crimea Chitata anthu chithunzi I.Gasprinskiy ndipo analengedwa mu nyumba zakale yosindikiza. Ndi apa kuti mabuku nyuzipepala "Translator Terdzhiman" mu Turkic lolembedwa I.Gasprinskiy. Mu nyumbayi mukhoza kuona photos, zikalata, ndi mphoto odziwika bwino chithunzi.

Art Museum

Anatsegula mu 1996, mozama m'bwalo Khan a. The lofunika kwambiri pakati zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho ndi ntchito za wotchuka ojambula zithunzi zoweta ndi achilendo zaka 18-19. M'nyumbayi komanso akuonetsa mndandanda wa zojambula ndi amisiri, moyo ndi ntchito yolenga limene likugwirizana Bakhchisarai.

M'zaka zaposachedwapa, m'nyumbayi anapatsidwa ntchito oposa mazana awiri ndi amisiri ano.

Museum of Archaeology ndi mizinda phanga

Ichi ndi malo dera, kumene archeological kafukufuku wa zipilala wakale wa gawo kum'mwera kumadzulo kwa Crimea chilumba.

M'nyumbayi ali m'madipatimenti awiri: Dipatimenti ya Archaeology ndi mizinda phanga. ntchito ndodo Cholinga chake pogwira zofukulidwa kufufuza zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho latsopano, chikhalidwe cholowa chitetezo malo.

Khan yachifumu mu Bakhchisaray

Mu ulamuliro wa khans-Gerau ndi Bakhchisarai wakhala malo aakulu chikhalidwe ndi ndale pachilumbachi. Mu kamangidwe wa Khan la nyumba yachifumu ya mapulani ndayesera kubweretsa moyo lingaliro la m'munda wa Edeni: zipinda otchuka, atachuluka maluwa munda mipando, kasupe wa madzi oyera.

Khan yachifumu mu Bakhchisarai anayambitsa Khan Sahib Ine Giray. Ntchito yomanga nyumba yachifumu unakhala kuchokera 1532 ndi 1551. Komanso, aliyense Khan latsopano angwiro yomanga akonzenso nyumba zakale ndi kuwonjezera atsopano. Mu 1736, nyumba Khan anali chitapsya pa nkhondo ndi Russia. khans Selyamet a Crimea Giray Giray ndi nthawi yaitali kuti abwezeretse izo. Pambuyo Crimea chilumba linali gawo la Russia, mu Khan Palace ntchito ya unduna Internal.

M'nyumbayi chinamasulidwa mu chipinda chino mu 1908. kukonzanso nyumba ndi kupita lero.

Apa mutha kuona mpanda nyumba yachifumu, harem kusamba. Kuliganizira ndi Chimphamba Tower ndi Mosque Bink Khan-Jami. Palinso manda Gera. Kukwapula kukongola kwa Golden Kasupe ndi kasupe ndakatulo misozi. Malo wakale wa nyumba - zipata Aleviz.

Calais

Calais - nyumba yogonamo ya khans Crimea kuti ntchito yomanga nyumba ya Khan a. mzinda kuno angaloŵe, kutetezedwa ndi miyala ndipo malinga inamangidwa. M'zaka za m'ma 13 Alans anakhalapo kuno. Pambuyo kulanda a dera la Golden gulu Chitata asilikali ili Kirk Kapena.

Khan Haji Giray m'zaka 15 anapanga likulu lawo pano, ndipo pambuyo posamutsa kuti Bakhchisarai linga citadel anapanga.

M'nthawi ya 17 ya Chitata asiya malo amenewa kenako kuthetsedwa Karaites. mzinda analandira dzina la Calais. Iwo akhala ndi moyo m'phanga mzinda kwa zaka 200. Pamene Crimea anagwirizana Russia, Karaites anayamba kusamukira m'mizinda ikuluikulu. Anthu otsiriza Sudzasiyidwa pano m'zaka 19 mochedwa.

Mozambik

Bakhchisaray zakale ndi chikhalidwe Reserve zikuphatikizapo zina zikuluzikulu mizinda phanga Bakhchsarai Malo:

• Mangup-Kale, Bakhchisaray - kumzinda waukulu wakale Crimea. BC m'dera lino moyo zopangidwa. Mu Middle Ages panali mzinda Theodoro, likulu la ukulu. Iye anali kutetezedwa matenda adani zinthu, choncho kwa nthawi yaitali palibe munthu anakhoza kudzawatenga. Komabe, ena akutali anali kutetezedwa osati zabwino, choncho mbali ya ukulu wa adakwanitsa kupambana ndi Chitata. Mu 13 m'ma Mangupsky ukulu, ngakhale atafa imodzi ya gawo lawo, kuti apitiriza kukhala boma amphamvu. Mu 1475 miyezi Mangup mkati asanu anazinga anthu a ku Turkey. Only njala ndi matenda yokakamiza anthu kuti adzipereke. mzindawo unawotchedwa, ndipo Nyumbayi ndi yekhayo ena nthawi anamanganso anthu a ku Turkey. Anthu otsiriza Sudzasiyidwa pano pambuyo Crimea anakhala gawo la Russia.
• Eski-Kermen, p. Red Poppy linakhazikitsidwa m'zaka za m'ma 6 Asikuti-Sarmatian. Mu miyala anali losema nsanja casemates. Komanso, ngati kuzinga unadulidwa bwino pa kiyubiki mamita 70. mamita wa madzi. The otsetsereka a m'tawuni phanga kwenikweni chosema ndi mapanga. Palimodzi pali 350. Iwo ali makamaka ntchito m'zaka 12-13. Iwo anakhazikitsa bungwe zokambirana ndi wineries, anali ng'ombe. pamzinda madzi yake okwanira, mapaipi zopangidwa mbiya. Mu 1299, anamuwotcha Nogai. More mzinda sanabwezeredwe.
• Tepe-Kermen, Bakhchisarai - mzinda pafupifupi angaloŵe ku mbali kum'mwera kumadzulo. Plateau malo ndi laling'ono, koma lili 250 opangidwa mapanga. Zina mwa zimenezi ndi kumene kumakhala Amonke maofesi. Tepe-Kermen unatha kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 14, popeza anawonongedwa ndi asilikali Tamerlane a.
• Kachi-Kalon, p. Preduschelnoe ili pa malo miyala pa magombe a mtsinje Kachi. Mu Middle Ages kuti munali ndi kuthetsa akumidzi. analenga zinali zochokera awiri omasuka grotto achilengedwe. M'zaka za m'ma 9 mu grotto lalikulu masika idamangidwa ena obisika, yomwe kenako anawononga Chitata asilikaliwa.

Bakhchisaray zakale ndi chikhalidwe Reserve - chidwi kwambiri kukopa kwa Crimea. Pano mukhoza kuphunzira mbiri ya Crimea chilumba, Scott mu chikhalidwe cha nthawi, kukaona wakale phanga mzinda.

Kuchokera pamwamba pa zitunda zazitali ndi limatithandiza zabwino kwambiri za Bakhchisaraj, formations thanthwe ndi nkhalango. Kukawona zinthu zimene m'gulu la Bakhchisaray zakale ndi chikhalidwe Reserve mosasintha chaka chilichonse ambiri otchuka pakati alendo.