Anthu otchuka, "Bezhin Meadow": ana osauka

NTHAWI ya Turgenev yokhudzana ndi zikhulupiliro za ana osauka, omwe ndi anthu otchuka kwambiri m'nkhani yakuti "Bezhin Meadow", inafotokozedwa koyamba mu nyuzipepala ya N. A. Nekrasov "Contemporary" mu 1851.

Wosaka Wotayika

Podziwa kuti wataya njira yoyenera, nyonga yathu idapitilira usiku, yomwe inatsikira padziko lapansi onunkhira, kutentha ndi mdima. Mwadzidzidzi adawona nyali ziwiri zazing'ono patali, ndipo mwamsanga anapita ku kuwala kwawo, kwa anthu. Izi zinakhala anyamata achimuna, omwe adaloledwa kukwera mahatchi usiku. Ndiwo otchulidwa m'nkhaniyi "Bezhin Meadow".

Ndi moto

Pansi panali mdima wandiweyani. Wosaka ankakhala pansi pansi pa chitsamba. Anawo, ndipo panali asanu mwa iwo, adaganiza kuti adatha, ndipo anayamba kukambirana mosemphana. Padakali pano, msilikali wathu wayang'ana mwachidule kwa aliyense. Fedya, 14, Pavlusha ndi Ilyusha, ali ndi zaka 12, Kostya ali ndi zaka 10, ndipo wamng'ono kwambiri, yemwe amawoneka ngati wazaka zisanu ndi ziwiri, Vanyusha, ndi omwe ali ofunika kwambiri. Mtsinje wa Bezhin, komwe iwo ankadyera mahatchi, anali pafupi ndi mtsinje ndipo kutali kwambiri ndi nyumba ya hunta.

Fedya ndi Pavlusha

Fedya ndi mnyamata wakale kwambiri, wamtambo ndi wokongola, ndi tsitsi lofiira lofiira ndi maso owala, akukula momveka bwino m'banja lolemera. Zovala zake zinali zokongola komanso zatsopano, ndipo nsapato zake zinali za iye mwini, osati bambo ake. Anapita usiku kuti azisangalala. Udindo wake unayenera kukhalabe kwambiri. Pavlusha, ndi tsitsi lopunduka ndi maso a imvi, anali ndi masewera komanso osowa. Nkhope yake yodalirika inali yochenjera, ndipo mawu ake adawoneka ofunika kwambiri. Iye sakanakhoza kudzitama ndi zovala, koma ichi sichinali chinthu chachikulu mwa iye.

Ndicho chimene anthu oyambirira amawoneka ngati. Mphepete mwa Bezhin, momwe iwo analiri, usiku unakhala wozizwitsa. Ntchito yapadera mu nkhaniyi idzawonetsedwa ndi Pavlusha. Anyamata ena anayi (iwo ndiwonso omwe ali ofunika kwambiri, "Mtsinje wa Bezhin") I. Turgenev sichimveka bwino monga Pavlusha.

Ilyusha, Kostya ndi Vanya

Ilyusha anali ndi nkhope yaying'ono, nthawi zonse ankawombera pamoto ndi kutenga chipewa pamutu wake wofiirira. Iye anali atavala mwatcheru mu nsapato zatsopano zatsopano ndi mwala wamagazi ndi mpukutu wakuda. Kostya, wokhumudwa ndi wonda, ankawoneka ngati akufuna kunena chinachake, koma zikuwoneka kuti analibe mawu okwanira. Vanya, atagona pansi ndipo ataphimbidwa ndi mutu wopindika, pakadutsa nthawi ina, anali mnyamata wachifundo ndi wachifundo. Ndiwo onse otchulidwa kwambiri. Bezhin meadow ogwirizana anyamata osiyana usiku uno. Onse ankakonda kumva nkhani zoopsya zimene Ilyusha adanena kwambiri. Anthu otchuka kwambiri (Bezhin Meadow) a Turgenev ndi ana omwe alibe mafananidwe. Tsopano tidzakambirana zambiri mwa iwo.

Anthu otchuka ("Bezhin Meadow"), makhalidwe awo

Fedya - udindowu umamukakamiza kuti azikhala pang'ono ndipo ndikofunika kuti asayambe kulemekeza. Iye amayesa kukhala ndi mawonekedwe okondweretsa poyanjana ndi anyamata onse.

Pavlusha - wooneka bwino kwambiri kwa anyamata onse, ngakhale kuti ndi wonyansa. Nkhani zoopsa, zomwe aliyense akuzizira, akutsanulira kuchokera kwa iye. Pavlusha akhoza kunena zambirimbiri zosawerengeka. Ndi yekhayo amene anamva momwe amachitira usiku usiku, kukonzanso zinthu usiku usiku mu mphero yakale ya pepala. Chochititsa chidwi, akufotokozera omwe alipo kuti n'kosatheka kuona brownie. Usiku wamdima, nkhani zake zimakhala zowona. Pavlusha yekha sachita mantha. Pamene zinamuwoneka kuti mimbulu ija ikuukira gululi, iye adathamanga pa akavalo, agalu anawuluka pambuyo pake, ndipo iye yekha anawoneka. Atabwerera, akunena kuti panalibe mimbulu, mwatsoka, aliyense adadabwa ndi kulimba mtima kwake ndi kutsimikiza kwake. Osachepera wolimba mtima, adapita ku mtsinje kukatunga madzi. Aliyense anali ndi mantha kuti akhoza kukokedwa ndi madzi. Koma Pavlusha adabwerera, ngati kuti palibe chomwe chinachitika, kubweretsa madzi. Makhalidwe ake onse amasonyeza owerenga ali mnyamata wanzeru ali ndi khalidwe lamphamvu. Pamapeto pake, wolembayo akuti Pavlusha anamwalira chaka chomwecho. Iye anagwa kuchokera pa kavalo ndipo anagwera mpaka kufa.

Zizindikiro za Ilyusha

Ilyusha ndi zaka zofanana ndi Pavel, amadziwanso bwino zikhulupiliro za m'deralo, koma amawawuza ndi mawu osauka, ofooka. Nkhani ya Ilyusha ya munthu wouma imatenganso malingaliro a anyamatawo, ndipo amamvetsera ndi chidwi chosavuta, chifukwa mbiri yakale ikukhala mawonekedwe a anthu omwe amatha kulankhula chinenero cha anthu. Ilyusha ndi wokondwa kufotokoza nkhani yonena za munthu wakufa wakufayo yemwe usiku amafunafuna udzu. Akudabwa kufunsa za nkhaniyi komanso mwachidziwikire, pamene mungathe kuona akufa. Iye amadziwa ngakhale momwe angadziwire yemwe angamwalire chaka chino. Aliyense akudabwa. Kwenikweni, Ilya, mosiyana ndi ana onse, akugwira kale ntchito ndi mbale wake ku fakitale. Izi zimapangitsa kuti azilemekeza ana komanso kudziwa kwake kwakukulu. Awa ndi anthu otchuka (Bezhin Meadow) a Turgenev.

Kostya ndi Vanya

Kostya ndi mwana wofooka komanso wochepetsetsa, ngakhale wowawa, ndi mau ochepa, akuwuza nkhani yachisomo chimene anamva kwa atate ake. Mmisiri wamatabwa wochokera kumalo a Gavrila anasamukira ku nkhalango, ndipo anakumana ndi zodabwitsa zodabwitsa. Chisomo chokhala ndi tsitsi la siliva ndi tsitsi lobiriwira chikugwera pa nthambi ndikumuitana iye. Gavrila ankafunitsitsa kubwera kwa iye, ndipo anadziyika yekha mtanda. Ndipo dzanja linali lolemetsa, silinadzuka. Chisangalalo chachisoni chidakhumudwitsidwa ndipo anauzidwa Gavrila kuti nthawizonse adzakhala wodandaula, ndipo satha. Choncho Gavrila nthawizonse amamva chisoni. Koma kawirikawiri Kostya ndi wamantha. Iye sakanakhala ndi mantha, monga Paulo, kuti athamangitse mimbuluyo, ndipo kufuula kwa mitsinje pa mtsinje kunamuwopsyeza iye.

Wamng'ono kwambiri komanso wosadziwika ndi Vanya wonyezimira. Iye anagona usiku wonse osadzuka, kotero kuti wolembayo sanamuwone poyamba. Akuti, pang'onopang'ono, ndi mawu achibwana. Amangomvetsera amzawo achikulire, koma salankhula chilichonse. Pamene wapatsidwa mphatso, iye, mnyamata wokoma mtima ndi wachikondi, akupempha kuti apereke kwa mlongo wake, chifukwa Anyuta ndi msungwana wabwino.

Izi zimatanthauzira olemba onse a nkhaniyi "Mzinda wa Bezhin." Chikhalidwecho chimatiwonetsera kukongola kwauzimu kwa ana ndi zofooka zawo. I. Turgenev, mwinamwake woyamba mwa olemba a ku Russia, amene anafotokoza momveka bwino za mutu wa maphunziro a maganizo a ana.