Ang'onoang'ono ufumu wa Russia wakale

Ang'onoang'ono ufumu - siteji imene ake zachuma ndi chitukuko ndale ndi boma nthawi feudalism oyambirira. Mu Russia, nthawi imeneyi unagwa pa zaka IX-XI.

Pa mutu wa boma anali Grand Prince wa Kiev (mfumu). Utsogoleli wa dziko anamuthandiza Boyar Duma - bungwe wapadera, zimene zinaphatikizapo oimira akalonga wamng'ono ndi otchuka mafuko (boyars, zigawenga). Ang'onoang'ono ufumu - nthawi pamene mphamvu kalonga anali akadali osati mphamvu zopanda malire ndi cholowa. Mugone ang'onoang'ono kuti si anapanga kwathunthu, panalibe dongosolo bwino ndi utsogoleri wolowezana wa utumiki, panali njakata timakhala dziko, alibe koma molimba dongosolo yokumba ang'onoang'ono osauka a.

Dongosolo la ndale la Kievan Lazaro makamaka anatsimikiza ndi mbali zotsatirazi. M'mayiko ena anali m'manja mwa mkulu wa mabanja Kiev - akalonga kapena posadniks. Yofunika kwambiri posankha nawo sewerolo ndiponso kalonga retinue. zikuchokera ake mkulu pafupifupi chinachitikira pamodzi Boyar Duma. Junior vigilantes mu yamtendere anachita olamulira monga Hana, ndipo panthawi ya nkhondo nawo nkhondoyo. Prince zinakambirana nawo kunkhondo zambiri kusonkhanitsa msonkho.

vigilantes Senior mu magawo oyambirira anali ndi ufulu kusonkhanitsa msonkho m'madera ena, moti pomalizira inasanduka nzika (patrimonial).

Anthu onse a Old Russian State adzakhala lamulo msonkho kwa dongosolo, amene anali maziko a zachuma, chifukwa panali chinachake ang'onoang'ono mafumu. Collection a msonkho wotchedwa polyudye. Kawirikawiri iye anali limodzi ndi ntchito a milandu ntchito kalonga. Kukula ntchito mokomera boma pa nthawi imeneyo si lokhazikika, koma polamulidwa ndi mwambo. Koma achiyesa kuonjezera kukula kwa msonkho limodzi ndi kukana lotseguka anthu. Mu 945 chifukwa cha ichi, iye anaphedwa Kiev Prince Igor. wamasiye wake Olga kenako anapereka kukula yoikika msonkho ndi zopereka. Unit kwa misonkho anatsimikiza ndi munda ulimi.

Pafupifupi onse msonkho anasonkhana anakhala item katundu. Ake pamadzi zinatumizidwa Constantinople, kumene umasinthanitsidwa golide ndi apamwamba katundu.

Ang'onoang'ono ufumu mu Russia chifukwa cha umwini wa dongosolo. Oyambirira olembedwa malamulo chipilala nthawi imeneyi - "Russian Choonadi". Mbali wamkulu wa iwo akutchedwa "Choonadi Yaroslav" kapena "choonadi wakale." milandu pansi lino malamulo a chilango ndi chabwino mokomera kalonga ndi tsokali. Pakuti milandu yoopsa kwambiri (kuba, anachita kuwotcha dala, kavalo kuba) akhoza kuthi asalandidwe malo onse anachotsedwa dera kapena imfa ufulu.

Kuwonjezera malamulo a boma, ang'onoang'ono ufumu anadalira mpingo. Iwo okhudza gawo mpingo ndalama kalonga ndi milandu amene adamangidwa kachipembedzo mayesero (ufiti, mwano, banja mlandu, komanso mlandu wa anthu wa mpingo). Bungweli wachita yofunika kwambiri pa moyo wa Russia. Mpingo chinathandiza kugwirizana kwa mayiko mu mphamvu centralized ndi kulimbitsa statehood, chitukuko cha chikhalidwe.