ZIL-135 ( "mphepo yamkuntho"): chithunzi ndi luso makhalidwe

The magalimoto woyamba asilikali anali zimasiyana kwambiri zimene analenga lero. Ngakhale pamene Great kukonda dziko lako nkhondo analandira kutchuka wapadera otchedwa Mipikisano cholinga Vans, magalimoto osiyanasiyana ndodo ndi kukonza nyimbo yam'manja.

nkhondo kuti inapita patsogolo chitukuko cha luso lopanga, komanso m'tsogolo anamutengera mlingo wokwererapo ndi changwiro choposa. Pofuna kukwaniritsa zilakolako zonse ndi zosowa za gulu lankhondo, ankafunika magalimoto apadera. Chifukwa chofuna m'madipatimenti asilikali zoyendera monga magalimoto a asilikali, opangidwa mochititsa zosaneneka, ndi kukhala chipangizo kwambiri nthawi iliyonse.

Poyerekeza ndi zitsanzo woyamba zamakono mayendedwe zikuoneka kuti chinachake chapadera ndi zamakono.

ZIL-135 "mphepo yamkuntho"

Zotakasika dongosolo ZIL-135 LM "mphepo yamkuntho" poyambirira linakonzedwa kuti akunde magalimoto oti muli nazo zida ndi mopepuka oti muli nazo zida, mayunitsi yaing'ono oyenda ndi mayunitsi oti muli nazo zida. Monga ntchito ZIL-135 LM, ndilo khalidwe la makina mfundo oyenera ntchito imeneyi.

Mbiri ya chitukuko

Poyamba galimoto anayamba kupanga tsopano ZIL, ndi chitsanzo ZIL-135 A osiyana magalimoto ndi kukhalapo kwa magulu a ndimakokedwe basi. Lachitsanzo 135-TH anapereka kufala hydromechanical ndi magawo asanu kusintha. Poyamba, malowa akufotokozera ndi manufactures mmodzi wa vysokoosnaschennyh bulanchi malangizo ZiL.

Bazi sitingakhoze kuchita GMP amenewa chifukwa chakuti kunalibe makina apadera, pachifukwa ichi kunali koyenera mwamsanga kumanga HIV latsopano. nthawi iyi, galimoto anali okonzeka ndi Buku-liwiro asanu, amene ali wamkulu ntchito ndi YAMZ. Mapulani anali kusinthidwa, chifukwa mu wosinthika magawanidwe phindu. Pakuti yachibadwa ndi zogwirizana ntchito ya HIV ndi powertrain akatswiri anapereka wapawiri-kalacha HIV. Didimo mayunitsi ulamuliro zinalengedwa pa mfundo ili yonse ya kalunzanitsidwe.

M'nyengo yozizira Design Bureau ali bwinobwino chitukuko ndi kukonzanso kwa galimotoyo latsopano. 4 pa March 1963, inali kuperekedwa woyamba ndi makina HIV, galimoto ZIL-135 LM. Chief Mlengi anapanga PhD LP Lysenko. Chifukwa cha kusintha kwa liwiro kufala utachepa pang'ono ndi kukoka, koma m'kupita kwa galimoto anayamba ndalama.

galimotoyo

Chimodzimodzi monga kuloŵedwa m'malo, mu latsopano ZIL-135 LM anaika ziwiri zathunthu injini mafuta. Izi V woboola pakati injini ndi 8 zonenepa chitsanzo Zil-375YA. Mphamvu ya aliyense wa mayunitsi mphamvu anali 180 "kavalo". Pakuti kuzirala bwino m'mbali mwa chipinda ndi radiators awiri anaika mayunitsi mphamvu, mafani amene anawapitikitsa wina wa galimoto lake. awiri thanki oscillator chinali aliyense Motors ya galimoto. ZIL-135 LM - uyu ndiye woyamba asilikali galimoto, pamene dongosolo latsopano kwathunthu poyatsira polima.

Features

Kutetezedwa dongosolo ndi poyatsira kulola ntchito Motors ziwiri zosiyana. Kukachitika kuti wina wa Motors ukulephera, makina sadzatayikiridwa kuyenda. Ngakhale limodzi mphamvu wagawo akulola nkhondowo galimoto maziko popanda kutaya liwiro ndi mtunda. Panalibe chochitika chimodzi kumene galimoto ichi kunali pakubwera kwa m'munsi mothandizidwa ndi tugboats. Izi sizinachitike ngakhale Afghanistan.

Kugwiritsa awiri galimoto

Kugwiritsa machitidwe a injini awiri pa Zil-135 chifukwa cha kusafuna ndi kuonjezera kudalirika kwa anagubuduza katundu. Chifukwa yaikulu inali nthawi ya makina ankhondo mu USSR sanali galimoto imodzi unit mphamvu lidzakhala losiyana ndi mphamvu yochuluka. Ngakhale izi, kudalirika kwenikweni anali kangapo kuposa kuloŵedwa m'malo. The sangathe chachikulu - mlingo mafuta, izo zinali zoopsa. Pankhani imeneyi pali zambiri akuwadzudzula.

otentha Baibulo

wapadera katundu Baibulo la ZIL-135 LMT unakhazikitsidwa mayiko ndi nyengo yofunda. Chachikulu kusiyana pakati pa nthawiyi cha galimoto m'munsi - analimbitsa dongosolo yozizira, komanso mwapadera hermetic zamagetsi. Maonekedwe anasintha, ZIL anali utoto mtundu mchenga. Pamodzi ndi kusintha zonse mu pulogalamuyi nakhala apadera galimotoyo ndi mabatire awiri. Dziwani kuti mabatire anayi amene anaika mu dongosolo gulu. Kusintha kapangidwe ndi yolusa wa chimakwirira mu injini chipinda. Izi kufunika ogwiritsa kwa makina zina kukhazikitsidwa kwa TPM 9T29 mtundu adzapereke.

zinachitika

The zinachitika latsopano akweza opepuka galimotoyo 135 LMP unakhazikitsidwa mu 1972. galimotoyo ili linakonzedwa monga galimoto chilengedwe. Kuloŵedwa m'malo zinachitika imachitika patsogolo absorbers mantha, komanso mkuzamawu wamphamvu kwambiri mabuleki. Anaonekera ndi chotenthetsera watsopano mkati galimoto. Kupititsa patsogolo maphunziro anakhudza maonekedwe, ndi casing latsopano nyumba zida wothandiza. Iye anatengedwa kuchokera kutsogolo kwa kanyumba akalowa. Pambuyo mayeso, tinanyamuka ulamuliro wa mafuta, lomwe kale kuchuluka kwa malita 100 makilomita 100. Pa nthawi yomweyo anatsika mphamvu malo, anali wofanana 520 Km.

Pomaliza

Galimoto zonse zankhondo suti ku mfundo luso view, koma maganizo a sayansi nawo chitukuko cha mitundu yatsopano zinachitika, sanathe ananyalanyaza. Mwachitsanzo, kusinthidwa Zil E-135 anakhaliratu chitsanzo mayeso, ngakhale ntchito bwino. Kuti 135e anali kusinthidwa galimotoyo 135L zofunika makina, zomwe kumapeto anali okonzeka ndi torsion bala kuyimitsidwa pa onse kutsogolo ndi mawilo kumbuyo. Izi galimoto zinali wopanda zolakwa za prototypes m'mbuyomu, koma pa zifukwa zosadziwika, monga pa mndandanda ndipo sanapeze.