Wosewera Lev Krugly: yonena, filmography ndi mfundo zosangalatsa za moyo

Lev Krugly dziko la zisudzo ndi mafilimu a kanema anali ndi khalidwe lovuta ndi mbiri lolimba ndiponso paokha. Mwina ichi chinali chifukwa cha iwo, ambiri anadabwa kuona, chosankha kusiya Soviet Union. Achoke pa pachimake cha ulemerero. Mpaka kalekale.

"Ndinali otsutsa, koma sanakhale dissident," ...

emigration chisankho kukhwima mu zosafunika kwathunthu kwa kunyamuka nthawi ya moyo: chifukwa likulu onse Kenako ananena mwamphamvu zisudzo bwino ndi sachita, otchuka mu filimu anafika onse ogwirizana lonse. Monga anavomereza ndi wosewera yekha, abwenzi anamuyang'ana modabwa. Koma n'zomvetsa kunyansidwa. Iko kunali mumamva kukhala pansi pa nyumba ya "mabungwe" ndi "analowa moyo."

Lev Krugly nthawizonse wakhala otsutsa. Koma iye sanakhale dissident. "Chifukwa sindikukondani anapulumuka misasa" - ngati wosewera wa anauza atolankhani mafunso.

Lev Krugly: yonena

The wosewera tsogolo anabadwa mu 1931 ku Moscow. bambo ake anali wantchito Metrostroi, ndi mayi wake - woyimba. mbiri banja lake lili ndi amaonekera kwa nthawi, ngati mabanja ena ambiri amene zoyembekezeka kukhala nthawi imeneyi.

ubwana

Little tsogolo wosewera Sanathe kumvetsa chifukwa chithunzi cha agogo ake akufotokozedwa chimodzi chokha mosamala chosema mutu. Iye anafunsa mafunso mayi ake, ndipo iye anali kuyesera kuti mwanjira kufotokoza mwana wake chifukwa n'zosatheka kuti munthu anaona chithunzi cha agogo ake a mfumu kapitawo epaulets. Sungani chithunzi cha bambo iye ndikanangokhala kudula nkhope yake.

Mpweya m'banja, makamaka mukopedwe mapangidwe munthu wa Leo Round. Mu March '53, pamene dziko lonse kulirira mtsogoleri adachoka pafupi anamuperekeza makolo ake mwinamwake amanena kuti "imfa". Wotchuka wosewera wa nthawi Zhuravlev, bwenzi banja, malinga kuzipenya wa mkango waung'ono, "anasangalala". maganizo ake anali ndi abambo ndi amake ndi abwenzi ena.

makolo ake aluso, anthu anzeru kwambiri. Mayi anga anali mwayi zokwanira pa nthawi ina tingaphunzire Goldenveiser wotchuka. Atate nkhondo isanayambe, kuti athandize banja lake ankagwira ntchito zamagetsi mu yayenda - anamanga okwerera sitima siteshoni "Dzerzhinsk", kumene chifukwa cha "matope" wapereka malipiro chodziwa kuti ogwira ntchito, nthawi zonse anaika moyo wawo pachiswe. Dulani mu tatikulu, ndinali kugwira ntchito pafupifupi caisson. Koma vuto ndalama zimene anali moyipa kwambiri, atate anali wokondwa zasungidwa.

Lev Krugly kupangidwa mu chikhalidwe cha anthu awa - ndi wosewera.

nkhondo

bambo ake ndi abale atatu akulu anaphedwa pa kutsogolo. achibale bambo ankakhala Kiev. Monga Ayuda, iwo anaphedwa pa ulamuliro wa Nazi.

mavuto

About Lev unawonongedwa Krugly akukumbukira mofanana anzake ambiri. Choyamba - ndi umphawi weniweni wa banja. Zofunika kulandidwa wojambula m'tsogolo si nkhani, koma zaka pambuyo nkhondo anali kwenikweni njala. ana onse atatu m'banja anazolowera zofuna wodzichepetsa ndalama. Malinga ndi Maulendo a chithunzicho m'tsogolo, junior amavala zovala pereshito achikulire. Makamaka suti zinali bwino ndipo palibe mabowo.

Lev Krugly, wosewera: yonena magwiridwe ndi mafilimu. kuyambira

Iye anali ndi mwayi kuphunzira mu "Schepkinskom" School wankulu Vera Nikolaevna Pashennaya. Mu 1953, Leo adapita kufalitsa Khabarovsk Regional Drama Theatre.

Yambani ntchito akuchita udakumbukika kwa nthawi yaitali. Ndiyeno panali zinthu zambiri: bwino za zisudzo ndi filimu mapangidwe monga munthu ndi wosewera ndi, kukwatira, kapena zochepa azilandira moyo. Koma kukumbukira Khabarovsk nthawi ya moyo (1953-1956), Lev Krugly anaona pamaso pake choipa ozizira chipinda ndi maofesi pawekha bwalo, kumene ankakhala ndi mnzakeyo zake zakale, frosts zoopsa ndi mtola mkate, omwe anali m'gulu mindandanda yazakudya wawo. Kuti akonze izi briquette madzi msuzi, izo zimayenera kukhala zabwino kutambasula zala zanu ndi ufa wosalala ndi kuphika. Ngati aliyense, mu msuzi kuwonjezera mbatata ndi mtundu wina wa soseji ndi yotsika mtengo. Ena m'mawa ojambula zithunzi wamng'ono amalola kuti ugule kuchokera kwa amalonda msewu awiri mphwephwa, slimy patty.

M'tsogolo, kugawana kukumbukira ndi atolankhani za moyo wozungulira Lev ake adakumbukira mwatsatanetsatane, amene makamaka zovuta kugunda mu chikumbukiro mnyamata n'zaka. Kamodzi amasankha kugula mapayi atsopano. mitundu lalikulu wogulitsayo monga "mwazisiya" ku chipinda chodyera anavala chovala woyera angatchedwe makonzedwe kwambiri. Chiyero chomwecho chidafundidwa ndi pepala akuphulikira fungo hotcakes yaikulu mtanga. Wogulitsayo yaitali rummaged mkati m'dengu, kutembenuzira ndi kukankha mapayi ndi nyama imene tilibe nayo umboni ndi zala zake wandiweyani. achinyamata anazunguzika kwa kanthawi kuona mmene scurry mwa patties zala zake ndi ukuchoka msomali osalala ndi wakuda mphonje pansi zikhadabo zake. Limafotokoza zonse ndi losavuta: mkazi kuti zivute zitani ankafuna kutsatira malangizo. Pansi pa mulu wa mapayi otentha iye anagona foloko, chimene iye ndisanadye nthawi izo. Kukumba n'ngwokayikitsa ukhondo mu manja a "katundu", iye kuchotsedwa chida, ndipo anapereka makasitomala mapayi, analasidwa ndi mphanda, monga anali kuphunzitsa.

Moscow

Atabwerera wosewera anali mu "Contemporary". Apa iye anakomana chikondi chake, Ammayi Natalia Enke, amene anadzakhala mkazi wake.

Tsogolo apa iye anali yokumana ndi lodziwika bwino wotsogolera A. Efros. msonkhano uwu wakhala Polemeretsedwa kwambiri ndi yonena za wosewera wa. Wozungulira Lev mwa ojambula zithunzi zina kambirimbiri wotsogolera kwambiri choyamba mu Lenin Komsomol Theatre (1964) ndiyeno Malaya Bronnaya Theatre (1967.).

The heyday a katswiri. kutchuka

The heyday a Mkango wa Round wa akuchita, komanso kutchuka kwake chikugwirizana ndi wotsogolera A. Efros. Mu 1965, sewerolo "Marat, Lika ndi Leonidik" kuvala kusewera "Mai Osauka Marat" Arbuzov, iye apambananso ulemu waukulu Moscow. Lev zatenganso mbali izo Leonidika. Ndipo chinali chiyambi cha kutchuka kwake, ndi Moscow anthu.

kanema

Iye anayamba kuchita 1959. Choyamba mwa ntchito zake zinali maudindo mu filimu: "Lullaby". "Patsogolo - kukhota lakuthwa," "phokoso" Tsiku. Ndi chifukwa cha ntchito mafilimu a kanema anali onse Union kutchuka wosewera Lev Krugly, amene filmography zikuphatikizapo pa mafilimu makumi atatu. Pakati wotchuka: "Chachinayi". "Zopempha 713th ankafika", "Ivan da Marya", "Amoyo ndi akufa."

Emigration pachimake cha kutchuka

Pamene wosewera analengeza kusankha banja kupita kudziko lina, ozungulira ankalitenga tsikuli ngati misala. Pa phwando mu Malaya Bronnaya Theatre, unachitikira ku mapeto a kutsanzikana anachitapo, anzake anayang'ana pa iye ndi mantha undisguised. Koma kusankha wachotsedwa kale. Patapita zaka, Lev anafotokoza zimenezi, anasonyeza kwambiri za mwadzidzidzi, m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Iye anaitana Atauka mzimu wa ulendo, chizolowezi umbava ukule, lochitidwa kwa oseketsa ambiri. Iye ananena kuti kwambiri kunyansidwa kudziwika "Gulu" amene "kuyenda mu moyo", kuyesa kulamulira zonse. Iye anawatcha iwo amasamuka "kuthawa." Koma chinthu chachikulu sanali.

Pa ufulu wosankha

Osati wofuna zoona, n'chifukwa waukulu watitumizira banja Round ulendo. Ndiye, mu 1979th, adaleka ufulu. Pakuti ufulu umenewu mu mawonekedwe ake onse. Choyamba, kwa ufulu wawo, osati malinga ndi aliyense wa njira kunja.

Pakuti ufulu wosankha maganizo, ntchito, masewera, kumwa, dziko, chikondi. Ufulu kuzindikira zosangalatsa chimene chimasiyanitsa munthu zonse alipo pa dziko lapansi.

Kwa zosadziwika

Iwo anasiya nyumba zawo, anapereka moyo ndipo moyo ndi, monga Lev Borisovich, anapita "kukakomana ndi losadziwika." Siyani Soviet Union zinali zotheka pa chitupa cha visa chikapezeka Israeli. Aliyense amene anayenda ankatengedwa "kuwapatula". Kwambiri ndichifukwa anatengedwa Ayuda.

Pamene mwana wa banjali chonse, Nikita, analandira kuitanidwa ku usilikali ananena kuti makolo akutsatira kusamuka kwa Israel, afuula kwa iye, anawatcha iwo "Myuda" ndipo adawapitikitsa. Kukonzekera zolembedwa ndi mitundu yonse ya kuyezetsa unatha pafupi zisanu ndi zinayi miyezi. Ndiye iwo anapatsidwa $ 200, ndipo anapita kuzungulira kuti kulanda mfundo Vienna, kenako iwo zimatumizidwa kwa Paris. Iwo analibe chuma - palibe zovala kapena eni. Onse anachoka Moscow. Iwo anali atatu a ife m'dziko la chilendo. Chachinayi - galu, amene anadwala pa msewu, ndipo anali kucheza mankhwala ake onse panthawiyo ndalama zilipo.

mu ukapolo

Banja amakhala ndi kugwira ntchito mu Paris, ku Munich. Lev pa zaka zitatu anatumikira pa wailesi "Ufulu" ndi Woitana. mkazi wake, Natalia, wakale Ammayi Theatre wa Zotengera, "Contemporary" zoyimbira Theatre. Stanislavsky, poyamba kuchita ulimi, anatsogolera ana kanthu bwalo lina la Sande sukulu pa mpingo Russian, ntchito mu nyuzipepala "Russian lingaliro".

Mu Paris Lev chinkhoswe mu kuphunzitsa, nyenyezi mafilimu awiri. Komanso, Round ndi mkazi wake dziko lonse ndi malo a zisudzo awo, analenga kunja. amalowa amayembekezeka mpaka kotala ya atumwi, koma kutchuka wake wakale, munthu iwo akadadziwa kwawo, zisudzo, mwatsoka, sakanakhoza kuyesedwa.

pa kufunika

Mantha amene anali kuchokera nthawi m'nthawi ya chisankho gestation kusiya, amene anandichiritsa. The emigration a zisudzo Russian anali wotchuka kwambiri. Pa "Iron Katani" owonetsera wa Union kunja anali alendo osowa. omvetsera akhafuna kubva Chirasha sadzakhalakonso.

Round pomwepo pa kufika tinaitanidwa osiyanasiyana zisudzo ku Switzerland ndi Austria. Kwa kanthawi iwo anali kuchita kwaulere pa mayunivesite, mu dziko Russian. Kumapeto kwa ulaliki, ndi madona kwambiri analoledwa mu chipewa bwalo - "yowoneka, ndi n'kulembekalembeka, maluwa." Zimenezi kenako Lev amatchedwa "kwambiri zoseketsa."

maulendo kunyumba

Banjalo kawiri anapita Russia. Mu 1993, pa kuyitana kwa Utumiki wa Culture zisudzo anabwera St. Petersburg ndi Moscow. magulu Soviet zinkaperekedwa zisudzo za "Anthu osauka", "Ukwati", "ofatsa." Kachiwiri anabweretsa kusewera "The ophimba zakale" (2003).

"Chinthu chachikulu - kukhala yekha"

M'zaka zaposachedwapa, moyo wa Lev Borisovich mkazi ankakhala pa penshioni ang'ono ndi ndalama zina kwa Mabungwe mu oyang'anira tauni zinayi chipinda nyumba. Mu nyumba zawo anakhala makamaka osamuka: Aluya, negros. Pa kutaya banjali anali ndi galimoto yakale.

Malinga Lev Borisovich, anati inali imodzi mwa zokambirana, umphawi wawo uli osati kusokonezedwa. Chinthu chachikulu kwa munthu aliyense, monga mkazi wake, ndi "kukhala yekha." Lev Krugly anafa ali ndi zaka 79 zakubadwa mu 2010. Zinachitika matenda yaitali yoopsa. Wosewera m'manda ku Paris pa Russian manda a Saint Genevieve de A Bois.

zotsatira

Lev Krugly, kanthawi mbiri ndi filmography cha zimene zili m'nkhani, anali munthu wodziwa kwambiri.

ntchito yake mu bwalo lamasewera:

• "Marat anga osauka" A. N. Arbuzova (1965, Theatre. Lenin Komsomol).
• "Alongo zitatu" ndi Anton Chekhov (1967. Theatre pa Malaya Bronnaya).
• "Wofatsa," "Werengani Nulin" ndi F. M. Dostoevskomu (chikhalidwe pakati pa Chiburetoni).
• "Ukwati" (Meudon chikhalidwe pakati).

Mu Soviet Union kuchokera 1959 mpaka 1979 Lev Krugly anaonekera pa mafilimu makumi atatu:

• "Lullaby".
• "Phokoso" Tsiku.
• "Lives awiri".
• "Patsogolo - kukhota lakuthwa."
• "Pitani mu masiku oyambirira."
• "Lakalekale".
• Munthu amapita dzuwa. "
• "Amoyo ndi akufa."
• "Zopempha 713th ankafika."
• "Mu pochita ntchito zawo."
• "Zakale mazenera kwa sitima."
• "The achinsinsi khoma."
• "Pa tsiku la ukwati."
• "Moyo ndi kukwera Yuras-Bratchikov".
• "Chikondi."
• "Mu ola khumi ndi chitatu wa usiku."
• "Last Tchutchi".
• "Pa njira Lenin."
• "Kuyesera".
• "Posakasaka wa Baskervilles."
• "Marat, Lika ndi Leonidik".
• "Chachinayi."
• "Mawu yochepa ulemu Monsieur de A Moliere Mulungu."
• "Mwezi mu Dziko."
• "Ivan da Marya".
• "Ndipo akuluakulu ena."
• "City m'mawa mpaka pakati pa usiku."
• "Banja Melodrama".
• "A mphatso ya wakuda wamatsenga."
• "Akunja".

Mu France, wosewera ndi nyenyezi mu mafilimu: "mpumulo" (1980) ndi "Tsogolo" (1985).