VGA: wotani chingwe, dalaivala, ndi zithunzi adaputala?

Ambiri owerenga kompyuta lero, foni kapena TV mapanelo anakumana ndi liwu monga VGA. Ndi chiyani icho - dzenje, khadi video, polojekiti, dalaivala, chingwe kapena adaputala? Mwatsoka, ambiri a ife tiri kumvetsa bwino funso limeneli, monga ulamuliro, palibe. Choncho m'pofunika kukhala pa muyezo umenewu mwatsatanetsatane.

VGA: chimene chiri mu tinganene?

Choyamba, mawu ochepa za muyezo. M'lingaliro wodziika VGA sikunatengedwe payokha zigawo zikuluzikulu tatchulazi, ngati yofunika chigawo kanema mtundu mawonekedwe, poyamba anayamba ndi IBM kwa makompyuta awo.

Choncho, kumvetsetsa ndi luso kapena kubwezeretsa chithunzi kutengerapo m'gulu ndi "chitsulo" ndi mbali mapulogalamu, ndi mawonekedwe ukugwirira ntchito mu mogwirizana awo.

Nkhani ya muyezo

Tsopano mawu ochepa za maonekedwe a kanema muyezo VGA. Kodi izo, pang'ono anamvetsa. Kwa nthawi yoyamba luso Video Graphic Zungulirani anadziwana ndi IBM mu 1987 kuti PS / 2 kompyuta.

VGA-kunja adaputala, mosiyana ndi akapolo anzawo akale ndi Amlowam'malo, pakuti apamwamba chithunzi kufala ntchito (ndipo amagwiritsa) mbendera analogi. Koma panjira pali funso bwanji izo anatenga oyamba a muyezo latsopano. Kuti limvetse mokwanila chisankho ayenera amatchula magawo zofunika zipangizo okha.

Features Ofunika

Woyamba ndi imodzi mwa zinthu zazikulu za kusintha kwa muyezo, akatswiri ambiri otchedwa moti poyamba kunali kofunika kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha mawaya mu chingwe chachikulu kungakhale chikugwirizana mayunitsi dongosolo kudzera VGA zithunzi adaputala kwa oyang'anira yoyenera, amene anatha pochitika mitundu kwambiri ndi mithunzi kuposa patsogolo. Pamene izi zimatheka ndi apamwamba kusamvana chithunzi.

The zithunzi VGA adaputala tsopano ali ndi dongosolo limene panali zinthu zotsatirazi:

• zithunzi Mtsogoleri kusinthitsa deta pakati pa CPU ndi kanema kukumbukira zochokera ntchito pang'ono deta;
• DRAM kanema chikumbukiro KB 256, linagawidwa anayi mtundu wosanjikiza;
• deta Akamva serializer VRAM kwa makhalidwe kufala Mtsogoleri;
• am'patse Mtsogoleri kwa akatembenuka deta athandizira ndi mfundo mtundu zochokera phale;
• synchronizer kwa kusintha kulamulira zigawo ndi magawo nthawi ya khadi zithunzi;
• Mtsogoleri cathode-ray chubu kwa kupoletsa chizindikiro kalunzanitsidwe kwa polojekiti ndi.

Zoperekedwa kuti dziko lili VGA-woyendetsa masamba chikalata pazipita 640x480 pixels pa mamilimita ndi kuya mtundu wa ku 32 Tinthu. Kumene, pa nthawi ya maonekedwe a muyezo, izo analidi zisinthe. Koma lero mungapeze chikalata apamwamba kwambiri kuti zimatheka pogwiritsa ntchito njira zamakono yadigito. Koma ngati likukhalira, ngakhale isanatuluke, sakhoza Kuchotsera VGA muyezo zida kompyuta. Kodi zikutanthauza chiyani? Inde, koma chimene cha HIV image, monga tanenera kale, ndi chizindikiro analogi kuti zikhoza kusinthidwa mu ina. Komanso kukula kwa adaputala ali kwambiri yafupika, ndipo akhoza Integrated mwachindunji mu mavabodi, kapena kuwonjezera khadi kanema.

Apa m'pofunika kulabadira kwa chakuti chizindikiro digito ali bandiwifi lonse, ndi kufala kwa oterowo mbendera amagwiritsa ntchito MPEG kabisidwe luso. Ndipo izi, mu zingathandize kuti kufa khalidwe.

VGA-oyang'anira ndi ma TV

Kuyambira kumayambiriro a muyezo zofunika zinayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwachangu, ndi oyang'anira ziwalo, ndipo pambuyo - ndi mapanelo TV kuti mawonekedwe (mwachitsanzo LCD chipangizo).

Today chidule izi kutanthauza zithunzi zonse mode ndi polojekiti, kuphatikizapo amene ali okhoza kuthandiza Maganizo a 640x480 pixels, kaya chigawo hardware. Pa gawo atsopano a chitukuko, iwo amachita ntchito, ngakhale pa nthawi ina anali wotchuka kwambiri.

zithunzi

Pafupifupi onse amakono zithunzi accelerators (zithunzi khadi), kaya Integrated kapena apawokha thandizo modes zofunika anafotokoza mawonekedwe ndi okonzeka ndi zotuluka lolingana (madoko), amene nthawi zina amatchedwanso komanso monga D-Sub.

M'mawu ena, khadi kanema akhale ochepa kanema zotuluka. Ndipo VGA-cholumikizira alipo pa maziko kuvomerezedwa. Zodabwitsa ndizakuti, zolumikizira amenewa amapezeka pa mapanelo kumbuyo atathana mayunitsi m'munsi ndi pa makoma mbali ya Malaputopu.

madalaivala

Ndizosachita kunena kuti palibe zithunzi accelerator sizigwira ntchito pokhapokha yoyenera dalaivala (VGA-woyendetsa m'gulu) kwa iye.

Koma zithunzi ano makadi kukhazikitsa akulodnoleza zimenezi pulogalamu sayenera ku Nawonso achichepere kachitidwe opaleshoni ndipo Linux distributions ku opanga hardware. Komanso, lero ankagwiritsa ntchito zida kasamalidwe, kapena mathamangitsidwe zimene wotchuka kwambiri NVIDIA ndi Radeon makadi.

chakuti VGA-woyendetsa ikugwira bwino, opanga masewera ambiri akhoza kupanga kolowera mu masewera zoikamo 640x480 kanema mode kapena yofanana sanali muyezo. Kwenikweni, zinthu yomweyo zingaoneke pamene kulumikiza kompyuta kapena laputopu kwa lathyathyathya-gulu mkulu-tanthauzo ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito ndi VGA-chingwe (osati ndi yofanana cholumikizira mbali zonse).

Mitundu ya zingwe ndi adaputala azamagetsi

Popeza kugwirizana njira ndi polumikizira chosiyana kanema angapezeke kwambiri ndithu, yekha wokwanira amasiya pa zingwe ndi adaputala azamagetsi amene angagwiritsidwe ntchito kutembenuza fano kufala chiwembu, umene uyenera kuvomerezeka ndi anavomereza, ndi chopatsilira.

Mwachitsanzo, tiyeni tione VGA-chingwe ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kusintha. Mwa chinsinsi (ena kuposa mtundu ochiritsira) akhoza kuwasiyanitsa:

• VGA-DVI (ntchito pa makadi ena kanema kuti mulibe cholumikizira VGA Komabe, ndi kukhala yoyenera modes opaleshoni);
• VGA-HDMI (angagwiritsidwe ntchito kulumikiza kompyuta wamkulu kapena Malaputopu kuti matelevizioni zamakono projectors);
• VGA-RCA kapena VGA- «tulip" (ntchito mogwirizana kachitidwe kamakono kompyuta, osati zokuzira ndi zolumikizira VGA, ndi TV wachikulire kapena kuwunika ndi CRT CRT);
• VGA-HDMI-RCA-mini-Jack (kusintha kaphatikizidwe m'mbuyomo adaputala azamagetsi ziwiri mogwirizana ndi kufala phokoso - kudzera VGA phokoso imafalikira);
• VGA-S-Video (zochepa adamfunsa kugwirizana njira kwa ma TV).

Mfundo zikuluzikulu muyezo cholumikizira, anatchulidwa akadali monga DE15F, mu aliyense wa embodiments ndi 15 pini cholumikizira pa dzanja limodzi, angathe kupatsira chizindikiro zochokera luso interlaced chindodo, mmene kusintha voteji limafanana ndi kusintha kwa kuwala CRT (polojekiti mfuti mtengo mwamphamvu kapena kinescope).

Mwachidule mwachidule ndi mfundo

Ndizo zonse kamvetsedwe VGA. Ndi chiyani icho? Ndipotu, ndi mawonekedwe, osati zigawo zake munthu koyenera kuti uziyenda zolondola. Ndipo zimatheka bwanji kuti zindikirani, iwo alipo mu zipangizo zambiri zamakono kompyuta. Ngakhale ziyembekezo za chitukuko cha umisiri zikuoneka ngati yosokoneza kwambiri, komabe motalikira kwambiri kwa iwo kupereka palibe amene akupita.

Kuyenera ananenanso kuti mfundo imeneyi, ngakhale kuti maonekedwe a otsatira ake maonekedwe a mawonekedwe omwewo Super VGA kapena XGA, Zatsala mmodzi wa otchuka kwambiri ndipo amafuna onse pa dziko lapansi ndiponso mitundu yonse ya zipangizo, kuphatikizapo ma PC, Malaputopu, mapanelo TV, kapena ngakhale mafoni zapamwamba.