TTX AK-47 (Kalashnikov), cholinga, kukula

AK-47 (Kalashnikov mfuti chitsanzo 1947) - zida zankhondo, omwe umaperekedwa ndi asilikali Soviet m'chaka 1949th. Zinakonzedwa 1947 Mihailom Timofeevichem Kalashnikovym, pambuyo amene dzina lake.

mudziwe mwachidule za makina

Nkhondowo AK-47 (komanso kusinthidwa ake onse pa dziko Mabaibulo osiyanasiyana) ndi kutali ambiri ndi otchuka mu ambiri a mayiko. Ndi AK 47 mtundu (kutanthauza kuti iyeyo komanso kwa nyumba ofanana) ndi limodzi mwa magawo asanu a manja yaing'ono padziko lathuli. Zaka pafupifupi makumi asanu chilengedwere za makina, ndi kale anafuula makope oposa mamiliyoni makumi asanu ndi awiri mu mapangidwe zosiyanasiyana.

Panopa za makumi asanu makamu yachilendo ntchito Kalashnikov kumenya mfuti chitsanzo 1947 nduna zida kuphatikiza manja. Mpikisano si American opangidwa kumenya mfuti pansi pa dzina M16. Komabe, woyesedwa mu yaing'ono lonse: makope miliyoni asanu ndi atatu basi. Ndipo makamu 27 okha mu dziko ntchito zidazi.

Akatswiri ambiri amavomereza kuti AK 47 - muyezo wa mmene kukhala angakambe mmikono yaing'ono, komanso kumasonyeza mmene ayenera kukhala odalirika nkhondo. TTX AK 47 angakuuzeni kuti ngati makatiriji zipolopolo ntchito likungosonyeza 7,62, panopa ntchito, Mwachitsanzo, Sniper mfuti Dragunov. The Kalashnikov mfuti chitsanzo 1947 anapanga maziko a chitukuko cha zosintha monga AKM ndi (modernized) ndi AK-74 (nyemba 1974). Komanso, unit ntchito maziko a Kalashnikov mfuti makina ndi mfuti ya "Saiga".

Kodi izo zonse zinayamba

Mu 1943, July 15 kwambiri njira ya Soviet asilikali akambirane. Iwo panafika mwa oimira Bungwe La zaumisiri, wopangidwa mwa Commissariat of Kuteteza Soviet Union. Kenako akatswiri kwa nthawi yoyamba ananena za kufunika kwa kulenga manja latsopano pogwiritsa ntchito mfundo Nawonso achichepere ena. Iwo anapereka analanda German makina, omwe anakhala zinachitika StG 44. Komanso dziwani chinaperekedwa opepuka kudziletsa potsegula carbine US M1 kupanga. Onse mfuti ntchito makatiriji likungosonyeza 7,92 ndi 7,62, motero. Choncho, akatswiri amaika ntchito: kupanga zida zimene adzakhala analogi chomveka wa mpikisano German, koma ntchito likungosonyeza ang'onoang'ono.

Zitsanzo loyamba

Zinalengedwa mu nthawi mwachilungamo yochepa. Ndiye, kuyambira msonkhano unachitikira mwezi umodzi basi. Pilot kupanga makina wakhazikitsidwa yekha mu March 1944. Panali ena maganizo amene achititsa kuti pomanga ntchito makhalidwe a AK-47. Za iwo Tikatero sitingalephere kutchula.

Tikuyankhula zokhudza zochitika za chaka 1943rd. Ndiyeno panali zithunzi choyamba, amene anakonza kuti akuyendera mogwirizana ndi ntchito wapakatikati 7,62 likungosonyeza katiriji. Iwo anagwira ichitikire ndi akatswiri ndi Semin Elizarov. pasadakhale wawo anawatumiza kwa mabungwe amene anali nawo chitukuko cha mitundu yatsopano ya zida. Ndiye iwo anali kokha pafupi 7,62 kuti 41. Komabe, m'kupita kwa ankayendetsa ilo linasinthidwa kuti 7,62 mpaka 39, amenenso bwanji ntchito makhalidwe a AK-47.

SKS ndi Kalashnikov

Mu katiriji wapakatikati m'masiku amenewo, akatswiri anayesa kulenga osati zida basi. Zovuta m'gulu chitukuko cha kudzikonda potsegula ndi autoloading mfuti ndi makina mfuti. Ndiye, anapeza kuti ntchito makhalidwe a AK 47 anali kuti chimathandiza yimitsira a Adani pa mtunda wa mamita osachepera mazana anai. makhalidwe anali zida achilendo amene ntchito mfuti zipolopolo. Koma anali wamphamvu kwambiri, olemera, ndiponso, chotero, mtengo. Pa nthawi yomweyo Chiwerengerochi kuposa magawo yoyenera pafupifupi onse mfuti submachine, ndipo koposa zonse, kunena kusiyana yabwino.

Zotsatira zake zinali zakuti chitukuko cha zida zatsopano ochepa n'zotheka kuti adzathe akonzekeretse gulu lonse lankhondo, kusintha (kwathunthu!) Munthu nkhokwe ya msilikali aliyense atenge. Nthawi imeneyi mulinso zida monga mfuti submachine Shpagin, Mosin mfuti, theka-zodziwikiratu mfuti Tokarev. Ndipo makina mfuti zinamangidwa pa ndondomeko ya machitidwe osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo anthu achilendo.

Mavuto chitukuko ndi kuchotsa kwa ndondomekoyi

Monga tanena kale, ena kuyesetsa umalimbana kukhala magazini carbine. Komabe, mu nthawi yochepa ndondomeko wakhala kutsazikana. Chifukwa cha ichi chinali obsolescence mwina zosiyana ndi malo ake ndi wina watsopano, womwe ndi zenizeni ndi kufunika kwa nthawi zogwirizana. Osati kale anapitiriza, ndi njira, ndipo yopanga SKS. Komanso mwapadera, ndi kale mu makumi asanu oyambirira a atumwi wotsiriza wa ntchito pa chilengedwe chake m'mafakitale ndi anaimitsidwa, ndi mphamvu zipatso ndi adagawanso. zifukwa zinali zophweka: ochepa processability. Pa wamng'ono kwambiri, kwambiri poyerekeza wa makina kumene anayamba. Zotsatirazi anali kumenyana makhalidwe. Nkhani yofanana agona mu nkhani ya makina mfuti Degtyarev. Mu 1961, chaka cha ulimi wake unatha, ndi conveyor anazimitsa kupanga RPK. Zinali ambiri logwirizana chitsanzo.

Mipikisano ndi chitsanzo kusankha

TTX AK 47 anakhala mmodzi wa magawo zofunika kwambiri zokhudza kusankha mtundu wa manja yaing'ono. Koma kodi njira zina ndi zimene mfuti pafupifupi analephera malo m'malo chitukuko mbiri ya Mikhail Kalashnikov?

zotsatira ndi kuperekedwa mu chaka 1944th, iwo anawonetsa kuti yabwino basi pansi pa dzina AC 44. Iwo anayamba kupanga ndi gunsmith Sudaevym. Kenako, pamene chitsanzo ndi kuimaliza kukonza, anaganiza kuti amasule manja yaing'ono kope yaing'ono zochepa. Mu kasupe ndi m'chilimwe cha chaka chamawa mu landfills imachitika mayesero asilikali, komwe kunasonyeza zofooka zina. Ambiri, chonena kuti mfuti ngati njira zogonjetsera mphamvu mdani sanandipeze ndi mlandu. Koma utsogoleri asilikali anaganiza kuti asilikali muyenera pakuti wamkulu sayenda utachepa makina kulemera, kotero akatswiri kupeza yankho umenewu. Komabe, Sudan wakhala atamwalira mwadzidzidzi.

AK 47 mayeso

Search ndi AS 44 zochita unatha, ndipo mu 1946 lamulo mayunitsi asilikali analengeza kugwira wozungulira ina ya mayesero. nthawi iyi, iwo ankachita ndi lodziwika bwino gunsmith Mihail Timofeevich Kalashnikov, amene kale anatha Mokhumbira mu njira yoyenera. Iye anatha kulenga ena chida ziwembu wokongola chidwi. Komanso mwapadera, izo zachitika awiri Kalashnikov submachine mfuti. Chimodzi mwa zida zamphamvu izi zokha pogwiritsa ntchito dongosolo chipata braking. Samozyadny carbine, cholinga Mihailom Timofeevichem, ndi mitolo kudya chubu. Zodabwitsa ndizakuti, iye anali wapamtima mpikisano carbine Simonov, koma mpikisano akadali atayika kwa iye.

Assembly, disassembly ndi zofunika makhalidwe

Tsankho disassembly wa AK 47 ali akuyambira zotsatirazi. Kuyamba ndi shopu patalipatali. Anachotsa ramrod, pensulo nkhani ku mbuyo ya. M'pofunika kokani shutter ndi kutenga ulamuliro mpirawo. Pambuyo pake, bokosi atachotsedwa chipata, anachotsa kubwerera kasupe, shutter limagwirira ndi bawuti yokha. Chinthu chomaliza ndi kusagwirizana mpweya opareshoni limagwirira. kuti n'zosiyana a msonkhano.

AK 47 Mbali akhoza kundiuza kuti makina lakonzedwa chandamale kuwombera pa mtunda osiyana. Zipangizo osiyanasiyana - mamita 800. The pazipita osiyanasiyana chipolopolo - makilomita 3. Likungosonyeza AK 47 - 7,62 millimeters. Liwiro koyamba ndege ya munition anali mamita 715 pa mphindi. AK 47 Poyankha zingasonyeze kuti makina mu akuthamanga kulemedwa 4.8 makilogalamu. The magetsi anali bokosi-mtundu sitolo kwa zipolopolo 30.

Kodi ndindalama AK 47?

Iwo ayenera kumvetsa kuti funso ngati sizolondola. Kugula gunshot Baibulo la makina, ndithudi, zotheka, koma muyenera kumvetsa kuti nkhani iyi ndi kukhumudwa chigawenga. Komabe, ngati mukufuna, mochuluka bwanji ndi AK-47-mtundu sanali woopsa, si nkhani yamasewera. Ndipotu zitsanzo yeniyeni ya zida tsopano anagulitsa m'masitolo kachikumbutso kwa angapo zikwi. Mukhozanso kugula pneumatic AK-47. Ndalama pang'ono zodula - 7-10 zikwi rubles. Komabe, mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito pneumatic AK 47 kuwombera pa mipherezero pa amaphunzirira kuwombera, komanso kusewera airsoft.