Photo ndi yonena za Nabokov. Zilandiridwenso. mfundo zosangalatsa

Vladimir Nabokov - Olemba kwambiri. Komanso, iye anali ndakatulo, zolembalemba, wotsutsa, tizilombo ting'onoting'ono, anamasulira ndi mphunzitsi. Vladimir Nabokov ndi yekhayo m'banja olemba, amene analenga ntchito chinenero (English), komanso wawo. Wambiri ya Nabokov anafotokoza m'nkhani ino.

kalembedwe wake ali wolemera kwambiri, osiyanasiyana, wapadera ndi chidwi. Nabokov a ntchito wotchuka - buku "Lolita", umene anajambula kangapo, komanso "The Luzhin Odziteteza", "Masha", "Mphatso", "Pempho ndi kuwadula". Ntchito zonsezi chidwi m'njira zawo.

bwalo Nabokov ya zinthu

Izo ziyenera kuti uthunthu zofuna za wolembayo anali waukulu kwambiri. Vladimir Nabokov anapanga chopereka chachikulu lepidopterist (Ndime iyi akutchedwa kuipidwa mawu entomology kuphunzira Lepidoptera). mitundu makumi awiri agulugufe anapeza Nabokov. Wambiri, mwachidule tafotokoza, zilibe zikukhudza womdziwa mwatsatanetsatane ndi kukhudzika wake, chifukwa Vladimir Vladimirovich chidwi ife pamwamba pa zonse monga wolemba. Komabe, ndiyenera kunena kuti Vladimir Nabokov ndi woyambitsa wa khumi nkhani za sayansi. Mu zosonkhanitsira wake wa agulugufe, pali makope 4324. Iye anachipereka icho kwa nyumbayi Zoological, m'manja mwa University of Lausanne.

Komanso chiphunzitso cha mabuku Russian ndi dziko yodziwika ndi wolemba monga Vladimir Nabokov, mbiri. Iye m'Chingelezi, "Lay" ndi "Evgeniya Onegina". Komanso, wolemba ankakonda Chess, chimene chinali ndithu lolimba player. Iye lofalitsidwa ena chidwi mavuto Chess.

Origin Nabokov

Wambiri ya Nabokov akuyamba April 10, 1899 - kuti anali pamene iye anabadwa. Iye anabwera kuchokera m'banja lolemera. Bambo wa wolemba m'tsogolo Nabokov Vladimir Dmitrievich, wandale wotchuka. Banja ankasangalala mzilankhulidwe zitatu; mbadwa Russian, komanso French ndi English. Choncho, Vladimir Vladimirovich. Kuyambira ndili mwana anali zinenero zimenezi. Mu mawu ake, Nabokov aphunzira kuwerenga mu English kale Russian.

Childhood, kuphunzira sukulu Tenishev

Kumayambiriro ubwana wolemba tsogolo zapita zambiri ndi chitonthozo kwa nyumba ya makolo ake ili Saint Petersburg, Bolshaya Morskaya. Kunyumba chuma dziko banja, limene linali pansi pa Gatchina (chithunzi pamwamba limasonyeza kuti).

Vladimir Nabokov ikuphunzitsa pa St. Petersburg Tenishev School. Bungwe ili si kale iye anaphunzitsidwa Osip Mandelstam. Entomology ndi mabuku anakhala zinthu zazikulu Vladimir Vladimirovich. Pa ndalama zake atatsala pang'ono kuukira boma, iye anafalitsa mndandanda wa ndakatulo yake.

Emigration, kuphunzitsa Cambridge

Pambuyo ulimi wa 1917 ndi Nabokov banja anasamukira ku Crimea, ndipo kenako mu 1919, anaganiza kusamuka Nabokovs. Iwo anakwanitsa kutenga nawo zina zodzikongoletsera, ndi banja anakhala pa ndalama mu Berlin. Pa nthawi iyi, iye anapitiriza maphunziro ake pa Cambridge Vladimir Vladimirovich Nabokov. yonena wake wa zaka chinali ndi mfundo yakuti iye anapitirizabe kulemba ndakatulo mu Russian ndipo anamasulira ntchito Lewis Carroll a "Alice mu ochititsa chidwi" m'chinenero chawo.

imfa bambo Nabokov a

Mu March 1922 ndi Nabokov banja tsoka zinachitika. mutu wa banja anaphedwa, Vladimir Dmitrievich. chochitika zomvetsa chisoni zinachitika pa nkhani "America ndi kubwezeretsedwa kwa Russia" P. N. Milyukova unachitika mu Berlin Philharmonic. Bambo wa wolemba ataletsa kwakukulu mphukira pa Milyukov, koma anaphedwa ndi mnzake.

Ukwati, nkhani yoyamba ndi buku loyamba

Vladimir Nabokov mu 1922 membala wa kunja kwa Palestina Russian, tikukhala mu Berlin. Ankalandira ndalama moyo yophunzitsa Chingelezi. Mu bungwe ndi kwawo ku Soviet Union mu Berlin yosindikiza nyumba ndi manyuzipepala anayamba kuoneka nkhani ya Nabokov. Chochitika chofunika mu moyo wa wolemba zinachitika mu 1925 - iye anali wokwatira. Iwo wakhala wokondedwa Vera Slonim. Vladimir Vladimirovich anakumana ndi mkazi uyu pa mpira zovala. Chimodzi mwa zifukwa zikuluzikulu kwa zikamera ake monga wolemba moyo wake losangalala. Nabokov a buku loyamba wotchedwa "Masha" anaonekera atangobadwa ukwati wa Mlembi wake.

Ntchito mu Russian

Mpaka 1937, Vladimir Nabokov analemba mabuku asanu ndi atatu Russian. kalembedwe wake mapulani ndi ayamba zovuta, wolemba kuika zatsopano alimbika mtima koposa ndi mawonekedwe. Mu Soviet Russia, osati lofalitsidwa Nabokov mabuku, koma emigration kumadzulo, iwo anali bwino. Masiku ano ntchito izi amaonedwa katswiri ndi zapamwamba za mabuku Russian, makamaka mabuku monga "Mphatso," "The Luzhin Odziteteza" ndi "Pempho ndi kuwadula".

Emigration ku United States, ndi mabuku mu English

Mu 1930s mochedwa, mfundo anathamangitsa ndi akuluakulu a Nazi ku Germany, zinachititsa mofulumira ya Russian kunja kwa Palestina mu Berlin. Kuyambira pamenepo moyo Nabokov ndi mkazi wake, ndiye Myuda mu dziko lino wakhala zosatheka, kotero anasamukira ku Paris. Kenako, pamene nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse itayamba, wolemba anasamuka ku United States. Atapita ku Ulaya, unatha Russian kunja kwa Palestina, Vladimir Vladimirovich. Anasiya Chirasha owerenga. Pakuti Nabokov, njira yokha anali kuyamba kulemba m'Chingelezi. Buku loyamba, analenga chinenero ichi, iye analembera mu Europe, ndisanachoke United States. Njirayi imatchedwa "The Real Moyo wa Sebastian Knight". Ndipo mu 1937 mpaka imfa yake, Vladimir Vladimirovich sanalembe kenanso pa buku Russian. Iye basi anawamasulira kuti "Lolita" mu chinenero, ndipo analemba autobiography mmenemo ( "tsidya linalo").

Mu nthawi kuchokera 1940 mpaka 1958, Vladimir Nabokov, pamene mu America, amapezera moyo wake ndi lecturing ku mayunivesite American. nkhani izi zoyenera mabuku dziko ndi dziko.

Zosangalatsa za Nabokov-mphunzitsi

Ndithu m'maganizo wolemekezeka wolemba Nabokov. yonena lake ndinalandira ambiri mfundo zosangalatsa. Komanso mphunzitsi Nabokov palibe zochepa chidwi. Amadziwika kuti anali wolemekezeka mwa chikhalidwe osaka lecturing. Vladimir Nabokov anauza ophunzira kukhala nthawi zonse mu malo omwewo. Iye mosamalitsa anawaletsa pa nkhani kuthana ndi nkhani zakunja. Vladimir Vladimirovich kuti sadzalowa mayeso. Izi zikhoza kuchitika kokha ndi kupereka kalata zachipatala. Bwinobwino wokonzedwera kwa nkhani zawo zonse Nabokov. Wambiri ndi ntchito za wolemba ina anaphunzira iwo mwatsatanetsatane. Wolemba kuganizira mofatsa zimene adzalankhula. Komabe, ophunzirawo kumverera kuti mphunzitsi kwambiri za mavutowo. Vladimir Vladimirovich nalo lingaliro lake zonse pa nthawi imodzimodziyo ukasintha wosiyana alipidwa. Kwenikweni, amanena za maganizo ake pa ntchito ya Sholokhov, Chekhov, Dostoevsky ndi ena. Nabokov moyo wake wonse iye analema zonse Afilisti, olaula ndi banal.

The woyamba wa Chingelezi buku, "Lolita"

Woyamba mabuku Chingelezi ya Nabokov anali ndi "moyo weniweniwo wa ...", kale tatchulazi, komanso "Bend Woipa Yemwe". ntchito zimenezi, ngakhale kuti phindu lawo luso akaikwera analibe.

Masiku amenewo, Vladimir Vladimirovich kwambiri akuyandikira E. Wilson, komanso ena otsutsa zolembalemba. Iye akupitiriza ntchito entomology pa mlingo akatswiri. Oyendayenda kudutsa United States pa maholide, akugwira ntchito pa chilengedwe cha buku "Lolita" Mlembi, Vladimir Nabokov. Wambiri ndi ntchito ya wolemba, ambiri chidwi chifukwa chakuti iye ndi mlengi wa ntchito. nkhani yake - nkhani ya mmodzi wamphongo wamkulu, amene anasonkha kumulakalaka mtsikana wazaka 12 zakubadwa. Kwa nthawi, nkhaniyi inali Sindingachite chifukwa cha zimene wolemba anali pafupifupi palibe chiyembekezo ngakhale mfundo yakuti buku la imafalitsidwa, osanenapo kuvomereza kwake. Komabe, kupambana pa Nthawi yomweyo. Choyamba "Lolita" anamasulidwa ku Ulaya, ndipo patapita kanthawi - mu America. buku limeneli yomweyo anabweretsa chuma wolemba nkhani za chuma ndi kutchuka lonse. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti ntchito pachiyambi kuti amalembedwa Nabokov, anaonekera mu "Olympia" yosindikiza odious kwambiri. Izi nyumba kusindikiza, yemwe ali mwini wa "Lolita" wakhala anazindikira pambuyo lemba lasindikizidwa, makamaka mwapadera "polupornograficheskih" Kunena ntchito zofanana.

Bwererani ku Europe, mankhwala atsopano

Wambiri ya Nabokov zina amalembedwa Atabwerera ku Europe. Wolemba kuyambira miyoyo 1960 mu Montreux (Switzerland). Anaonekera mabuku ake atsopano, Pakati wotchuka kwambiri ndi "Hell" ndi "wofooka Moto". Wambiri ya Nabokov itha mu 1977. Zinali ndiye kuti wolemba anafa, pamaso zaka 78. "Pachiyambi wa Laura" - Nabokov womaliza buku, amene anatsalira yosatha. Inasindikizidwa mu November 2009 mu Chingerezi. Mu chaka chomwecho amene akufalitsa nyumba "ABC" Chatuluka kumasulira Russian ntchito.

Wambiri ya Nabokov, chidule cha mabuku ake, komanso malemba ntchito zake - zonsezi ndi lero ndi chidwi mafani zambiri za ntchito yake. Vladimir Nabokov - woyambitsa choyambirira ndi luso, anazindikira lonse.