Oziziritsa ischemia madigiri 2 makanda: zizindikiro ndi mankhwala. Oziziritsa ischemia 2 madigiri ana akhanda: zotsatira

Ubongo - ndi chiwalo waukulu mu thupi. Opaleshoni umadalira pa machitidwe a machitidwe onse limba, mmene ambiri ndi khalidwe la moyo. Ndi chitukuko cha pathologies ena a ubongo amayamba akuvutika chifukwa cha kusoŵa mpweya, tingayambe mavuto aakulu. matenda china ischemia oziziritsa mu akhanda madigiri 2, zotsatira zake zingakhale zoopsa ngati simuchita kanthu mwamsanga ndipo anayamba mankhwala. Tiyeni tione zimene kudwala anapatsidwa ndi ndingatani kuchotsa izo.

Lingaliro la ischemia oziziritsa

Osati zonse zili bwino dzina la matenda monga "ischemia oziziritsa madigiri 2 akhanda." Kuti angauze dokotala ndi kusankha njira za chithandizo. kudwala Ichi ndi mkhalidwe umene oziziritsa kusokonezedwa kotunga magazi. Ana wongobadwa, kudwala ichi monga matenda osiyana, matenda infrequently.

Nthawi zambiri, wakhanda anapezeka ndi "ischemic encephalopathy", imene imfa ya maselo a mu ubongo kumachitika chifukwa kotunga osauka magazi, mwachitsanzo kusowa oxygen.

Ngati matenda a "ischemia oziziritsa mu akhanda madigiri 2," mmene tiyenera kuchitira kudwala anatsimikiza ndi dokotala nawo malingana ndi chikhalidwe cha thupi ndi matenda okhudzana.

Zimayambitsa ischemia

kudwala izi akhanda akhoza kukhala zifukwa zingapo:

1. Ngati placental magazi inasokoneza pa gestation.
2. Atabadwa mavuto kupuma unkachitika.
3. Kupuma mavuto syndrome.
4. Kobadwa nako chibayo.
5. mwauchidakwa pafupipafupi kumangidwa kupuma.
6. Kukhumba.
7. Kobadwa nako malformations.

Kaya chifukwa oziziritsa ischemia madigiri 2 akhanda zotsatira zikhoza kukhala zoopsa, ngati inu musayambe mankhwala pa nthawi.

kudwala kwa mwana

Pamodzi ndi magazi m'thupi kunyamulidwa ndi mpweya. N'kofunika kuti uziyenda yachibadwa ziwalo zonse. Ndi wopanda magazi kusokonekera kwa zikuchitika ake mu malo oyamba magazi mpweya kulemera mtima ndi ubongo. Iwo likukhalira kuti machitidwe ena limba ululu chifukwa chosowa chake.

Ngati nthawi alibe kudziwa kuvutika ndi kuthetsa matenda chikwiyire, ndi kusowa kwa mpweya pang'onopang'ono anayamba kukhala kungasokoneze boma la maselo mitsempha - iwo anayamba kufa. Ndipo osauka ischemia oziziritsa mu akhanda madigiri 2, zotsatira zake zimadalira kukula kwa chikhalidwe ndi sanafike msanga madokotala. Kuti madokotala ananena zawo mwanayo nawonso zimadalira chiwerengero cha maselo akufa. Ngati pali magazi mu ubongo, ndiye mwayi wa achire komanso apulumuke kwambiri yafupika.

zinthu kukulitsa

zinthu Concomitant kuti atonthoze chitukuko cha ischemia, angathe kuikidwa m'magulu m'magulu atatu:

1. The otaya ntchito. ukuwonjezeka matenda chiopsezo ngati:

• panali magazi pa gestation mwana kapena pa ntchito;
• dzidzidzi Kaisara gawo;
• malungo amayi;
• kubadwa msanga;
• kuwala kulemera mwana;
• amaona amniotic madzimadzi;
• msanga detachment wa nsengwa ndi;
• mofulumira ntchito.

2. chikhalidwe The mayi zikhoza ischemia mwana, makamaka pamene:

• Mayi tsogolo amadwala matenda a ubongo;
• pali kudwala mu dongosolo endocrine;
• mimba ali pambuyo;
• pamaso pa matenda aakulu mu mayi.

3. mimba ndi chofunika kwambiri: ngati panali chisanadze eclampsia kapena eclampsia, pali mwayi onse chitukuko cha matenda monga ischemia oziziritsa madigiri 2 akhanda. zotsatira zake zingakhale zosiyana.

zinthu izi si chitsimikizo 100% pa chitukuko cha kudwala. Ngakhale matenda intrauterine si nthawi zonse kutha ndi chakuti atabadwa osauka ischaemia oziziritsa, zotsatira angathe kuthetsedwa ngati kudwala ndiponso miyezo anatengedwa mu nthawi wapezeka.

Kodi matenda

kudwala uyu ali ndi digiri osiyana ya mawonetseredwe. Aakulu oziziritsa ischemia ali madigiri 2 zizindikiro neonatal, ndi chithandizo chofunika yomweyo. Ichi ndi chimene tiyenera kuchenjeza madokotala ndi amayi:

• Yafupika minofu kamvekedwe.
• Kuimaima Large kupuma.
• Osauka kuwonetseredwa tendon bongo.
• Ulesi Moro reflex.

Taonani syndromes zotsatirazi:

1. hyperexcitability syndrome, amene kumaonekera kulira popanda chifukwa, ndi wosakhazikika kugona pamwamba, WinCE.
2. syndrome Hydrocephalic angadziŵike mwa kuwonjezeka mu kukula kwa mutu ndi fontanelle lalikulu.
3. Pali matenda convulsive.
4. Ngati pali ischemia oziziritsa madigiri 2 neonatal maganizo syndrome amachepetsa wakuyamwa ndi Pomeza bongo ali wofooka minofu kamvekedwe, zikhoza strabismus.
5. The aakulu kwambiri matenda - ndi comatose. Ngati chikhalidwe chirichonse cha mwana zovuta, bongo kwina, palibe anachita zikuchitika kunja, otsika kuthamanga, pali kuvutika kupuma.

Pamene kusowa mpweya ukhoza kuwononga moyo wa mwana wa mbuzi

Ngati kudwala 1 digiri, ndiye amaona matenda a m'mapapo ndi madokotala ganizilani mmene akhanda chifukwa cha Apgar mphambu pa mipira 6-7. Kusonyeza digiri uyu wa malemeredwe ya ubongo, ngati mwana anabadwa pa akuti ndi asanakwane kuponderezedwa. boma kumachitika masiku 5-7.

Oziziritsa ischemia madigiri 2 zotsatira neonatal wa lalikulu, akhoza kuoneka zopweteka ovutika kupuma kumangidwa, akuyandama kayendedwe ka manja. Ngati timachita mayesero choyezera, wapezeka ubongo zotupa parenchyma, mkhutu magazi.

Ngati muli udzu wautali wa matenda kayendedwe, chilakolako osauka, mkhutu kumeza, muyenera yomweyo kukaonana ndi matenda okhudza ubongo.

Aakulu kungachititse chikomokere, imene ndi owopsa kwa moyo wa mwanayo. Kukula zizindikiro azitaya hydrocephalus.

bwanji matenda

Pafupifupi nthawi zonse kumasonyeza ischemia oziziritsa umayamba nthawi yomweyo pambuyo pa kubadwa. Ngati matendawa ali ndi digiri wofatsa, matendawo akhoza kupita okha, koma mawonekedwe aakulu mwina pang'ono kuchepetsako matenda awo, koma kwa kanthawi ndiyeno zinayambira ndi nyonga yatsopano. Choncho, pamene amaganiziridwa ischemia ayenera idzachitika zosiyanasiyana njira yodziwira, iwo monga:

1. Kupenda mwana kukhalapo kwa bongo ndipo ziyenera a Apgar.
2. Complete magazi.
3. Kujambula, ngati mukufuna chowongolera kapena aakulu. kafukufuku amathandiza kuganizira kapangidwe ka ubongo ndi kudziwa mmene zomvetsa awo.
4. US - amalola kupeza edema oziziritsa , kapena kukha mwazi malo.
5. Electroencephalogram - mokakamiza anachita mu makanda ndi matenda aakulu.

Ngati mukufuna matenda, "ischemia oziziritsa mu akhanda madigiri 2", mankhwala adzakhala inakonzedwa pambuyo pa kafukufuku onse.

Zolinga zikuluzikulu za mankhwala a ischemia

Ngati matenda zikutsimikiziridwa pambuyo pa kafukufuku zonse, ndiye kuyamba mwambowo kuti asunge kutentha yachibadwa, chinyezi, chitetezo ku zikuchitika kunja.

Therapy mu neonates ayenera kukhala wochepa aukali. Iwo ali ndi zolinga izi:

• Kuchita mpweya okwanira.
• Pitirizani hemodynamics.
• Achiritsa polojekiti zonse magawo amuzolengedwa kusanthula.
• Kukhazikitsa kupewa khunyu.

oziziritsa ischemia mankhwala ikuchitika kumene

Tapeza kuti matenda ali milingo angapo kuti amasiyana kuopsa kwa. Chithandizo kudzadalira kwathunthu zizindikiro.

1. Ngati pali digiri pang'ono, komabe mu umayi ndi pachiwiri madokotala akutenga miyezo zofunika ndi mankhwala mwana. Kenako, tikulimbikitsidwa kukaona katswiriyu ndi kupeza malangizo kutero. Nthawi zambiri akulimbikitsidwa kutikita ndi kukanirira wa tsiku.
2. Oziziritsa ischemia madigiri 2 wakhanda, izo kale anapeza, amafuna chithandizo ku chipatala ndipo akupitiriza mu chipatala chifukwa zizindikiro kwambiri.
3. Mu mwana aakulu atabadwa yomweyo anaikidwa odwala mwakayakaya.

Njira amachitira ischemia

kudwala Izi amakhala ndi chakuti palibe mankhwala, pamene akufa maselo a mu ubongo akhoza m'malo ndi yotheka kwa iye. Koma poika yake mankhwala wothandiza amalola kuti asiye kupitirira ya matenda ndiponso limapereka mwayi kuthandiza.

Ngati kudwala kwambiri, izo Tingaone yomweyo pambuyo kubadwa. Zikatero, tengani izi:

1. Agwire kupuma yokumba, zimene zingakuthandizeni kuti abwezeretse mowiriza kupuma. Kenako, kuwunika zonse za chikhalidwe cha mwanayo.
2. Amafuna yokonza mankhwala kuti mtima kupewa mtima mungoli chisokonezo adzaika "Dopamine," "Dobutamine".
3. "Phenobarbital" ndi "Phenytoin" zingathandize kuletsa omangana.
4. Imodzi mwa njira yatsopano ndi hypothermia. Akukhulupirira kuti kumachepetsa mlingo wa imfa ubongo selo. Koma m'pofunika kuchita kokha moyang'aniridwa ndi achipatala. Ngati kutsitsa kutentha ikuchitika ndi madigiri ochepa, mwanayo analimbikitsa.

Ngati matenda ndi digiri wofatsa, ndi okwanira kutenga mankhwala kuti kusintha magazi mu ubongo ndi kuteteza zina okhudza mitsempha kuwonongeka.

Ndi kuopseza hydrocephalus adzaika "Furosemide," "mannitol".

2 ndi 3, mlingo wa matenda zingasokoneze mavuto aakulu kwambiri, choncho n'kofunika kukhwimitsa onse ndi kusankha mankhwala chingamulepheretse chitukuko cha mavuto ischemic. Iwo angasonyeze monga mwa kukhala wofatsa, monga tcheru kuchepekedwa chisokonezo ndi lalikulu kwambiri, mpaka maganizo ndi olumala.

maganizo Komarovsky za matenda

Ngati pali oziziritsa ischemia madigiri 2 akhanda, Komorowski ananena kuti mankhwala chifukwa cha kupatsa, koma osati mofanana aliyense amafuna. Nkofunika mu gawo pachimake ndipo pamene pali kukhudzana ndi chinthu sichikupindulitsani mu ubongo, koma kawirikawiri wapezeka kudwala patapita nthawi yaitali, ubongo umayamba nthawi kuchira otchedwa. Panthawi imeneyi, adzakhala kutikita aluso ndi physiotherapy kuthandiza kuchira ndondomeko ya ubongo. Dr. Komorowski amakhulupirira kuti maonekedwe onse a ubongo mu neonates imakhudzana ndi chosakhwima ya ubongo imene pang'onopang'ono alinkuthedwa ngati palibe choopsa aakulu pathologies.

Zotsatira za ischemia oziziritsa

Panopa, mankhwala ndi pa mlingo wa chitukuko chimene chimathandiza kupewa mavuto aakulu a ischemia oziziritsa, koma pa chikhalidwe chimenecho matenda anazindikiritsidwa m'nthawi yake. ana ambiri omwe anali matenda, pali kutopa, ofuntha, mavuto ndi kukumbukira, kumene kungakhudze ntchito kusukulu. Ngakhale pamene pali (ngati anapezeka ndi ischemia oziziritsa mu akhanda 2 madigiri) zotsatira, amayi mayankho amati mukhoza kuthana nawo, ngati ife titembenukira kwa dokotala ndi kuthera pa kukonzekera zofunika.

Ndi thandizo lawo, mukhoza kwambiri bwanji ntchito kwambiri mwana, kusintha amawakumbukira kwambiri, motero, ntchito ku sukulu komanso bwino. Nkofunika kupeza katswiri oyenera amene kudzakuthandizani kuthana ndi zizindikiro m'munsili.

Ovuta kwambiri zotsatira za ischemia oziziritsa ndi khunyu la ubongo ndi khunyu. Koma izi nthawi zambiri zimachitika mu Zikavuta kwambiri ndi matenda mochedwa.

Kodi makolo angatani kuti mwana wawo

Ngakhale 2 mlingo wa kudwala si chilango. Pambuyo njira ya mankhwala akuyamba nthawi kuchira. Panthawi imeneyi, makolo mbali yofunika kwambiri, iwo nthawi zambiri amadalira mmene choopsa zotsatira za matenda. Kuti chitukuko cha mwana anakhala munthu wabwinobwino, makolo ayenera:

• Kukacheza ndi mwana zonse katswiriyu.
• Kupereka mwana wanu mankhwala, amene zotchulidwa dokotala.
• Mozama kuyan'ana chitukuko psychomotor, kuti panthawi yake kudziwa zolakwika.
• Mosamalitsa kutsatira malangizo mu ulamuliro wa pa tsiku.
• Ngati irritability mwana, kuonetsetsa limalowera mtendere, kuthetsa magwero a phokoso.
• Nthawi zambiri panja.
• Pochitika maphunziro kutikita.
• Wotsogolera ndi mwana wanu, kokoka zovuta akhoza amalangiza dokotala.

mavuto ubongo zingathe kuthetsedwa, chifukwa mantha dongosolo mwanayo ali zisanathe kupangidwa, ndi kusintha kwambiri ndipo akhoza kuchira, kotero ife tikhoza m'mbuyo. Ngakhale ndi matenda a "ischemia oziziritsa madigiri 2 zotsatira akhanda 'sizikhala aakulu. Chisamaliro ndi chikondi cha makolo, ndipo, ndithudi, adokotala, onetsetsani kuti achite mirakuli, ndi mwana sakhala ndi anzawo.