Mkati mawotchi: masitaelo ndi mitundu

Mu m'nyumba iliyonse, osachepera mu chipinda chomwecho, mungapeze maola. Iwo ndi osiyana kwambiri: anatengera pansi wolemera kapena pakhoma kuwala. Iwo akhoza kukhala chakale, ndi manja golide ndi oyimba ndi mawerengero achiroma, kapena zamakono: ndi oyimba iwo akhoza wolemala. Kaya zimenezi, kuchitira nthawi yeniyeni, ndipo Mulimonsemo lekani. Mu miyambo ndi zikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana akuimira moyo, ndipo sayenera udzasokonezedwa.

nkhani

The sundials oyambirira kudziwika kwa anthu, panali zaka zoposa 5000 zapitazo. Anthu akale anatsimikiza mtima udindo wa mithunzi: pakati pa bwalo anaikidwa ndodo, ndipo, malingana ndi nthawi ya tsiku, mthunzi anagwa pa izi kapena kuti malo.

Zotsatirazi maola - madzi, anaonekera ku Iguputo pafupifupi zaka 3500 zapitazo. Iwo anagwira ntchito mfundo ya mchenga: Akhazikitsa 2 akasinja, madzi asefukira kwa wina ndi mzake masana, malinga ndi msinkhu wake mukhoza kudziwa kuchuluka kwa nthawi yatsala kusanache kapena likamalowa.

Chitsanzo ndi mphindi dzanja anaonekera kokha m'zaka XVI, koma limagwirira sanali angwiro, mbwenye nkhabe tizisonyeza nthawi yolondola. Mu XVII m'ma pendulum koloko, iwo anasonyeza nthawi yolondola kwambiri, koma anali oipa yofunika kwambiri - ndi pendulum wasiya nthawi ndi chofunika zomera. Imeneyi ndi pendulum wotchi zimachokera mwambo achidule zosakhalitsa NDINE RM ndi kugawa nthawi masana ndipo pambuyo masana. chakuti kupsa oyimba chabe manambala 12, koma chifukwa masana muvi anali kuchita m'matumba awiri. Yolondola kwambiri, khwatsi, anali anatulukira kokha XX atumwi.

Ntchito m'katikati

Woyambirira mkati koloko anaonekera m'nyumba anali pansi. Lero iwo ali apamwamba, ulemerero wa chipinda, ndiyeno njira yaikulu chabe saloledwa kuti iwo ang'onoang'ono ndi zambiri yaying'ono.

zitsanzo pansi nthawizonse zakhala yekha: amachita anaimba kuti agwirizane ulemerero mkati mwa mwanaalirenji ndi kukhala ndi mbali yofunikira. MwaukadauloZida pansi zitsanzo ali ambiri anapanga kalembedwe tingachipeze powerenga kutsindika chikhalidwe wachibadidwe ndi yodalirika dongosolo la.

Board mkati koloko ndi zodzikongoletsera ndi Chalk kunyumba, ofesi kapena ofesi. Nthawi zambiri angapezeke mu masitolo yakale yoyendera. Wall lero ndi Kufikika kwambiri masitolo maola, mphatso, amagulako ambiri ndi m'sitolo, mukhoza kusankha chitsanzo cha kukula kulikonse kapena kalembedwe.

Table wotchi

zitsanzo izi ndi lingaliro zofunika za malonda olimba nduna ndi munthu wopambana. Nthawi zambiri iwo anapangidwa kalembedwe tingachipeze powerenga za mtengo ndi mfundo gilded. Mkati wotchi pa tebulo yothandizana kapangidwe kutsindika kufunika kwake kwa kalembedwe makamaka.

Iwo mwachibadwa kuyang'ana kwa malo, koma zambiri kukhala chokongoletsera laibulale, ofesi, chipinda kapena ofesi wamoyo. Chidwi tione ku moto maola amenewa. Mkati zitsanzo kompyuta kumaliza chilengedwe cha momasuka ndi ofunda, homely mlengalenga.

Iwo alibe kukhala chitsanzo Agiriki ndi amafanana kakang'ono ndi kusinthidwa pansi. Ambiri tebulo mawotchi amapangidwa ndi zitsulo, ndi modernist kapena zina zamakono kalembedwe, iwo komanso zida ndi Chalk zina: thermometers, Zimalondolera, etc.

khoma koloko

Mkati khoma koloko - ndi osakaniza changwiro cha kukongola ndi magwiridwe ndi zothandiza. Chifukwa kukula kwake yaing'ono, inu kukacheza iwo pafupifupi malo aliwonse. A zosiyanasiyana akalumikidzidwa ndi makulidwe adzalola kusankha chitsanzo bwino kuti malo kapangidwe ndi kupanga iwo okha wosuta-wochezeka chinthu, komanso yokongola ndi.

Mkati khoma mawotchi ndi mfundo zabwino kwambiri okonza amene sali owopa kuyetsa ndi kulenga latsopano, zitsanzo sanali muyezo. Kuchipinda kapena chipinda, anaphedwa kalembedwe tingachipeze powerenga, ndi bwino zoyenera chitsanzo kwa mitengo ndi zinthu zokongoletsera. Pakuti mkati mu kalembedwe ntchito moni-mulingo woyenera zitsanzo ndi zitsulo nyumba, ndi mizere bwino oyera. The wotchi chifukwa khitchini akhoza akuonetsedwa zomera, maluwa, zipatso.

mawotchiwa

Pansi mkati koloko ndi upamwamba mwa clockworks. Kuchokera pamene maonekedwe awo, iwo akhala chizindikiro, chizindikiro cha chuma ndiponso moyo wapamwamba. Ambiri ulonda mtengo anaimirira pa chipinda chochezera cha olemekezeka ndi olemekezeka, iwo adutsa kuchokera ku mibadwomibadwo, anagulitsidwa ku masitolo yakale yoyendera. Mu Russia, woyamba waukulu mkati koloko anaonekera pansi Peter I.

Pakuti pansi danga maola chofunika. Iwo adzayang'ana mwa malo mu nyumba yaing'ono, ndi bwino kugula iwo moyo lalikulu, mwinamwake iwo okha zotere danga. Mawotchiwa akhoza kukhala mu Mabaibulo osiyanasiyana, ngakhale zitsanzo za makolo amaonedwa kukhala tingachipeze powerenga, nakhala m'mafanizidwe a magazini woyamba.