Mbiri ya patchwork (mwachidule). Mbiri ya patchwork ku Russia

Njira patchwork kale kudziwika m'mayiko ambiri. izo kukafola nyimbo zosiyanasiyana - dongosolo zithunzi - kuchokera odulidwa chitsanzo cha nyenyeswa nsalu ngati zokongola ndi monochromatic. Tili zilandiridwenso wakhala otchedwa patchwork (nsalu) zithunzi.

Mu nyimbo anapanga njira imeneyi, palibe seams kuonekera pa mbali yakutsogolo kwa mankhwala, mosiyana ndi ntchito (nashivaniya yamawangamawanga pa chitsanzo limodzi). m'madera onse akhoza kupezeka ndi mwangwiro pamodzi ndi wina ndi mnzake mu umodzi ndi chinthu chomwecho.

History patchwork chidwi ambiri. Kodi ndi liti pamene mwambo uwu zachilendo "anasonkhanitsa 'zidutswa za zinthu nsalu? Imene dziko iye anabadwa? Tiyeni mwachidule kudya kutsogolo kwa zapitazi.

Mbiri ya zikamera wa patchwork

Adzabadwira njira imeneyi akuti ndi England. Koma zoona, mbiri ya zikamera wa patchwork kugwirizana ndi nthawi zambiri wakale. The Museum National wa Cairo anakoloweka chitsanzo cha chokongoletsera, amene anali ngati mfundo makombo chikopa khungu insa, akatswiri kalembedwe 980 BC. e. Mu Tokyo, mzinda owonetsera zakale ali ndi kavalidwe wakale wa zaka zofanana ndi dongosolo patchwork. Mu 1920, English katswiriyo A. Stein anapeza pamphasa M'buda, kunena ziri kwa atumwi IX, ndi ansembe a ambiri stitched zovala zidutswa amwendamnjira.

Mbiri ya zikamera wa patchwork mu Europe ndi chimodzimodzi chidwi. Pali nkhambakamwa kuti luso izi anadza ku East pamodzi ndi akadzabweranso kwa Nkhondo za Mtanda ndi Knights, amene anatenga monga zikho makalapeti, mbendera, zovala ndi nsalu. Ndiyeno cha m'ma XVIII, ochokera England, Holland ndi Germany anabweretsa patchwork njira kwa America, kumene wakhala kwambiri bwino ndipo wakhala ngati zilandiridwenso dziko.

dzina kumadzulo kwa njira imeneyi - patchwork. Othandiza ndi yotchipa mawonekedwe Tirhana na Timatheriyali poyamba analipo mu England, kumene XVI m'ma litapita ku India ena kuposa nsalu thonje ya dongosolo yowala ndipo mitundu. A chizindikiro khalidwe la chuma nyumba anatumikira monga luxuriously chokongoletsedwa ndi chitsanzo kusindikizidwa kapena nsalu Indian bulangeti.

England ngati nyumba ya patchwork

Popeza katundu atsamunda choyambirira si onse anali angakwanitse, English moti manufactures anali katswiri yopanga fakes - mabulangete kupanga m'deralo anapanga nsalu kunja. Kuyambira 1712 boma la England kukhala opanga awo makampani inaletsedwa zoitanitsa ndi kugulitsa thonje Indian ndi mankhwala ake. Kuyambira pamenepo, mbiri ya patchwork mu dziko analandira kutsogolera chitukuko.

Chintz anakhala contraband ndi mtengo. Angachite cha zovala zake, Taphunzira zotsala minofu mngelezi asaloledwe mankhwala ena - makamaka ofunsira mapeyala nsalu nsalu. The nyenyeswa zing'onozing'ono anasonkhana mu zithunzi ndi kupanga nsalu umodzi.

Mbiri ya patchwork ku Russia

Mu dziko lathu, pamene akutchula za njira imeneyi zimapezeka m'zaka za m'ma XIX, ndi kufika pa msika wa nsalu mtengo kunja. pachimake anafika pa luso la m'ma XIX., Chifukwa cha chiyambi cha ulimi wa nsalu ndi makina pa manufactures ndi ubiquity nsalu wotchipa thonje tinkawasindikiza chitsanzo. Choncho, mu dziko lathu, mbiri yonse ya patchwork mwachidule kusanduka maonekedwe a ulimi mafakitale mu gawo nsalu.

malaya nsalu ndi sundresses mbe tsiku ndi tsiku. Chokongoletsera zambiri anatumikira patchwork chitsanzo. amayi wosasakaza wa ang'onong'ono nyenyeswa anagwirizana nsalu pambuyo kudula zovala, kusonkhanitsa kwambiri zinthu zothandiza - mabulangete, ndi nsaru, ndipo makalipeti, ndi mapilo, ndi zina zambiri.

Anapanga mu Russia

Mbiri ya patchwork m'dziko wathu mwamwambo okha njira ya "mudzi" Pantchito - nemudrenoy zithunzi za Triangles, mabwalo, mikwingwirima ndi zosiyana mtundu oyika yowala. The chidwi kwambiri ndi chidwi luso atatu azithunzi omwe tikunena angatchedwe lililonse kwa kusoka Russian.

Akamanena za njira izi motere. nyenyeswa zonse tadulidwa pa dongosolo mu mawonekedwe a lalikulu kapena bwalo, ndi Triangles anapanga. Anthu m'magulu mizere ndi kusoka mu bwalo maziko, amene akutumikira monga nsalu wandiweyani. Njira ina - nsalu ya kusema n'kupanga, amene chingwe yaitali kuluka. Ndiye nsalu kuluka-chingwe. Zingapo mangongo awa a mitundu yosiyanasiyana anaika pa nsalu mozungulira ndi stitched pamodzi.

Ndipo lero?

Mu zaka mazana makumi awiri (kutanthauza zaka 70) panali latsopano funde la yosoka zovala, zibangili ndi Interiors kalembedwe wowerengeka, imene inapangitsa chidwi alikukonzeka watsopano njira imeneyi. mtundu uwu wa anthu chidwi zakale, kuti kusonkhanitsa zitsanzo katundu.

Zotsatira zake zinali zosonkhanitsira lonse la katswiri wa wowerengeka Tirhana na Timatheriyali (zomwe sizodabwitsa chifukwa mbiri ya patchwork ali zaka zambiri). Ndipo iwo zasungidwa mu Russian Museum wa Kukongoletsa-Akutsatira ndi Folk Art mu Moscow, boma Russian Museum ku St. Petersburg, Ivanovo nsalu Museum ndi m'mamyuziyamu mzindawo wamba ambiri mbiri. Patchwork anakopeka ambiri aluso ano akatswiri.

N'zosavuta kuti kusoka patchwork?

Njira imeneyi ndi losavuta monga Zingaoneke koyamba. Kuchokera wojambula amafuna osati chuma luso osokera, komanso kudzimva mochenjera kalembedwe, mtundu, ndipo, ndithudi, kukoma chomwecho. A ubwino ndi zotheka pa mkulu mwatsatanetsatane kudula ndi stapling zinthu. kusiyana ndi chovuta millimeters ochepa zingachititse misalignment chipatso lonse. Amafuna kuti adziwe Buku ndi makina ulusi (mawu akuti "chikwapu" ndi lonyezimira kupyolera PAD thonje ubweya batt wosanjikiza kapena zinthu zina zilizonse, aikidwa pakati pa zigawo ziwiri za nsalu zokongoletsera). Ulusi mwina dongosolo zosiyanasiyana, zomwe zina kukongoletsa mankhwala.

Kodi si kusoka ambuye wa shreds osiyanasiyana! Iwo analenga zinthu zambiri zosiyana - kuchokera zidole chiguduli, mabulangete, nsalu za patebulo, cushions, makatani, zopalira mphika, makalipeti kuti mapanelo ndi zojambula komanso zikwama zam'manja, zamphepo, zovala zosalowa. Atakulitsa kulawa, chithunzicho ali ndi ufulu wonse kusankha nsalu ndi yokonza yekha, chitsanzo nthawi yapadera.

Lophunzira ndi ovuta luso choyambirira imafunanso kuleza mtima ndi nthawi yotsogolera. Novice singano akazi angachite bwino ntchito mankhwala wamba kukula yaing'ono Mwachitsanzo, amate. Mu kupanga chinthu chilichonse mu njira patchwork ayenera kugwirizana woyamba mabanja amaphunzira mitundu yosiyanasiyana Triangles amakona anayi a kukula yemweyo mu lalikulu, kenako yokonza mabwalo a magulu awa, kenako motere angapo mtanda kulumikiza zingwe mu ukonde mosalekeza.

Kodi chofunika wa mmisiri

Zofunika chigawo chimodzi cha kupambana - pamaso pa neatness ndi kukoma luso. The zikuchokera ndi rippled mu maso, zidutswa za minofu ayenera kukhala mogwirizana ndi mzake ndi mtundu. Wopambana zojambula njira awapatse zikuchokera mtundu wapadera. Kulephera amapezeka ndi nyenyeswa ndi, kuwonjezera pa chitsanzo zazikulu, ndi kuchuluka kwa mitundu Kugwirizana ndi mithunzi. Apanga limodzi ukonde mbuye ali kupereka onani zotsatira zimatheka. Ndipo chinthu chachikulu mu ntchito yake amalankhula osati chiphunzitso cha ma mtundu, ndi yodziŵiratu zinthu pasadakhale mwini.

Zokhoma ndi imatiuza za zodabwitsa zosiyanasiyana zamanja patchwork. Mu ulemerero wa khitchini zimaonekera tablecloth, zopukutira m'manja zimapezeka zapamwamba, potholders zokongola kuchipinda - mabulangete, mitundu yonse ya mabulangete ndi pillowcases. Kamodzi pa chipinda chochezera, tiyenera kulabadira mapanelo zokongoletsera, ndi Chalk zovala zasungidwa mu kachikwama, matumba ngakhalenso zovala - zingakhale omasuka quilted jekete kapena kavalidwe yotentha kalembedwe wowerengeka.

zikuchitika masiku ano

Today patchwork amakopeka onse Akatswiri ndi okonda DIY. Wina mokhudza za mabulangete kusoka, chinkatilimbikitsa kwambiri kuti luso dziko, ena anasankha kupanga zovala, kukongoletsa wolemera zosiyanasiyana zovala Russian dziko.

Mu aliyense wa milandu kunachokera interlacing njira zamakono kusoka ndi miyambo wowerengeka, ndipo kupyolera - kuzindikira cholowa chikhalidwe m'mbuyomu. Pakuti openga zoyala wa kalembedwe Russian amakhala ndi kuwala kwapadera, "kusangalala" mitundu. chito ndi zopezeka multicolor, pali amajambulapo maluwa okongola mosadziwika bwino mogwirizana zosiyanasiyana zamitundu yosiyanasiyana, nsalu mawonekedwe angapo.

Mu mizinda yambiri Russian, mafani lodabwitsa luso choyambirira bungwe ndodo zawo. Fans patchwork kugwira zochitika olowa, misonkhano, zisudzo ndi maphwando, mpaka kukhazikitsa ntchito padziko lonse.

Mbiri ya patchwork si atamaliza m'masiku athu. Mu malonda padziko lonse timabadwanso mwatsopano, mayiko ambiri amati ndi kutsogoza m'munda wa luso ntchito. Mwina ambiri zolondola kuganizira iye luso lonse - limabweretsa dziko lonse. Ngati njira zina akuti luso, ndi Kufikika ndiponso yomveka chinenero zimachitika pakati pa nthumwi za zikhulupiriro zosiyana ndi mafuko.