Matenda Hirschsprung a

matenda Hirschsprung amanena kuti ndi malformation wa theka kumanzere ya m'matumbo. Iwo amakhala ndi kusapezeka kwa maselo ganglion mu submucosal ndi mu mnofu plexus. matenda Hirschsprung akupezeka ana mu chiŵerengero cha 1: 5000 milandu. Mu achinyamata, izo zimapezeka zambiri kamodzikamodzi. Anyamata zowawa kasanu zambiri kuposa atsikana. Kuti vuto limeneli pathological yodziwika ndi cholowa banja. Nthawi zina, matenda amagwirizana ndi maonekedwe a syndrome Down. Mu wamkulu matenda Hirschsprung akupezeka pamene chikhalidwe cha kutanthauzira m'dera anorectal. Zikavuta, zikhoza kufalitsa kwa wapotalikira intestine yaing'ono.

Mu pathogenesis matendawa amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri kusowa mphamvu ya kugawikana parasympathetic ya ubongo. Chifukwa cha chikhalidwe ichi ndi kuchedwa mkati sphincter zosangalatsa rectum, imbaenda kuchepetsa okhazikika chonsechi, chopinga wa peristalsis, ndi kukula kwa hypertrophy. Kukomoka matenda umakhala ndi chikhalidwe lodziwika megacolon.

matenda Hirschsprung a angayambe ndi kulipidwa, decompensated subcompensated ndi mawonekedwe. Zovuta chikhalidwe pathological zimadalira anglionarnogo kutalika gawo. mawonekedwe Decompensated akuwonekera matenda a ileus.

mbali khalidwe la matenda ndi anapwetekedwa, bloating, kugunda m'mimba, kudzimbidwa. Kuchedwa kwa mpando ali Inde aakulu (zina mwezi a). Bloating alinso mbali zonse matenda, ndi katundu ndi zingachititse movutikira mwana. Bloating amakhalabe ngakhale patapita matumbo kuyenda mothandizidwa ndi enemas. zotsatira zake angatchedwe maonekedwe ululu. Zizindikiro zazikulu za matenda amagwira nseru, kusanza, kufooka, chilakolako kuwonongeka. Zovuta za chikhalidwe ichi pathological ndi magazi m'thupi, mapindikidwe a mzere kumathandiza kupeza ngodya zabwino. Pamaso kutupa, ulceration, khosi lotupa kungadzutse kulimbikira m'mimba amene amayambitsa kutopa, boma collaptoid.

matenda matenda Hirschsprung akuyamba ndi kuyendera masomphenya. Amowabu kuwonjezeka pamimba chifukwa cha kutupa zonse, peristaltic contractions za m'mimba anakhudzidwa, wandiweyani chopondapo. Kusintha chidule cha sphincter kumatako anatsimikiza mtima Kupenda yadigito. Fluoroscopy woongoka amapereka zotsatira n'ngolondoladi. Amalembedwa kusintha mu dongosolo m'mimba chifukwa kukhalapo ndalama kwambiri mpweya amene amayambitsa kutsekeka. Mu njira ina zoimbidwa kuti ntchito matenda a zinthu pathological ndi colonoscopy, barium mankhwala. inawo ntchito kudziwa mmene ndi kutanthauzira kwa constriction awiri suprastenoticheskoy m'matumbo m'deralo.

Pofuna kutsimikizira matenda ntchito transanal biopsy. Kuchepetsa okhudza mitsempha ganglia intermuscular plexus ndi mbali kuti akutsimikiza matenda Hirschsprung. Pa opaleshoni, njira zimenezi zimathandiza kudziwa mlingo wa resection.

Chithandizo cha boma matenda zimadalira kusalekerera kumene ake. mitundu kulipidwa angathe kuthetsedwa ndi njira ndiwofatsa mankhwala, nthawi zina amafuna mwamsanga alowererepo pa opaleshoni, amene amalowerera kolonostomy, kuchotsa m'dera aganglionarnoy, decompensated, overextension za m'mimba. Imfa mankhwala imachitika akubwera peresenti anayi.