Marino - Nyumbayi Stroganoff mu chigawo cha dera Leningrad Tosno. Munda banja la Stroganov-Golitsyn

Zokopa Leningrad dera nthawi zonse anakopeka chidwi kwambiri alendo padziko lonse. zachifumu izi zazikulu ndi nyumba Manor, ndi inextricably zogwirizana ndi mbiri ya dziko lathu. M'dera Leningrad (Tosno chigawo), mu kamudzi Andrianovo, limene lili makilomita makumi asanu ku St. Petersburg, ndi imodzi mwa malo osangalatsa amenewa. Masiku ano, ulemerero tingamvetse aliyense.

Munda banja la a Stroganov-Golitsyn (Manor Marino) akhala asiyidwa. Pa nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse izo kwambiri kuonongeka. Komanso, ndipo ngakhale kuti si anapulumutsa - linasiyidwa paki zazikulu ndi Manor nyumba anataya maonekedwe ake apachiyambi. Zikuoneka kuti mbiri ya zomangamanga lokongolali uli wangwiro, koma zaka zingapo zapitazo, Chiwerengero cha chuma ndi madera ozungulira anagulidwa G. G. Stepanovoy. Iye ali mbuye wa wotchuka St. Petersburg owonetsera zakale zovuta "Petersburg wojambula." Kuyambira pamenepo, mu Marino (zazikulu Stroganoff) ikuchitika yaikulu ntchito yobwezeretsa. Achita zambiri, koma zofuna kwambiri kuti zichitidwe kuti abwezeretse chipilala wapadera.

Marino (Leningrad dera): mbiri ya chilengedwe

Mbiri ya malo kunayamba 1726. Kenako, mayiko a zimene tsopano ndi mudzi Andrianova anayamba kumanga malo. Kudera limeneli a wakale ndi kale wolemera ndi wolemekezeka pa nthawi Stroganovs. Iye anali kuyang'anira ntchito yomanga ndi malo a baroness malo M. Ya Stroganoff, amene anali godmother wa Mfumu Peter I. mwamuna wake Gregory Dmitrievich Stroganoff sankafuna dziko malo ndi kwathunthu anadalira chilengedwe chake mkazi wake amphamvu.

Motero, pa malo panali lalikulu, koma unremarkable Manor nyumba.

mwini latsopano

Crucially Manor anayamba kusintha mu 1811, pamene mwiniwake latsopano anali Sofya Vladimirovna Stroganova, mwana wamng'ono wa N. P. Golitsynoy. mchimwene wake anali Moscow Bwanamkubwa-General Prince Golitsyn nkhanza za m'banja

Zonse tikukhala mu Moscow, Golitsyn anali alendo kawirikawiri pa Catherine Stroganov Manor Bratsevo. Apa ndipo padali msonkhano wa khumi kukongola Sofi Golitsynoy ndi makumi awiri Pavlom Stroganovym. Mu May 1793, achinyamata anali okwatira. Pakuti anali phwando lalikulu limene anali adavomereza ndi Prince Golitsyn.

Nthawi yoyamba banja wamng'ono ankakhala Moscow, kumene M'chaka cha 1794 anali ndi mwana, Alexander. Mu February 1814 naintini Chiwerengero dzina lake Aleksandr Stroganov anaphedwa kanthu pafupi Paris. Wokaika bambo onyamula thupi lake kupyolera onse a ku Ulaya ndipo kuikidwa ulemu usilikali pa Alexander Nevsky Lavra. Pavel Aleksandrovich sakanakhoza kupulumuka imfa ya mwana wake. Iye anakhala m'maso mwake zimasuluka - kutukuka kwambiri mowa. Mu June 1817, iye anafa ndipo anaikidwa m'manda pafupi ndi mwana wake.

Makumi awiri wamasiye, anataya mwana wake wamwamuna yekhayo, Sophia V. chisoni imfa awo. Komabe, anakhalabe mwini wake wa Stroganov primogeniture (miyoyo makumi asanu zikwi). Ankafunika kusamalira zigawo zikuluzikulu, kotero moyo wake wonse anakhala mu Stroganov Palace ku St. Petersburg, kapena mu dziko, mu Marino. Stroganoff Manor anali mwana wake ndiwotani, makonzedwe umene analipira ndalama zambiri nthawi.

zaka twente-seveni ndi miyezi isanu ndi itatu iye kusamalira minda yawo, ndipo anawatsogolera iwo wangwiro chikhalidwe.

Palace Yomanga

Mu 1811, a Manor nalo dzina lake pano - Marino. Iwo anapatsidwa ulemu wa anayambitsa Manor - Maria Yakovlevna. Sophia Vladimirovna singakwaniritse unremarkable munda, ndipo iye abverana kuti amange nyumba yatsopano.

Mlembi wa ntchito woyamba anali wotchuka wamanga amene anamanga Kazan Cathedral - Andrew Voronikhin. Ankafuna kumanga nyumba si njira ife tikuziwona izo lero. Anasunga chojambula chake choyamba, lomwe limasonyeza kuti anakonza zozungulira Manor ndi zipilala chilolezo. bwalo anathyola kuchokera pa dziwe lina lalikulu.

Lingaliro la wolemba sanali zoyembekezeka chikukwaniritsidwa chifukwa imfa ya katswiri wa zomangamanga. ntchito yake anapitiriza ndi luso ophunzira - serf Stroganoff Petr Sadovnikov ndi Ivan Kolodin, amene anamanga nyumba yachifumu mu mawonekedwe a semicircle, ndi dontho kwa paki English ndi dziwe.

Wamaluwa wamanga inamangidwa pa mpingo chuma cha Utatu Woyera. Zinachitika mu kalembedwe Wachiwiri-Gothic ndi mfundo za Russian zomangamanga mpingo. Iye anali yogwira mpaka 1930.

Marino (zazikulu Stroganoff) ali Manor nyumba - nyumba ziwiri storey. Ndi chinthu chachikulu cha zovuta a. Linapangidwa kalembedwe okhwima zachikhalidwe. Kunja, nyumba yachifumu akufanana Big Pavlovsk Palace. The Manor anali khomo lalikulu asanu. Aliyense ali chokongoletsedwa ndi chosema wa mkango.

Sofia Vladimirovna anasintha ndi bwalo danga. Pamaso yachifumu adayikapo udzu, munda maluwa, dziwe yokongola analengedwa. Mu pakati pa flowerbed wozungulira anaukitsidwa pedestal ndi vane nyengo. mbali zonse zinayi ali chokongoletsedwa ndi clockwork. Komanso ntchitoyo PS Nyakulima zovuta wodzilemekeza paki yomanga - mitengo ndi nyumba mwala.

Chilimwe Marino (zazikulu Stroganoff) anatsegula ntchito za sukulu yeniyeni ya migodi ndi nkhalango, ulimi. Palinso anali tiled, zidina komanso mafakitale njerwa, Swiss tchizi fakitale.

Chokongoletsera mkati

Ambiri malo osangalatsa a dera Leningrad akali chidwi alendo komanso akatswiri a zomangamanga Russian a XIX atumwi. Zimenezi zikugwira ntchito kwathunthu ku munda wa Stroganov.

Sofia Vladimirovna ankafuna kulenga m'nyumba ya Interiors yapamwamba, kotero denga ndi utoto grizalyu. zipinda zonse mkati chokongoletsedwa ndi ziboliboli, zojambula, amene anabweretsa kunyumba kwawo ili St. Petersburg, pa Nevsky Chiyembekezo, ware zamkuwa. Pang'onopang'ono, malo anali ntchito ya wotchuka Spanish, Chitaliyana ndi Dutch ambuye.

Laibulale yaikulu maina, ndiwo wa mtengo wake wapatali, banja anali ndi zofunkha nkhondo ya banja Stroganov.

paki

Pa malo panali wapadera malo gulu loyimba. Izo analengedwa ndi wamanga A. Meneles. Ndi kuyamika khama lake mu Marino anaonekera paki mfulu, amatunga yokongola, minda zobiriwira, wachisomo milatho.

moyo Social mu malo

M'nthawi anafotokoza kuti Marino (zazikulu Stroganoff) anali nthawi zonse wokongola yodzaza ndi osangalatsa. Apa bungwe zochitika zosangalatsa, zisudzo ed, mipira zazikulu. Manor Marino Mzimu oimira zilandiridwenso wa luso. Iwo anagwira pa nsalu zokha ayi wake amisiri E. I. Esakov ndi AA Rubtsov.

Pamene Sophia Vladimirovna si, mwini munda anali Mfumukazi Adelaida Pavlovna Golitsyna. Ndiyeno anapitirira kuti Pavel Pavlovich Golitsyn, amene mwiniwake mpaka 1914. Mwini lotsiriza la Manor anali Sergei Pavlovich Golitsyn.

Manor kuyambira 1917

Pambuyo 1917, mbiri aposachedwapa a munda anayamba. Pamene ambiri awa nyumba yachifumu paki maofesi, Marino nationalized. Museum chinamasulidwa mu nyumba Manor. Part pa chuma (iwo anali mabuku ambiri osowa ndiponso zosemasema) unasamutsidwira Hermitage ndi Russian Museum.

Mu 1927, nyumba yachifumu anayamba kulandira alendo tchuthi kunyumba kwa asayansi, ndipo patapita Anam'samutsira Exploration Institute, kapena m'malo siteshoni experimental ake. Last kukhazikitsanso munda chinachitika mu 1959. Pambuyo sukulu yogonera komweko inali pano, ndipo kenako - ndi dispensary.

Zingatanthauze kuti m'nyumbayi ndi nkhani zakale wamataya ili pa mphindi ino anali kutha. Koma chozizwitsa chinachitika.

Manor lero

Popeza 2008, Marino (zazikulu Stroganoff) linakhala cholowa cha G. G. Stepanovoy. Mwini panopa chuma ndi mbuye wa m'nyumbayi zovuta "Petersburg wojambula" mu St. Petersburg. Zikomo kuti khama lake ndi chuma (ndithu) zikutanthauza kukonzanso effete atachuluka yachifumu ndi kusiyidwa. Masiku ano, akugwiritsa nakhalanso mu Interiors wotchuka, alendo akhoza kumasuka: Galina Stepanova, pamodzi ndi zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho owonetsera zakale bungwe mu Marino mwanaalirenji dziko hotelo.

Paki zazikulu anali ankamangidwanso ku kupulumuka mu Russian watercolors owonetsera zakale. Komanso, m'nyumbayi kunditumiza ku malo okwana mazana awiri mapepala asanu ndi anayi watercolor Albums. Tsopano, makope ena Tingaone mu malls, wapoyera.

Lero, paki ntchito yaikulu pa malo ndi - anabzala pa zikwi mitengo ndi zitsamba, kuti clearings atatu anapanga ngalande. Kubwezeretsedwa m'mabande zonse mogwirizana ndi ndondomeko 1845. Komanso, anachira kugwa wapadera mayiwe. Mwa zipangizo latsopano kutatha woyang'anira - kasupe kuti akuwombera kupita kumwamba kwa meters khumi ndi zinayi.

Kubwezeretsa Interiors

Ntchito mu malo akupitiriza lero. Interiors ake kenako akunyalanyaza. Pakati pa mlengalenga otsala - chipinda kumene amayi anga ankakonda kumasuka mbuye wa malo - Natalia Golitsyn, White Hall. Pambuyo pa kubwezeretsedwa, iwo adzathe mipando chokongoletsedwa.

Ambiri a zinthu ndi mipando ku malo tsopano anali mu zakale. Modern "mwinimunda" malamulo makope changwiro cha zinthu izi mkati ano opanga nduna. Mwachitsanzo, pomwe kumathera Gothic chipinda, kumene amisiri aluso ochokera kupulumuka zithunzi ndi zojambula analenga maalumali, mpando ndi bookcase.

Mapulani ndi ntchito

Kum'mawa phiko la Manor, ndi chakumene pa nkhondo, koma pambuyo pake kubwezeretsedwa, Galina Stepanova akufuna kupereka malo ena onse, umene udzakhazikitsidwe mu laibulale, yaing'ono spa m'dera ndi Jacuzzi ndi dziwe losambira, billiard chipinda. Lero malo, alendo osati kusangalala ndi masewera ma biliyadi pa tebulo yokutidwa ndi nsalu yofiira (monga masiku Stroganoff), komanso kusewera Chess akale ndi makadi.

Kwathunthu kukakonza ndipo chitakonzedwa chapansi. Ndi arches ake kuchotsedwa amabisa ndi buluu utoto amene anatsalira ku Soviet Union. zomangamanga anapeza pansi yawo zaka - oposa zaka ziwiri. Anaganiza kuti achoke mu maonekedwe ake apachiyambi.

Mu masiku akale, panali anthu, khitchini, pantry, vinyo m'chipinda chapansi, ayezi kwa yosungirako chakudya, ndiye ntchito ndipo anakhala anthu, kutumikira banja. Lero ndi deta zina zimene wasonkhanitsa Galina Stepanovna, wopangidwa mwa zinthu tsiku ndi tsiku (oyang'anira akale, zitsulo, samovar, ndi zina zotero. D.). Rumor ali kuti mbali ina ya chapansi ankabwerera kulondera Maryinskiy kupanikizana.

Akufuna kufufuza Interiors wobwezeretsedwa wa zipinda angapo akhoza kujowina ulendo, amene bungwe mu Tosno, kapena kuti ndi kulipira ulendo munthu (mwa maikidwe).

Kwaulere, mungathe kutenga kuyenda pa malo. Inu adzaona zazikulu bwino-anakonzekeretsa paki lozungulira munda, amasirira kukongola ndi oyera dziwe, kuyenda pa mlatho anaponyedwa kudutsa mitsinje ndi mtsinje Tosno. Mukhozanso kukwera akavalo. The uchikumbe ali makola yake.

Masiku ano, dzina la Chiwerengero Stroganov kawirikawiri ndi anthu wotchuka padziko lonse, monga alendo munthu ndi nthumwi ochokera m'mayiko osiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, pa kutsegula wamkulu wa pavilions Chinese, ili pa malo, mu 2013, iye anapita Kazembe Chinese, ndi pamene chikondwerero cha Manor bicentennial (2011) panafika anthu akuluakulu pamwamba apa woimira Tosno chigawo, Leningrad dera, komanso phindu achibale kunja eni kale Manor - Stroganoff. Galina Stepanovna umabala ntchito wofuna kwambiri - kusonkhanitsa pa malo banja la ana a Stroganov ndi Golitsyn.

Marino (Stroganov Nyumbayi): bwanji kuti kumeneko?

Kuti tifike nyumba kungakhale njira ziwiri - ndi galimoto lanu kapena pogwiritsa ntchito mabasi ndi magalimoto. Mbali yoyamba, muyenera kupita pa khwalala Moscow ku tauni ya Usak (za makumi asanu makilomita ku likulu la North), chizindikiro cha mudzi tembenuzirani pa chizindikiro "Andrianovo" ndi kutsatira pafupifupi zisanu ndi zinayi makilomita.

Ngati mukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito zoyendera anthu, ndiye muyenera kupita ku Moscow pasiteshoni ya sitima, kumene sitima ndidzalandira inu kwa mzinda wa Tosno. Ndiye muyenera kusamutsa kuti basi ku mudzi Andrianovo kapena kutenga basi chiwerengero 610 kuchokera pamalo okwerera sitima siteshoni "Star" ku mzinda wa Tosno kenako basi chiwerengero 326 kuti siteji "School mu Andrianovo".