"Lorry" GAZ-AA. History, specifications, mbali

GAZ-AA, "lorry", ndi lodziwika bwino makina Pre-nkhondo ndi nkhondo, anachita pa Gorky galimoto Bzalani mu 1932. Lachitsanzo zinachitika zachokera pa galimoto American, "Ford AA" mu 1930, amene anaigula Soviet Union ndi pangano chilolezo. Choncho "lorry" GAZ-AA, amene wakhala akhala modernized nthawi zambiri. Car kapangidwe linali losavuta ndi odalirika. Pa nthawi imeneyo, Soviet galimoto makampani anali mu Chiyambi chake ndi zimakhalanso zotsika mtengo chilolezo kupanga galimoto zakhala zothandiza kwambiri.

Kutheka kwa Gorky zomera mawu zida luso anali aatali, kotero kupanga anaganiza kuthamanga pa mpweya. Characteristically, galimoto chopangidwa ndi layisensi American, mwamsanga anasamukira ku kuonetsetsa zigawo zoweta. Kunali kosavuta kukhala unit pansi kuposa kuyitanitsa izo kunja kudikira miyezi kwa katundu. Choncho, ndondomeko msonkhano, "lorry" wakhala zikomo zipangizo zambiri zamakono khama la akatswiri Soviet.

wamakono

"Lorry" GAZ-AA analowa kupanga mu January 1932, ndipo msonkhano masitolo Gorki galimoto yomweyo anasonyeza mlingo mkulu wa kumasulidwa kwa galimoto. Tsiku achoka ku conveyor 60 magalimoto, ndi Zatsala mathamangitsidwe angathe. Baibulo Soviet amasiyana ndi chitsanzo American angapo magawo. M'malo malata unakhazikitsidwa osewera crankcase zowalamulira analimbitsa wononga chiwongolero limagwirira pa carburetor mpweya fyuluta anaika. Thupi kamodzinso linapangidwa pa bolodi njira lidayikidwa chifukwa cha zojambula za m'banja. Kenako, okonza Soviet anayamba wapadera dambo njira "lorry", umene kusiyana ndi chakuti thupi analibe kugwetsa. Katundu mumafuna pansi pa madziwo yake pa mwapadera kudziwa pansi thupi. Zinali zokwanira kutsegula anakhala m'mbali mwa galimotolo.

galimotoyo

kumbuyo kuyimitsidwa kapangidwe "lorry" anali pachiyambi ndi zachilendo. akasupe theka-dzira ili mu njira yapadera, patsogolo pa chitsulo chogwira matayala kumbuyo mitanda kotero kuti awo amortization ndalezo kanthu amatenga khalidwe. Kudzera nyumba imeneyi, kuyimitsidwa kumbuyo anakhala zambiri yaying'ono manufacturable poyerekeza ndi akasupe wathunthu dzira. Koma mamangidwe anali drawback chimodzi - pamene braking midadada akasupe atenga katundu angapo ndipo nthawi zambiri amalephera. Stepladders kusunthika ndi kasupe tsamba wayamba kusuntha wachibale olamulira kotenga.

matabwa kanyumba

Kwathunthu ku mbali ya kupanga Soviet a "lorry" GAZ-AA amatengedwa kuyambira 1933. Cabs galimoto yoyamba mtengo, ndipo kuyambira 1934 pa makina anaika chitsulo gawo ndi chinsalu denga.

Chatekinoloje galimoto GAZ-AA inamangidwa chimango-mtundu galimotoyo, tsamba-kasupe kuyimitsidwa. The anasiya absorbers mantha anapanga kuthamanga kwa makina kusokonekera ndi lolimba. Komabe, galimoto bwinobwino anachita ntchito pa mayendedwe a cargoes ndi zidutswa osowa. Motors "mpweya-AA" ruggedness osiyana ndi mkulu maintainability. Iwo akhoza ntchito kwambiri mankhwala otsika kalasi mafuta, otsika-octeni mafuta ndi palafini, ngakhale mu nyengo otentha.

zolakwa

The anafooka mfundo "lorry" anali sitata ndi batire. moyo wawo sadzachitanso anafika theka la chaka, ndiye unit kunja kwa dongosolo, ndi batire amayenera kukonzedwa. Kawirikawiri galimoto atamangika khasu.

Vuto lina kwambiri pa ntchito ya GAZ-AA wakhala kuchepa pachimake matayala. Izo zinapangitsa kuti kumbuyo chitsulo chogwira matayala a galimoto anali okonzeka ndi mawilo anayi si monga yakhala itaikidwa pa pasipoti, koma awiri okha, chifukwa cha zomwe mphamvu za makina anagwa.

Ndipo komabe, "lorry" anali kwambiri chachikulu Soviet galimoto mu prewar ndi nkhondo zaka. GAZ-AA ankagwiritsidwanso ntchito pa chitukuko kusinthidwa - anali ambulansi, akasinja zosiyanasiyana, kuwala ndi unsembe lamayimbidwe, kukonza mafoni "zouluka detachment", odana ndi gasi, ukhondo ndi ukhondo avtolaboratorii, mawailesi ndi mawailesi oyambirira chenjezo, nawuza siteshoni ndi Air ndi kuyatsa kuyambira mayunitsi.

pomwe

Mu 1938, a "lorry" GAZ-AA muli latsopano injini GAZ-MM mphamvu malita 50. m., zomwe mpaka ndiye anaikidwa pa galimoto "Molotovets-1" pansi lakuti GAZ-M1. Kuwonjezera pa akweza injini "lorry" anali okonzeka ndi bwino chiwongolero ndi driveshaft pa mayendedwe singano. Galimotoyo anali kasupe popanda absorbers mantha.

Popeza "lorry" - galimoto chatekinoloje, ndipo zotsatira unakhazikitsidwa mu nthawi yochepa, chitsanzo wakhala chofunika kwambiri pa chuma Soviet. Pa nthawi imeneyo, galimoto onyamula mphamvu mkati matani 1.5 ankaona yokwanira ndithu. Pa nthawi yokolola pa munda amatulutsa mazana a magalimoto mwamsanga anatenga zokolola kwa processing ndiyeno mayendedwe awo galimoto. Car "lorry" anali zosunthika galimoto. Iye anali vuto lililonse ndi otsika yokonza.

Car "lorry", specifications luso

Kamangidwe makina: perednemotornaya, RWD.

Makulidwe ndi magawo kulemera:

• kutalika galimoto - 5335 mamilimita;
• kutalika - 1870 mamilimita;
• m'lifupi - 2030 mamilimita;
• nthaka chilolezo, chilolezo - 200 mm;
• wheelbase - 3340 mamilimita;
• Zithetsedwe kulemera - 1750 mm.

magetsi

Ilo liri ndi makhalidwe awa:

• Engine mtundu - "GAZ-A ';
• mtundu - petulo;
• kasinthidwe - zinayi yamphamvu, mu mzere;
• ntchito buku - 3285 CC / masentimita;
• pazipita mphamvu - malita 40. p.;
• makokedwe - 1200 Rev / Mph pa 165 NM;
• yamphamvu m'mimba mwake - 98,43 mamilimita;
• psinjika chiŵerengero - 4,22;
• Chilonda - 87 mamilimita;
• Yozizira dongosolo - madzi;
• yamphamvu mutu - chitsulo;
• yamphamvu chipika - chitsulo;
• chiwerengero cha m'zinthu - 4;
• liwiro - 70 Km / h;

Kufala - Buku, zinayi liwiro gearbox.

"Lorry" - makina konsekonse

Kupatula pa mwachizolowezi pa bolodi galimoto GAZ opangidwa tipper kusinthidwa gasi C1. Mfundo ntchito makina zinali zodabwitsa kwambiri. Katundu mu thupi poyamba pabwino kotero kuti misa ndi mbamuikha ku mbali kumbuyo, amene zokhoma ndi kuletsa yosavuta. Komatsu ndi dalaivala amatsegula loko, ndi misa chuma nyumba pansi pa madziwo yake kugwa kuchokera kunja. Ndiye thupi chopanda kanthu kachiwiri yotseka pa loko wa.

"Road a Moyo"

Pa nawo GAZ-AA ( "lorry") mu nkhondo ya 1941-1945 olembedwa kwambiri mabuku. Koma zofunika kwambiri mbiri njira imene ndinawapanikiza galimoto lodziwika bwino anali "moyo", namsenza ayezi nyanja ya Ladoga. Ichi chinali njira yokhayo yolumikiza ndi kuzungulira Leningrad ndi dzikoli.

Ice chikanapitirizidwira okha GAZ-AA. Asilikali "lorry" ndi nyali zosasonyeza mtundu wake weniweni pang'onopang'ono kupita mtunda pansi moto kuchokera zida zankhondo German Anapereka chakudya kwa mzinda anazinga. magalimoto ambiri anapita pansi ayezi, koma mzinda anapulumutsidwa chifukwa mosalephera kuti mwambo wopereka lodziwika bwino "lorry".

Pambuyo chiyambi cha Wachiwiri World nkhondo Gorky galimoto Bzalani wayamba yopanga magalimoto ankhondo mu mawonekedwe chosavuta. Ankadwala kuchepa ozizira adagulung'undisa zitsulo, ndi kusowa kwa angapo zigawo zikuluzikulu. Usilikali "lorry" analibe zitseko - m'malo anaika zikwangwani lona, mapiko kutsogolo chopangidwa kuchokera ochiritsira denga chitsulo. Mabuleki anali kokha pa mawilo kumbuyo, yokutidwa msewu Getsi lakutsogolo wina. The mbali linga la thupi usakhale.

Kutha kwa kupanga

Only mu 1944 galimoto anatenga mawonekedwe wabwinobwino, panali zitseko matabwa, mabuleki yathu, headlamp chachiwiri ndi kutseka kuti uchiwo usatuluke mbali. Nkhondo itatha, "lorry" kukonzanso opangidwa lalikulu zedi, chifukwa dziko wosowa zoyendera. GAZ-AA kupanga mpaka 1956. Ndipo pa msewu, magalimoto awa kuonekera kwa woyamba 1960 pamene makina wamkulu sanachite m'malo GAZ 51.