Kodi kupanga makandulo sera ndi manja awo

Kuyambira olden anthu anali kuyang'ana pa moto, ngati mlendo. Panapita zaka zambiri, koma tsopano pamene inu muyang'ana pa malowa pali kumverera chomwecho. Koma lero tilibe angokhale campfires, kuti ife m'malo makandulo phula. Iwo kupereka malo chikhalidwe chikondi ndi kugwedezeka yosalala lawi ooneka anthu, komanso masauzande zapitazo.

Lero, pamene pali zambiri zosiyanasiyana, angathe kukhala wa sera makandulo ndi manja awo kunyumba, polenga katswiri wawo. Iwo akhoza kukhala a mosiyanasiyana, kukula kwake komanso mitundu.

zipangizo inafunika polenga makandulo paraffin

Muyenera:

• thonje ulusi;
• sera kusowetsa chekeni;
• makandulo wamba.

zinthuzi wotsika ndi angagulidwe.

zipangizo wothandiza kwa kupanga kandulo

Komabe muyenera:

• akale poto;
• thanki, kumene udzasungunuka sera;
• awiri timitengo pulasitiki kapena matabwa kusonkhezela sera ndi chingwe phiri;
• amatha kuumba kulenga kuthetheka, zingakhale zoseweretsa ana kapena makapu pulasitiki;
• zokongoletsera kukongoletsa kwa zolengedwa m'tsogolo.

Pankhaniyi, inu mukhoza kutenga zida nzeru zake yekha.

Mokoma kusankha chingwe cha

Aliyense makandulo, mpingo, phula, gel osakaniza, paraffin - ndi chingwe. Izo zizichitidwa kuchokera thonje 100%. Iyi ndi nsalu riboni kapena chingwe. Chinthu chachikulu kuti sanali gawo la synthetics. Makamaka azioneka bwino mandala akuda makandulo wicks wa osokera ulusi.

Pakuti aliyense kandulo chingwe anatola payekha. kuwuma kwake ndi makulidwe zimadalira kandulo yomwe kuwotcha kupyolera. Komanso nkhani yake. Pakuti makandulo ofunika kuchita wicks wandiweyani, amene imalukanira thonje si zolimba kwambiri. Kuti sera kapena gel osakaniza M'malo mwake, tiyenera kutsimikiza kupotoza woonda chingwe. Chotero chingwe mwa kuyaka sangasute. Kumbukirani kuti, ngati ntchito mitundu kusowetsa chekeni sera, tchipisi sangathe zidzasungunuka mu nkhaniyo kuti chingwe makandulo ndi zigoli.

Mwachidule, pali mfundo zina zabwino zambiri kuti akhoza kuzindikiridwa ntchito. Ngati chingwe wandiweyani, makandulo Sera kusuta ndi kuwotcha kudzera mofulumira kwambiri. A woonda kwambiri nthawi zambiri chimatha. Ambiri, muyenera kuyesetsa kuyesera.

Chingwe akhoza kupotokola (monga chingwe), ndi kuluka kapena plait kumumanga mbedza yake. Atangotsala pang'ono kuthira sera bwino zilowerere ulusi, koma ambiri amakhulupirira kuti chilibe ntchito ndipo monga kuzikwaniritsa sera, paraffin kapena gel osakaniza.

Mfundo kulenga kuthetheka

Kuti makandulo sera ndi manja anu, muyenera kupeza mawonekedwe abwino. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito zikho aliyense pulasitiki, zidole, ndi chimene inu mukufuna, mungapezeko Thirani sera. Komabe, beseni ayenera kupirira kutentha 100 °. Kwa nthawi yoyamba ndi bwino kutenga maonekedwe losavuta kumvetsa mfundo ya kupanga mphamvu.

Kumapeto zingwe thonje womangidwa mfundo. Pambuyo pake, pansi pa amatha kuumba ndi bowo pakati. Iwo anaikapo mu chingwe thonje kuti unit kunja. Ndipo kenako pamwamba makandulo, ndipo sadzalola sera kapena paraffin kuyenda mwa amatha kuumba pa chilengedwe chake. Komanso ndikofunikira kuti akonze kumalekezero ena a chingwe, ndilo pansi pa mankhwala yotsirizidwa. Iwo adzaikidwe pakati pa mawonekedwe. Pakuti watenga Wand aliyense, n'zotheka kutenga mmano kapena machesi. Zaikidwa kudutsa nkhungu, ndipo likulu lake akhwatchitsa kumalekezero ena a chingwe cha. Muyenera kuti kukhala pakati ndi vnatyag. Kamodzi chilichonse chili, mukhoza kuyamba kulenga makandulo.

Tiyenera mfundo m'mizere mawonekedwe. Choncho, kutenga muni, mpingo, phula, paraffin, ambiri, onse lilipo. Iwo bwino kudula mutizidutswa tating'ono ting'ono, kuti tchipisi. Amakhala mu chitini akhoza ndipo anaikidwa pa madzi osamba. Kuti linachokera ku mphika ndi madzi, kuvala moto, pambuyo otentha kuti kumiza beseni ndi mfundo makandulo. Zimakhala madzi mchikakamizo cha kutentha, ndiyeno inu mukhoza kuwathira mu nkhungu kwa kandulo. Mu ndondomekoyi, mungagwiritse ntchito chidebe aliyense, chinthu chachikulu - osati galasi.

Zipangizo makandulo ochekenera

Kuti mankhwala anali mtundu ankafunila Mwachitsanzo, mukufuna aunyinji wobiriwira nyali yofiira, buluu, kapena ngakhale Mipikisano wachikuda, ndiye muyenera kuwonjezera mu utoto. Ambiri ntchito nkhaniyi - sera ana kusowetsa chekeni. Ambiri, mungathe kugwiritsa mwina mafuta-sungunuka utoto. Ngati inu kutenga gouache kapena watercolor, iwo sali oyenera, chifukwa iwo sangakhoze zidzasungunuka mu zinthu, ndipo amangokhala tiwolokere zidutswa, kenaka n'kukakhala pansi.

Ena ojambula zithunzi ntchito kujambula katswiri awo atadzipaka mmilomo ndi mithunzi. Komabe, m'kati makandulo moto atadzipaka mmilomo fungo. Ngati okoma, ndi lalikulu mwina osati mawu a mtundu, komanso zotsatira onunkhira.

Komanso kugulitsa utoto wapadera makandulo, pamene pali zambiri mitundu ndi mithunzi. Ntchito iwo, inu mukhoza kuchita woyera ndi wakuda makandulo onse (sera kapena paraffin). Powonjezera iwo mu magawo osiyana, inu kukwaniritsa kupeza mitundu onse pastel ndi yowala, mitundu zimalimbikitsa.

Kudzaza chuma mu mawonekedwe

Ngati zonse zakonzedwa, ife chitani gawo lalikulu. Kutiumba mkati afewetsedwa ndi mafuta kapena madzi, umene ntchito dishwashing. Izi ndi kuonetsetsa kuti kandulo mazira savuta kuchotsa. Choyamba, mfundo zina udzathiridwa pansi kutseka kutsegula ndi chingwe lapansi. Ndipotu, ngati yoyenera kudzaza danga onse, sera kapena sera idzayenda kwambiri. Izi kungakhale kovuta, ndipo patenga nthawi zambiri.

Pambuyo pansi ikamauma, kutsanulira mpumulo wa sera kapena sera mpaka chimadzaza chidebe lonse. Pamene ali okonzeka, kudikira mpaka sera chazirala firiji. Motero makandulo sera ukhale pansi pang'onopang'ono wogawana. Ngati mumayesa kufulumizitsa ndondomekoyi ndi kumiza mankhwala mu mufiriji, pamwamba makandulo akhoza osokoneza amene amawononga maonekedwe ake.

Kuchotsa mphamvu ya mtundu

Tiyenera kumasula mfundo pa chingwe, kumene adzakhala pamwamba pa mankhwala, ndiye ndi zina dzanja Chikoka kwa iye. Kandulo ayenera sakukhudzidwa. Ngati mankhwala si kuchotsedwa, pali njira ziwiri: woyamba - kudula mawonekedwe, wachiwiri - kuika zonse mu mufiriji kwa mphindi ziwiri. Kenako, kamodzi kandulo kuwaza madzi otentha. Chifukwa kusintha mwadzidzidzi kutentha mosavuta ejects izo.

Ndiye chingwe ndi adzafupikitsidwa kwa gawo wolakalakika ndi matabwa adzatsale pa mawonekedwe ayenera kuthira madzi otentha - ndiye iwo zikawoneka. Komabe, mankhwala wotaya luster wapachiyambi. Choncho, pamene munakonza sera amatha kuumba kandulo ayenera kukatenga seamlessly, kotero inu analibe vuto ndi ndiyotani izo lokhazikika.

makandulo onunkhira

Amachita chimodzimodzi monga sera, koma ndi Kuwonjezera mafuta n'kofunika. Iwo ndidzadzaza kuyaka chipinda fungo lokoma. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta zofunikira, osati pinki. Panthawi kuyaka limatulutsa fungo lokhuthala lolepheretsa anthu kupuma. Sera madzi ayenera kuwonjezera kukoma anakhumba, kenako kusakaniza bwinobwino onse. Kamodzi zonse ndi yosalala, phula udzathiridwa mu nkhungu. zinthu zina zofanana kwa pamwamba.

Self-anapanga makandulo sera ali anayatsa ndi kuyang'ana zabwino kwambiri. Komabe, mukhoza kupanga Chalk izi ndi mandala mwamtheradi, ngati madzi. Iwo anapangidwa kuchokera gel osakaniza amene ali mwachindunji akukonzekera izi.

makandulo gel osakaniza

mugule mu sitolo gel osakaniza sera kulenga chozizwitsa waufulu. Koma ngati inu mukufuna n'zosavuta kuti kunyumba. Izi zimafuna:

• madzi;
• utoto;
• glycerol;
• gelatin.

Tengani mbali 5 a gelatin (kwenikweni colorless) ndi kusungunuka m'madera 20 a madzi. Ndiye muyenera kuwonjezera magawo 25 a glycerin ndi kusonkhezera zonse bwinobwino, ndiyeno kuonekere mandala chofunikira. Kuti izo Chinawonjezeka mbali 2 a utoto, amene ali chisanadze kusungunuka m'madera 10 glycerol. Chikadzangotha pawiri la aumbike matope precipitate anapanga amene Mwamsanga pansi Reflux. Atalenga izo kusakaniza bwino udzathiridwa mu nkhungu monga makandulo ochiritsira sera, kupanga zimene tinakambirana pamwamba.

Mtundu makandulo zikhoza kupangidwa ngakhale chidwi kwambiri ndi kuwonjezera ochekenera. Choncho, iwo angaperekedwe mawu odekha kwa mtundu uliwonse. Ndipo inu mukhoza kutsanulira kusakaniza mu uncured osiyana mtundu chiwembu kupeza chongoyerekeza abstraction.