Kodi kudziwa resistors mphamvu. Mphamvu resistors mogwirizana kufanana

zonse zamagetsi akupanga resistors, ndi chinthu chawo chachikulu. Atatero, kusintha kuchuluka kwa panopa mu dera magetsi. Nkhaniyi akupereka katundu wa resistors, ndi mphamvu ya njira mawerengedwe.

kusankhidwa resistor

Kusintha resistors panopa ntchito m'madera magetsi. Mundawu ndi chimafotokozera malamulo Ohm akuti:

Ine = U / R (1)

Kuyambira chilinganizo (1) zimasonyeza bwinobwino kuti ang'onoang'ono kulimbikira, m'pamenenso ukuwonjezeka panopa, ndipo Kwenikweni Zing'onozing'ono R, wamkulu pano. Ndi chuma ichi cha kulimbikira magetsi ntchito okonza magetsi. Pamaziko a chilinganizo awa panopa wogawira dera amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu zipangizo zamagetsi.

M'dera uyu pano kuchokera ku gwero lagawidwa awiri inversely njila kwa resistances wa resistors.

Komanso panopa kusintha resistors ntchito za wogawira voteji. Pankhaniyi, kachiwiri ntchito malamulo Ohm, koma mawonekedwe yosiyaniranapo:

U = Ine ∙ R (2)

Kuyambira chilinganizo (2) kuti kumawonjezera ndi kuwonjezeka kukana voteji. Mundawu ntchito kumanga madera dividers voteji.

Kuchokera chithunzi ndi chilinganizo (2) zikuonekeratu kuti voteji kudutsa resistors ndi anagawira mogwirizana ndi resistances lapansi.

Image resistors ziwembu

Malinga ndi resistors muyezo awa akuimira ndi rectangle ndi miyeso ya 10 × 4 mamilimita ndipo amaimira kalata R. resistors mphamvu chiwembu nthawi zambiri amasonyeza. Chifanizo cha chizindikiro ichi imagwiridwa ndi dashes mwachindunji kapena oblique. Ngati mphamvu ya 2 Watts, zoti zichitike mu mawerengero achiroma. Izi kawiri kawiri zimachitika pa resistors waya. Ena amanenera, mwachitsanzo mu United States, zizindikiro zina amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Magawowa kukonza ndi kusanthula chiwembu ndi amaitchulatchula mphamvu resistors, akuti limene anachita mogwirizana ndi GOST 2.728-74.

Luso makhalidwe a zipangizo

Khalidwe lalikulu la resistor wa - mwadzina kukana R _N, amene anasonyeza mu chithunzi pafupi ndi resistor ndi nyumba yake. Unit ya muyeso wa kukana - TH kilo ndi Mega. Chopangidwa resistors ndi kukana kwa tuzigawo twa mazana ohms ndi megohms. Pali zambiri luso resistor kupanga onsewo ali ndi ubwino ndi kuipa. Mfundo palibe luso umene ungampange ndendende kubala resistor ndi phindu anakonzeratu kukana.

A zofunika khalidwe lachiwiri ndi kuchimwa kukana. Iwo amayezedwa% ya R. osiyanasiyana mwadzina Pali muyezo impedance kupatuka: ± 20, ± 10, ± 5, ± 2, ± 1%, ndi kukwera kwa mtengo wa ± 0.001%.

khalidwe lina lofunika ndi resistors mphamvu. Kuntchito iwo usavutike mwa kudutsa panopa kupyolera mwa iwo. Ngati mphamvu madyaidya ndikuledzera kuposa phindu kololeka, ndiye chipangizo ukulephera.

Ndi resistors Kutentha kusintha kukana kwawo, kotero zipangizo zikugwira ntchito mu lonse kutentha osiyanasiyana, umayamba khalidwe linanso - koyefishienti kutentha kukana. Iwo amayezedwa ppm / ° C, i.e. 10 ^-6 R _N / ° C (miliyoni mbali ya R _N 1 ° C).

kugwirizana siriyo wa resistors

resistors akhoza olumikizidwa mwa njira zitatu zosiyana: siriyo, kufanana ndi kusakaniza. Ndi mndandanda kugwirizana panopa alternately umadutsa resistors onse.

Ndi kugwirizana panopa pamalo alionse dera ali yemweyo, akhoza kumatanthauza ndi lamulo Ohm a. The impedance dera mu nkhani iyi ndi Uwerenge resistances:

R = 200 + 100 + 51 + 39 = 390 ohms;

Ine = U / R = 100/390 = 0.256 A.

Ife tsopano tikhoza kudziwa resistors mphamvu mu nkhani kugwirizana, ndi masamu mfundo:

P = I ² ∙ R = 0,256 ² 390 ∙ = 25,55 Watts.

Mofananamo, mphamvu otsalira anatsimikiza mtima resistors ndi:

P ₁ = Ine ₁ ² ∙ R ² = ^0,256 = ^13,11 ∙ 200 W;

P ₂ = I ² ∙ R ₂ = 0.256 ² ∙ 100 W = 6,55;

₃ P = I ² ∙ R ₃ = 0,256 ² ∙ 51 = 3.34 W;

P ₄ = I ² ∙ R ₄ = 0.256 ∙ ² 39 = 2.55 Watts.

Ngati inu kuwonjezera resistors mphamvu, iwe P zonse:

P = 13,11 + 6,55 + 3,34 + 2,55 = 25,55 Watts.

Kugwirizana yomweyi resistors

Kumayambiriro mgwirizano yomweyi resistors onse olumikizidwa kwa mfundo yomweyo dera, ndi malekezero - mzake. Pamene chikugwirizana nthambi panopa ndi umayenda mwa aliyense chipangizo. Kuchuluka kwa panopa mogwirizana ndi chilamulo Ohm, ndi inversely njila kwa resistances ndi voteji pa resistors chomwecho.

Musanayambe kupeza panopa, m'pofunika kuwerengera madutsidwe onse a resistors wa chilinganizo odziwika:

1 / R = 1 / R ₁ + 1 / R ₂ + 1 / R ₃ + 1 / R _{= 1/200 + 4 1/} 100 + 1/51 + 1/39 = 0.005 + 0.01 + 0.0196 + 0.0256 0.06024 = 1 / Ohm.

Kukana - ndi osiyanitsidwa wa madutsidwe:

R = 1 / 0,06024 = 16,6 ohms.

Pogwiritsa ntchito lamulo Ohm a, kupeza panopa kudzera gwero:

Ine = U / R = 100 ∙ 0,06024 = 6,024 A.

Podziwa pano mwa mphamvu gwero ogwirizana mu kufanana kwa resistors wa njira:

P = I ² ∙ R = 6,024 ² ∙ 16,6 = 602,3 Watt.

Malinga ndi malamulo Ohm ndi apano kudzera resistor ndi kuchita masamu:

Ine ₁ = U / R ₁ = 100/200 = 0.5 A;

Ine ₂ = U / R ₂ = 100/100 = 1 A;

₃ Ine = U / R ₁ = _100/51 = _1,96 A;

Ine ₁ = U / R ₁ = _100/39 = _2,56 A.

Pang'ono chilinganizo osiyana kuwerengera resistors mphamvu mogwirizana yomweyi:

P ₁ = U ² / R ₁ = 100 ^2/200 = 50 W;

P ₂ = U ² / R ^₂ = 100 _2/100 = 100 W;

P ₃ = U ² / R ^₃ = 100 _2/51 = _195,9 W;

₄ P = U ² / R ^₄ = 100 _2/39 = _256,4 Watts.

Ngati zonse izi kuwonjezera, iwe resistors onse mphamvu:

P = P ₁ + P ₂ + P ₃ + P _{= 50 + 4 100 + 195.9 +} 256.4 = 602.3 Watts.

wosanganiza pawiri

Chiwembu osokonezeka pawiri resistors akupanga yotsatana ndi munthawi yomweyo kugwirizana yomweyi. chiwembu n'zosavuta kuti atembenuke, m'malo kugwirizana yomweyi resistor mu mndandanda. M'malo ichi poyamba kukana R ₂ ndi R ₆ pa R awo wamba _2.6, pogwiritsa ntchito njira pansipa:

R _2,6 = R ₂ ∙ R ₆ / R ₂ + R _6.

Mofananamo m'malo ndi awiri resistors kufanana R _4, R _5, R ndi _4.5:

R _4,5 = R ₄ ∙ R ₅ / R ₄ + R _5.

Chifukwa ndi watsopano, wosavuta dera. machenjerero onse ali pansipa.

Mphamvu resistors mu chiwembu osokonezeka pawiri kumatanthauza mfundo:

P = U ∙ I.

Kuwerengetsa chilinganizo awa voteji woyamba kudutsa aliyense resistor ndi ukulu wa therethrough panopa. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito njira ina kudziwa resistors mphamvu. Pakuti chilinganizo ichi ntchito:

P = U ∙ Ine = (I ∙ R) ∙ Ine = I ² ∙ R.

Ngati inu mukudziwa kokha voteji kudutsa resistor, ndiye ntchito chilinganizo osiyana:

P = U ∙ Ine = U ∙ (U / R) = U ² / R.

mitunduyi onse atatu kawirikawiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito mchitidwe.

magawo yowerengera dera

magawo yowerengera dera ndi kupeza mafunde osadziwika voltages ku nthambi zonse za mbali dera. Deta ndi ichi, ife tikhoza kuwerengera mphamvu iliyonse resistor ali m'gulu dera la. Zambiri mawerengedwe njira mwasonyezedwa pamwamba, kuchita zinthu zovuta.

M'madera kwenikweni kugwirizana wamba resistors nyenyezi ndi ankadziwana, amene amalenga mavuto ndithu mu kuwerengetsera lapansi. Pakuti kusintha ngati madera kusintha njira Star makona yapangidwa, ndi mosemphanitsa. njira Izi zikufotokozeredwa mu chithunzi pansipa:

Chiwembu woyamba ali mu kapangidwe kake wa nyenyezi olumikizidwa kwa mayunitsi 0-1-3. K mfundo 1 chikugwirizana ndi resistor R1, kwa mfundo 3 - R3, ndi mfundo 0 - R5. Pa dera chachiwiri olumikizidwa kwa mfundo 1-3-0 makona resistors. Kwa mfundo 1 chikugwirizana resistors R1-0 ndi R1-3, kuti mfundo 3 - R1-3 ndi R3-0, ndi mfundo 0 - R3-0 ndi R1-0. machenjerero awa awiri ali ndi ofanana.

Pakuti kusintha kwa wadera woyamba ku makona lachiwirili resistors Calculated:

R1-0 = R1 + R5 + R1 ∙ R5 / R3;

R1-3 = R1 + R3 + R1 ∙ R3 / R5;

R3-0 = R3 + R5 + R3 ∙ R5 / R1.

masinthidwe winanso kuchepetsedwa kwa mawerengedwe a resistors kufanana ndi mndandanda-olumikizidwa. Pamene impedance a dera chipezeka, anapeza mwa lamulo Ohm ndi apano kudzera gwero. Pogwiritsa ntchito lamulo limeneli, n'zosavuta kupeza mafundewo mu nthambi zonse.

Kodi kudziwa mphamvu ya resistor pambuyo kupeza mafunde onse? Chifukwa chaichi, odziwika chilinganizo: P = I ² ∙ R, ntchito, kupeza mphamvu zawo kwa aliyense kukana ake.

Experimental mtima makhalidwe a zinthu dera

anafunika kusonkhanitsa anakonzeratu chiwembu cha mbali kwenikweni kwa mtima komanso makhalidwe Napempha kwa nyengo. Pambuyo pake, mothandizidwa ndi zipangizo zamagetsi ntchito miyezo zonse zofunikira. Njira iyi ndi nthawi yambiri ndi mtengo. Kutukula zipangizo za magetsi ndi zipangizo ntchito simulators cholinga. Ndi iwo anapangidwa kuwerengetsera zonse zofunikira, ndipo amatsatira khalidwe la zinthu dera munyengo zosiyanasiyana. Pokhapokha izi ndi zinachitika kwa chipangizo luso. Imodzi mwa ndondomeko wamba ndi amphamvu kayeseleledwe wa Multisim 14,0 System National Zida kampani.

Kodi kudziwa resistors mphamvu ndi pulogalamu imeneyi? Izi zikhoza kuchitika mu njira ziwiri. Yoyamba njira - ndi kuyeza panopa ndi voteji ndi voltmeter ndi ammeter. Yochulutsa zotsatira za miyezo, mphamvu chofunika analandira.

Kuchokera ku dera lino ndiyo kukana R3 mphamvu:

P ₃ = U ∙ Ine = 1.032 ∙ 0,02 = 0,02064 W = 20,6 MW.

Njira ya chiwiri - muyeso mwachindunji mphamvu ntchito mphamvu mita.

Kuchokera ku dera lino izo zikusonyeza kuti kukana R3 ndi wofanana mphamvu P ₃ = 20.8 MW. Kulakwika chifukwa cha zolakwa mu njira yoyamba kwambiri. Mofananamo, mphamvu ya nyengo atsala zotsimikizika.