Hippocrates: yonena ndi mphatso za sayansi ya zamoyo

The wakale Greek dokotala Hippocrates, amene yonena walembedwa m'munsimu, anasiya amaonekera pa nkhani ya zamankhwala. Zikuoneka kuti kutchuka kwake anali ndithu pa moyo wake, za 2.5 zikwi zapitazo. Komabe, mfundo zolondola zokhudza Hippocrates pafupifupi wapita. The yonena loyamba la mchiritsi Greek linalembedwa zaka mazana ambiri pambuyo pa imfa yake. Amagwiritsidwanso sadayidziwa zimene zintchito linalembedwa ndi Hippocrates. Komabe, kufunika kwake kwa chitukuko cha mankhwala ndi zovuta Musaone.

A dokotala bondo chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chiwiri

Palibe mfundo yeniyeni za malo Hippocrates anabadwa. Wambiri olembedwa ndi Soran Efeso zaka 600 pambuyo pa imfa ya dokotala limasonyeza kuti chilumba cha Ko. Moti Hippocrates anabadwa padziko 460 BC. e. Ambiri mwa mfundo Soran, akusonyeza kuti wolemba ali popeza mfundo akusowa ntchito mwawo. Today amaona mfundo zoona kuti Hippocrates kubanja la madokotala. Anali mbadwa mu chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chiwiri bondo Asclepius kwambiri. Mchiritsi bambo anali Heraclides, amene mtundu natsogozedwa ku Hercules.

Nthawi zambiri mu mabuku amene angathe kupeza dzina la "Hippocrates II». Choncho mchiritsi dzina lake monga Hippocrates ndinali agogo ake, ndipo bambo wake amene anaphunzitsa achinyamata mankhwala. A zambiri chidziwitso, kusiya nyumba pa Ko anagula ndi Knidos. Mwa aphunzitsi Hippocratic kutchulidwa Gerodik ndi wosokoneza Gorgias.

akungoyendayenda dokotala

Hippocrates sanasangalale pa nthaka kuyembekezera odwala. Nzeru ndi luso iye anayamba, ndipo amayenda mzinda ndi mzinda. Pa masana awa, ndipo apo panali ulemerero wa mchiritsi wamkulu. Mu ena amanena Greek amati Hippocrates atachoka pa chilumbacho cha Ko, chifukwa kumeneko iye mlandu anachita kuwotcha dala. Tsopano kutsimikizira deta izi sizingatheke. umboni zotsalira za dokotala amayenda ndi zimene zinachitika mu buku lake "mliri", amene amati Hippocrates, popitirira kuchilumba mbadwa ya Ko pa Thasos ndi mzinda wa Abdera.

Malo akufuna ndi nthawi ya imfa

Dokotala wakale Greek Hippocrates, malinga ambiri amanena, anakhala ndi moyo wautali, ngakhale ndi miyezo yamakono ya moyo. Olemba biographies kusagwirizana pa zaka enieni limene iye anafa. Wotchedwa nambala 83, 90, 104. Ndi zotheka, kotero mwaulemu zaka - umboni luntha, amene anatchuka chifukwa Hippocrates. mbiri yake nthawi zambiri anamaliza zikusonyeza kuti dokotala anakhala zaka zingapo zapitazi mu Larrise. Pali anamwalira, mwina chaka chimodzi kuchokera Democritus (za 370 BC. E.).

Hippocrates: chopereka kwa zamoyo ndi mankhwala

Malinga ndi mbiri yakale, ku Greece, panthawi zosiyanasiyana moyo madokotala asanu dzina lake Hippocrates. Kudziwa ntchito kupulumuka wa mankhwala limabweretsa wina wa iwo, lero sizingatheke. M'masiku awo sanali yovomerezeka kulemba ndemanga sayansi. The ntchito odziwika mankhwala a masiku amakedzana amatchedwa "Hippocratic Corpus," koma si nkhani ya wolemba wina, ndi mndandanda wa ntchito za asing'anga ochepa. Iye usilikali mu III. BC. e. mu Alexandria. Collection wa 72 nkhani zachipatala amaphatikiza mawu, zinalembedwa chilankhulo Ionian Chigiriki ndi m'ma V-IV. BC. e.

Mwa chopereka tsopano zimachitika Hippocrates 4 ntchito kokha:

• "Aphorisms";
• "Mliri";
• "Prognostics";
• "Pa mpweya, madzi, m'madera."

Choyamba mwa zinthuzi ndi yekhayo amene olemba ndi chikhulupiriro chachikulu limabweretsa Hippocrates. "Aphorisms" ndi mndandanda wa malangizo ndi kuyang'anila mwina anatengedwa kuchokera ku ntchito zina. Pano mukhoza kupeza watero nthanthi chikhalidwe ndi mankhwala malipoti zolondola.

"Prognostics" chinali chiyambi cha matenda. ntchito limasonyeza ndizosowa mankhwala Greek. Hippocrates, mu zamoyo ndi mankhwala wasiya chizindikiro chake, woyamba kufotokoza njira mosamala mtima ndi kuwunika iwo, mungachite kuti chitukuko cha matenda osiyanasiyana, zizindikiro zawo khalidwe ndi mankhwala.

Kuti timve bwino lomwe zambiri za kudziwika pamene matenda Gippokrat chifukwa mu "mliri". Mwa matenda 42 m'gulu panganolo, pali Venereal, chimfine ndi khungu, komanso ziwalo zosiyanasiyana, kumwa ndi zina zotero.

Anayi Hippocratic makhalidwe

The lonena "Pa mpweya, madzi, madera" kwa nthawi yoyamba mu mbiri limafotokoza mphamvu ya chilengedwe pa thanzi, ndi anthu ena sachedwa matenda enieni. Mu ntchito iyi ife anafotokoza ziphunzitso za Hippocrates ya timadziti anayi thupi: ya ndulu, phlegm, wakuda ya ndulu ndi magazi. Predominance ya aliyense wa iwo chimachititsa matenda mu chamoyo ndi, kutengera za matenda ena. Mu Middle Ages, pa maziko a chiphunzitso chimenechi anali lingaliro la makhalidwe anayi:

• sanguine (magazi chimapambana);
• phlegmatic (ntchofu);
• choleric (ya ndulu);
• wozingwa (wakuda ya ndulu).

Chiphunzitsochi nthawi zambiri zimachitika Hippocrates, izo siziri zoona. Sing'anga anagawa anthu osati zenizeni za chilengedwe ndi kutengera za matenda.

Hippocrates, amene yonena wapatsidwa m'nkhani, maziko a kufupi sayansi mankhwala. dzina lake ali pa ndime ndi Ahelene chachikulu: Aristotle, Socrates, Democritus, ndi Pericles.