GPU: mawu olembedwa akale ndi atsopano

Kodi ntchito? - The GPU! Chinawathandiza kumvetsa n'chakuti chidule izi masiku ano vuto lililonse kwathunthu. Ndi chidule cha Orenburg State Pedagogical University. Apa timaphunzitsa achinyamata kubzala wololera, chabwino, wamuyaya, kumanga ubale wabwino ndi achinyamata ndipo zambiri zimene inu muyenera tsiku ndi tsiku ... Akutsatira Psychology, mwachitsanzo. Ndipo mpata kulandira chivomerezo makamaka. Ndipo panali nthawi m'makalata anayi ena amasangalatsa, pamene ena - mantha.

OGPU mpaka 1930 - Orenburg Institute of Education

Mbiri ya Orenburg Pedagogical University lidatseguka Grozny mu 1919, pa Civil nkhondo, akuyaka m'dziko lonse la ufumu wakale Russian. Anayambitsa chilengedwe cha m'banja anali VY Struminsky, yemwe anadzakhala membala lolingana wa USSR Academy of Sciences ndi Dokotala wa Science. Ndiyeno chirichonse linali losavuta: maphunziro anatenga ophunzira makumi asanu zana limodzi, ambiri a iwo ngakhale amadziwa kuwerenga ndi kulemba si zabwino kwambiri. Pansi ndi Out koma vuto anayamba!

State udindo OGPI ndi OGPU

Pambuyo 1930 OINO (maphunziro onse) walandira udindo boma. Chikuwonjezeka malo ake, amaphatikiza ndi zolimbitsa thupi kale. Ndi apa maphunziro Malenkov GM - wotchuka chipani chithunzi Stalin nyengo, wotanganidwa atafa "tate wa mitundu ya anthu" positi predsovmina (kuika mu mawu amakono - Nduna yayikulu).

Maphunziro ndinapita mu mmasate oyambirira kudzera m'makalata, madzulo ndi tsiku nthawi. Agronomy kugwira ntchito, thupi, luso, mankhwala ndi chilengedwe ndi chikhalidwe Literature zochitachita. OGPU, ndiye bungwe ili sakutchedwa. Iye anali basi Orenburg pedinom kapena OGPI.

Today anapatsidwa udindo yunivesite. Zochitachita anali khumi ndi zitatu, maphunziro nyumba - m'zipinda zogona asanu - atatu, ambiri, bungwe lalikulu ndi kulemekezedwa.

Osati bwino, koma dzina lowopsya

Koma osati dzina la bungwe la zobisika kuseri zilembo zinayi yosavuta - OGPU. Decoding ya chidule izi (United State Administration Political pansi pa Sovnarkom) linali lodziwika bwino kwa anthu Soviet kuyambira 1923. M'nthawi ya zaka zitatu m'gulu wamphamvu kutsogozedwa ndi mkulu woyang'anira za chitetezo dziko F. E. Dzerzhinsky, pambuyo amene imfa m'malo ndi VR Menzhinsky. Mutu wotsatira wa OGPU anali GG Berry, yemwe, mosiyana ndi anzake amene analipo m'mbuyomo, sanafe ku matenda, ndi chipolopolo. Iye anawomberedwa ndi khoti chiweruzo.

mbali GPU mu zaka Stalin

Zolinga za dongosolo mphamvu ndi yomveka, iwo nkomwe mu malamulo mu 1924. Malinga ndi mutu wa chinayi wa Article 61, ntchito yokonza kukhazikika ndipo polimbana banditry amati ndi NKVD Republican (pamene panali mabuku anayi okha). Kauntala-chosintha ntchito ndi espionage, ndipo makamaka, kuwalaka akhala kusamalira OGPU USSR. Chinawathandiza kumvetsa n'chakuti achidule pa izo silinena kuti - kasamalidwe ndale, koma pakati pake penipeni thupi ili ndi utumiki wa chitetezo cha dziko, amene pambuyo pake anadzatchedwa, kuitana choyamba Ministry (MGB), ndipo pa Khrushchev m'firiji pamtunda, Committee (KGB , cm).

The OGPU, NKVD wosiyana

Mu USSR, kumeneko kwakhala kusiyana pakati pa apolisi ndi mabungwe chitetezo boma, ngakhale mu zaka pamene asilikali a chitetezo yokhala anagonjera utsogoleri limodzi. Iye anamenyana ndi zinthu odana Soviet, akazitape (kapena amene anali ofanana iwo), saboteurs, ndi chabe ofalitsa ena anecdotes yoopsa OGPU. NKVD ankachita nawo zinthu zambiri wamba: kufufuza la milandu (wakuba, kupha), kubweretsa zomenya udindo, majeremusi, zidakwa ndi ena "zotsala za dziko lakale." Koma Stalin "ndale apolisi" Osangopereka kumenyana kutsogolo wosaoneka ameneyu, ntchito zake, kuphatikizanso, ndi ulamuliro wa apolisi.

kufufuza za OGPU

Koma osati kusaka kwa unlucky "adani a anthu" ndi Amateurs osasamalira anecdotes chinkhoswe OGPU. Chinawathandiza kumvetsa n'chakuti radiograms chenicheni azondi German, ntchito mawunikidwe, kusonkhanitsa nzeru, ndi ntchito zambiri tcheru boma zimagwiridwa ndi madipatimenti apadera a pakati Moscow. I. V. Stalin kunyndira mndandanda wa nkhani zachinsinsi za lankhanza ntchito Soviet wa bungwe lirilonse chimodzi. Soviet nzeru kunja zinthu paokha, panali angapo. Zofunika kwambiri cha zofunika za chikhalidwe njira anali Comintern, koma kunja opareshoni, ndi zina amanena, omwe ankadziwika ndi AIDS (Main Intelligence Directorate ya General ndodo ya Red Army, 5 dipatimenti GUGB, ndiye 1st directorate wa NKGB, 4. NKVD, etc.) . Wolimba Soviet alonda nzeru za OGPU chinathandiza kugonjetsa Nazism.

Mabaibulo Folk wa decryption

Today chidule za Omsk State Pedagogical University kuseka mosavuta, chifukwa palibe munthu adzalanga. Ndine skits zedi ambiri wophunzira ndi KVNy kuchita popanda nthabwala za zinthu zosiyanasiyana zosangalatsa mankhwala zilembo zazikulu zinayi (mokweza kwambiri Mphunzitsi anagwa Mfundo - The chizindikiro chachikulu cha nzeru, etc ...) Mu nthawi Stalin munali mawu ndi achidule mu kulemekeza zomwe zikuonetsa nthabwala zinali zoopsa kwambiri. Koma anthu nthabwala, ngakhale kuopsa "miphika anayamba kugogoda pa m'misasa," ngakhale pa GPU lapansi. Chinawathandiza kumvetsa n'chakuti dzina woopsayu zingakhoze kukhala zosiyana, "unscrew mutu - Yesani Kuthawa," "autumn, poyera Birds amauluka", "Apanso Nzika Party upekli." - naŵa dongosolo wowerengeka kusonyeza chilungamo kuti "The scarier chotonzedwa zambiri"