Ndi nematodes m'nthaka chiyani? polimbana iwo

chaka chilichonse ambiri ayamba kuchita kulima zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba pa chiwembu chawo. Yokolola anali wolemera, zomera ayenera kupereka chisamaliro yoyenera. Mmodzi wa tizirombo ambiri akuimira ngozi yaikulu kwambiri m'munda ndi nematodes m'nthaka. polimbana ndi iwo (chithunzi zotsatira za tizirombo amenewa awoneka ndithu wowopsa) akhoza zochokera ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana Komabe, mosadalira iwo, nthawi zofunika kwambiri kudziwa majeremusi izi. Apo ayi, nematodes kungachititse kuti amalize chiwonongeko cha zomera ndipo amavutitsa kwambiri kuti thanzi la munthu ndi nyama zoweta, nyama.

zambiri

Musanayambe kuyang'ana mu njira kulamulira tizirombo izi, muyenera kulankhula za mmene angapezere nematodes zithunzi m'nthaka omwe sangathe kusokonezedwa ndi tizilombo ina.

Okwana pali za makumi atatu mitundu ya nematodes, amene akhoza kugawidwa m'magulu atatu:

• matenda zomera;
• owopsa kwa nyama;
• loopsa kwa anthu.

M'nkhaniyi, tiona nematodes kuti kupatsira zomera. Chakudya cha tizirombo izi amachita kuyamwa, kotero kukula ndi chitukuko kwambiri mochedwa. Ngati nthawi sayamba polimbana nematodes, mbewu chabe kuwonongeka. Iwo amapereka lingaliro la Kuyang'ana kwa nematodes mu chithunzi nthaka. Kodi kuthana ndi tizirombo izi, ayenera kudziwa mlimi aliyense. Mukuyenera kukhala ndi chithunzithunzi cha njira zofunika kupewa.

Kufotokozera za zizindikiro kunja nematodes

Nematodes - nyongolotsi m'litali kuchokera millimeters limodzi kapena awiri. Akazi ndi amuna amasiyana maonekedwe ndi mzake kukula kwawo. Choyamba, iwo pang'ono kutalika. mawonekedwe mphutsi za thupi kukhala kuzungulira, chowulungika kapena oblong, ulusi-ngati.

Nematodes m'nthaka (kumenyana iwo akhoza kukhala yosiyanasiyana) mwayera ndi beige. Nyongolotsi bwino anayamba dongosolo akulu ndi m'chimake zodzitetezera amene ali osalimba mkulu. Mutu mphutsi ndi laling'ono kwambiri mu kukula, ali ndi pakamwa kusuntha, amene tizirombo ndi chakudya.

Nematodes kubereka kuika mazira mtundu woyera, amene angathe kukhala wozungulira kapena mawonekedwe chowulungika. Mphutsi zikuoneka sali ngati akulu, ndi mutu woyera ndi thupi mandala.

Nematodes ku dothi limene chithunzi amayang'ana zonyansa kwambiri, ndi bwino anayamba tanthauzo la kukhudza, chifukwa chakuti thupi lawo zophimbidwa ndi tentacles. Tizirombo amakonda wouma ndi kutentha microclimate, umene uli yabwino kwa kuswana ndi kuika mazira.

mitundu ya nematodes

Akuyendera ku kulingalira njira waukulu kulamulira tizirombo izi, muyenera kumvetsa zimene mitundu awo kulibe. Kuwonjezera gulu zofunika nematodes m'nthaka (polimbana iwo ndi yovuta kwambiri), kudya zomera, pali mitundu zotsatirazi:

• pepala;
• mapulaniwo;
• mizu.

Nkofunika kuzindikira kuti mtundu uliwonse mphutsi izi ngozi ku dziko lonse la zomera. Iwo akhoza bwanji m'munda ndi masamba mbewu zonse, komanso zomera m'nyumba. Vital ntchito za nematodes onse mwamtheradi yemweyo, koma pali kusiyana mu maonekedwe komanso zokonda kwa malo.

nematodes foliar

mtundu limakula mphutsi okha 1 millimeter, ndipo thupi ali mawonekedwe a filaments ndi beige mtundu. Moyo pa masamba a zomera, amene kudya ndi. Mapepala nematode ndi ambiri mbali yathu ya tiziromboti amatha mavuto kwambiri zomera iliyonse.

Kodi kudziwa ngati nematodes foliar m'munda?

Maonekedwe pa nematodes chiwembu m'nthaka (nkhondo ndi iwo akupereka mavuto kwa wamaluwa ambiri) limodzi ndi mbali zotsatirazi:

• masamba wotaya mtundu mwake wokutidwa ndi zofiirira mawanga;
• masamba ayamba potelani;
• petioles kukula kukula;
• chomera limayamba kukula ndi kubala zipatso zoipa;
• masamba panthawi maluwa wokutidwa mawanga zofiirira;
• pa underside wa masamba kuoneka mawanga glossy, kenako kukhala bulauni.

Ngati nthawi sayamba kumenyana tizirombo, zomera pang'onopang'ono kufota ndi kwathunthu limawola n'kusanduka ndi nthawi. Pankhaniyi, yankho la vuto ili ayenera kulankhula comprehensively, monga nematodes m'nthaka (polimbana iwo zovuta) akhoza kusamutsa chisanu ndiponso chaka chamawa adzayamba kuti umeze zomera zina.

Adalipo amachitira tsamba nematodes

Monga tanena kale, izi mphutsi parasitic akhoza kuukira mitundu iliyonse mwamtheradi wa zomera, koma nthawi zambiri iwo kuukira zomera zotsatirazi:

• strawberries;
• chrysanthemum;
• m'nyumba fern;
• maluwa;
• mtengo wa ndalama;
• aster;
• dahlia;
• carnation.

Choncho, ngati inu zikugwira kulima mbewu izi, ndikofunika patsogolo kugwira miyeso zina zodzitetezera chitetezo awo ndi nematodes. Pa iwo nkhani zotsatirazi.

nematode

Tsinde nematodes dothi la zomera m'nyumba sizachilendo kwambiri, anakumana alimi ambiri. mtundu mphutsi kukula kwa kutalika millimeter wina. Amakhudza zimayambira, masamba ndi maluwa zomera, azikwera kudzera pomwepo kenaka lapansi.

Kukhalapo kwa tizirombo amenewa amapezeka pa mawonetseredwe zotsatirazi:

• chomera kukula kubweza pansi;
• kuchuluka tsinde makulidwe, amene mtundu chimazilala;
• ukufalikira masamba mwamsanga kufota ndi kuguluka;
• pakalibe miyeso aliyense kulimbana ndi tizirombo zifanso maluwa.

Tsinde nematodes amakonda chinyezi, koma ngakhale ali ndi moyo kwa ndithu nthawi yaitali m'mikhalidwe aliyense nyengo. Nthawi zambiri, mphutsi za mitundu ndi parasitic pa mbewu masamba.

muzu mfundo nematodes

Muzu nematode ali ndi gawo lalikulu kwambiri thupi, amene ali achikasu kapena bulauni mtundu ndi angafikire kutalika 2 mm, motero kuwasiyanitsa ndi mitundu ina lophweka. tizilombo Izi ndi owopsa kwa zomera chifukwa limakhudza dongosolo lawo mizu. Pankhaniyi, mmera kwathunthu ikutha kukula, ndipo pang'onopang'ono zokha, mpaka pa nthawi ndi sadzafa.

Kodi ndi ngozi ndi nematodes kwa zomera?

Tisanakambirane mmene kuchotsa nematodes m'nthaka, m'pofunika kulankhula za mupewe ngozi ya tizirombo izi zomera ndi. Kudya zomera, nyongolotsi, pamodzi ndi madzi limachokera mwa iwo zakudya zonse. Komanso, mankhwala kungotaya tizirombo izi ndi amphamvu poizoni, zomera zakupha, zomwe kutaya mawonekedwe zawo ndi mtundu, Kusiya kukula ndi kukhala, ndi kubweretsa kwambiri ang'onoang'ono yokolola.

zovuta zonse kulamulira nematodes ndi pamaso pawo zovuta kudziwa m'nthawi yake. Kuti apoyera zimenezi sizingatheke chifukwa chochepa. Leaf ndi mapulaniwo mphutsi Tingaone kokha kupyolera mu galasi lokulitsira, ndi muzu zimapezeka mu nthaka, kotero kukumba ndi mbewu konse. mizu mu nkhani iyi lidzadzala ndi zisindikizo bulauni.

Dziwani kuti chifukwa mankhwala poizoni tochoka ndi nematodes, pa khungu angaoneke amayaka ndipo kuyabwa, choncho onetsetsani kuti ntchito zovala ndi zazitali manja ndi magolovesi pamene tikuchita ndi mphutsi.

tizilombo kasamalidwe

Mlimi aliyense ndipo nyakulima chidwi funso mmene kuthana ndi nematodes m'nthaka. Zimenezi ndi kovuta, choncho ngati muli amphamvu kwambiri anakhudzidwa zomera kuteteza kufala kwa tizilombo mu chikhalidwe wapafupi ndi bwino kulitaya.

Njira zothandiza kwambiri

wamaluwa watsopano asadamvepo za fulmigatsii, ndilo njira yabwino kwambiri kulamulira tizilombo. ndi dothi fumigation ndi nematodes chiyani? Izi zomera processing ndi nthaka yeniyeni poizoni ndi nthuzi awo. Buy Mankhwala akhoza kukhala mu shopu kulikonse kwa munda. Alimi Odziwa analimbikitsa ntchito "Nefamos", "Dimethoate" kapena "Vidat", amene sprayed zomera. Kuti bwino zinthu, mankhwala mankhwala a mbewu bwino zichitike bwino, tsiku bata. Ngati mbewu chidwi ndi nematodes muzu mfundo, mankhwala ndi kuchepetsedwa ndi madzi ndi anawonjezera dongosolo muzu. Dziwani kuti ndalama awa okha kupha mphutsi wamkulu, kotero kupopera tikulimbikitsidwa kuchita kambiri mphutsi ndi anaphanso.

njira zina polimbana ndi mphutsi

Njira mankhwala ndi kwachilengedwenso wothandizira. Ali bwino kwambiri zomera ndi anthu, chifukwa lilibe gawo la poizoni iliyonse. Mmodzi wa mankhwala yaikulu kwambiri gulu ili "Nematofagin". Pamene ntchito kuti Pamilunguyo mlingo anasonyeza ndi Mlengi. Apo ayi, chomera ungapsereze ndi kufa. Ngati muli ndi chidwi ndi funso zimene kuchiza nthaka ndi nematodes ndi kuwonongeka osachepera kwa mbewu, nthumwi kwachilengedwenso adzakhala yabwino yothetsera kupulumutsa zomera ku tizirombo.

Mu ulamuliro wa mphutsi kuti kudya pomwepo kenaka, n'zothekanso kuti ntchito kutentha mankhwala. Pakuti ichi mmera anakumba, mbali kuonongeka kwa dongosolo lawo muzu akuphedwa inatuluka pomwepo kenaka kumizidwa kwa mphindi 5 madzi usavutike madigiri 50. Komabe, nkofunika kuti ngati mphutsi anali atamumenya ambiri a dongosolo muzu, njira imeneyi kungakhale achabechabe, chifukwa kuchotsa ambiri rhizomes zomera sangathe kupulumuka.

Nditamaliza chomera kutentha mankhwala yabzalidwa pa malo atsopano. Kuti bwinobwino munakhala ndipo analephera kuti achire, pansi pa chitsime tikulimbikitsidwa kuwonjezera pang'ono za protivonematodnogo mankhwala. Mutabzala, nthaka kuti anamasuka. Izi ndi zofunika pofuna kuti dongosolo muzu wa kuchuluka kwa mpweya okwanira. Njira imeneyi ndi oyenera kulamulira nematodes zosiyanasiyana, koma nkhani ya masamba ndi tsinde mphutsi anachita processing matenthedwe masamba ndi zimayambira. Pankhaniyi, Thirani zomera ndi kuvomerezedwa.

zodzitetezera

Choncho, njira zothandiza kwambiri nematodes m'nthaka - mankhwala mankhwala, koma ndi poizoni, choncho ntchito zawo angathe kubweretsa onse apindule ndi mavuto. Choncho, polimbana ndi tizirombo, ndi bwino kuyesa kupewa asayembekezere.

Kuti tichite zimenezi, achite izi zodzitetezera:

• zonse kulimbana ndi udzu;
• kuchotsa yake wagwa masamba;
• kuchotsa masamba aliyense yellowed zomera;
• kuchita nthawi Kudzalanso;
• zonse vspushivayte dziko;
• mosamala kusankha zinthu kubzala;
• satero zomera madzi madzi kwambiri;
• aliyense yophukira kukumba infield.

Kutsatira malangizo yosavuta ndi zidule, mukhoza kupewa osati nematodes, komanso tizirombo tina ambiri.

Pomaliza

Ngati Komabe, mbewu chidwi ndi mphutsi ndipo sangathe kubwezeretsedwa, izo ayenera kutenthedwa. Ngati sanachite, mbozi kufalitsa kwa zomera zina, amene akhoza kutayika. Nkofunika nthawi kudziwa tizirombo, chifukwa ali ndi mphamvu mkulu ubereki. Choncho, ngati mukufuna munda wanu nthawi zonse kuti ndi anapereka kukolola, penyani pa nthawi iliyonse pachaka.