Khorezm dera la Uzbekistan. Akale ndi Ano

The dera kumpoto kwa Republic of Uzbekistan - Khorezm dera - ili mu otsika-atagona pa mbalambanda, limene mbali ndi ankadziwana wakale wa Amudarya mtsinje, mbali zina za kumadzulo ndi kum'mwera chakumadzulo pafupi ndi Karakum chipululu, kumene kumalire ndi Turkmenistan. Komanso kumalire dera Bukhara la Uzbekistan ndi Karakalpak m'mphepete.

m'maboma utsogoleri

Kumalire ndi Turkmenistan ndi Khorezm dera. Urgench mzinda ndi likulu lake. Small m'dera dera ndi zosakwana 2% ya Uzbekistan lonse - 6.3 zikwi sq M.. makilomita. Pa m'gawo lake pali 3 mizinda (Urgench, Khiva, Pitnak) ndi midzi 9. Total m'maboma utsogoleri (chifunga) - 11 ndi mzinda wa dera subordination Urgench. Ndi mafakitale mzinda wamakono ndi zomangamanga otukuka. Kuli anthu 163.000. Anatumikira ndi mabasi ndi magalimoto. Pakati Urgench ndi Khiva amapita interurban trolley.

Nature Khorezm

dera Khorezm lili pa magombe a Amu Darya mtsinje unasefukira, amene akutumikira monga gwero la madzi m'dera lino theka-louma. Mtsinje ukuyenda pa lathyathyathya mtunda, ali floodplain lalikulu ndi gombe mosabisa, amene anasefukira pa madzi osefukira masika. Ndiyamika mumapezeka ake lonse limene kubweretsa matope, dothi saline zokolola osauka kukolola wolemera. Madzi a Amu Darya chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ulimi wothirira. Mu Soviet Union, wamphamvu dongosolo ulimi wothirira, womwenso njira ulimi wothirira Shavat, Klychbay, Palvan-jehad, Tashsakinsky ndi ena.

m'dera South ali nyanja ambiri yaing'ono, makamaka mchere, madambo ndi m'madambo mchere atachuluka tugai - atachuluka, wopangidwa mwa popula, msondodzi, clematis, Lohan ndi zomera zina, m'madera theka chipululu. Lakes ndi zithaphwi popangidwa ndi osefukira ya m'dziko la chigumula ndi pansi. The mtsinje wolemera nsomba, ndi kunyumba kwa mlamba, chub, bream, saber nsomba, carp, udzu carp ndi mitundu ina. The mitengo riparian zimapezeka nguluwe, Bukhara nswala, hares, amphaka nkhalango, yoongoka ndi nthumwi zina za zomera.

Ulimi ndi m'mafakitale

dera Khorezm, m'madera ambiri a thonje kuti wakula ndi / ulimi, amaona kuti kukhala agro-mafakitale. anthu makamaka ndawala ulimi mayiko yothiriridwa. Ndi waukulu / × mbewu ya thonje, amene ali gawo lalikulu wa makope onse aakulu. Kuteteza topsoil ku mphepo pamodzi minda mitengo ambiri mabulosi ntchito ngati nzothandiza makamaka kuswana amakhala akutumikira monga gwero la silika yaiwisi. M'dera la mbewu zolimidwa masamba ndi zipatso. Pano pali dziko wotchuka lokoma ndi onunkhira mavwende Khorezm.

Makampani makamaka lolunjika pa processing wa ulimi, kuwonjezera, m'chigawo pali makampani popanga thonje ndi silika nsalu ndi kusoka ndi kuluka makina. Khorezm dera wakhala wotchuka onse pa dziko wotchuka Khiva makalapeti. Mu Khiva ntchito kwambiri pamphasa-kuluka kupanga.

Nedra dera wolemera mu mafuta, gasi, golide, siliva ndi zitsulo zina kawirikawiri lapansi, nsangalabwi ndi lubwe. Imachitika m'zigawo awo ndi processing.

Dziko wakale wa Khorezm

Ndikufuna kufotokozera kuti dziko la Khorezm, ngati icho chinali kutchedwa, ndipo akutchedwa tsopano - izo Khorezm dera. Urgench Zakhaladi likulu lake. Pamene mzinda wakale ndi dzina yomweyo alibe chiyambi ndipo anali makilomita 150 kuchokera pano Urgench. Koma pa zifukwa zosadziwika, Amu Darya anasintha ake ndi anthu anaisiya.

Nature m'dera alibe kukongola, koma otaya alendo zikuchulukirachulukira chaka ndi chaka. Izi ntchito ndi mbiri wakale wa Khorezm, zipilala zake zazikulu, amene anasunga, wobwezeretsedwa ndi kubweretsedwa pamaso pa alendo mu kukongola pristine. Derali nthawi zonse ntchito Maulendo mayiko pofukula kuphunzira midzi wakale, amene alipo ambiri.

Khorezm imatengedwa chopunthira cha chitukuko anthu. Ofukula zinthu zakale anapeza kuti anthu a m'dzikolo unachitikira kumbuyo mu VI-V zaka BC. Kutchula koyamba za Khorezm ali "Avesta» (I Zakachikwi BC. E.). Malinga ndi nthano, dziko limeneli linali kunyumba wotchuka Zarathustra - wansembe ndi mneneri, woyambitsa wa Chizorowasita, amene anali kupatsidwa vumbulutso la Ahura Mazida, ali mawonekedwe a "Avesta". Chipembedzo woyamba padziko lapansi.

Pa zaka, dziko la Khorezm anawona zinthu zambiri, ndi kugwa kwa chitukuko, kupambana, chiwonongeko ndi zinthu zatsopano zimene zingawathandize kukhala ndi moyo wabwino kwa mzindawo. M'mizinda ya Khorezm, Urgench ndi Khiva anayamba sayansi ndi luso. Kulimbana kosatha kwa madzi amaloledwa kulenga ntchito wakale ulimi wothirira, zasintha ndi zopanda moyo mchere zatchatchatcha mu chitsime ukufalikira. Zotsatira za mbuyomu - akale zipilala kamangidwe, iwo mkanemayu awona alendo padziko lonse.

Ngale Uzbekistan - Khiva

Ancient Khiva - Khiva kale unali likulu la ufumu, omwe anakhala mbali ya Russian Ufumu wa m'ma XIX - limafotokoza mbiri yake kuyambira kale, koma ambiri asangalala zaka XIX-XX. Panthawi imeneyi, zodabwitsa nyumba mapulani zinamangidwa pa malire ace, amene ali m'gulu la UNESCO malo World Heritage.

Ambiri a iwo ankaganiza Ichan-Kala. Uku, kwenikweni, ndi mzinda wakale, inkakhala ndi mipanda wandiweyani. The kwambiri mapulani zipilala: ndi minaret Kalta Minar madrasa Muhammad Amin Khan, nyumba ya Muhammad Rahim Khan, mzikiti ndi mausoleum a Bibi Hajar, Shahimardan mausoleum, mausoleum wa Sheikh Mavlon Bobo.

m'dera Hazarapsky

Kum'mwera ankaona Xazorasp District wa dera Khorezm, kumaphatikizapo midzi 15, yaikulu ya mzinda Pitnak. Mpaka m'ma 1990s, iye ankatchedwa Ubwenzi. Kudzera chitadutsa mzere wa njanji-Urgench Turkmenobad. Ndi ntchito chomera galimoto.

Likulu la Chigawo mzinda wakale Khazarasp. Pa m'gawo lake zimasungika makombo a makoma akale mipanda yolimba, imene pali munakhazikitsa poteteza mzindawu. Pamakona a mpanda korona nsanja. Pa ikuchitika zofukulidwa mapale anapezeka, amene zaka limanenedwa ngati ine Zakachikwi BC. mzindawo pa Amu Darya anakumba Grand Ngalande, yemwe anali yodutsira.

chigawo Qo'shko'pir

chitsimikizo china cha dziko akale analandira Khorezm dera - Qo'shko'pir District, amene ali m'madera akutali kwambiri a Uzbekistan. Pa m'gawo lake kumeneko Koshkupyr m'mudzi, pafupi ndilo Imorat-bobo - ndi mapulani zovuta ili mu dera la manda wakale. Pamafunikanso mzikiti mudzi ndi minaret ndi mausoleums atatu, ataima popanda mzake. Derali lili m'mbuyo ndithu. Apa zikugwira ulimi.